Vol 6, No 9 (2025)

this article explores key aspects of developing writing skills in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classes. It focuses on common challenges faced by intermediate learners, including lack of ideas, language insecurity, and low motivation. Particular emphasis is placed on the use of authentic materials – real-life texts such as articles, letters, and notices – as effective tools for enhancing creativity, boosting learner engagement, and improving language proficiency. The article argues for the integration of authentic texts into the writing curriculum to bridge the gap between academic learning and real-world communication. It introduces several pre-writing strategies – brainstorming, listing, freewriting, and clustering – that help students generate ideas and prepare for structured writing tasks. These techniques are shown to reduce anxiety and encourage active participation, especially among students hesitant to write in English. The paper contributes to EFL pedagogy by offering practical recommendations for organizing writing lessons and underscores the value of learner-centred approaches. Findings emphasize that the use of authentic texts not only enriches classroom experience but also facilitates meaningful language acquisition, helping students develop higher-order thinking and communicative competence in writing.

the article considers the current problem of teaching schoolchildren to solve problems in probability theory. The demand and relevance of this topic is due, on the one hand, to the introduction of a new school course in probability theory and mathematical statistics, and on the other hand, to the inclusion of problems from this section in control and measuring materials in mathematics. The article pays special attention to the technique of modeling as a means of visualizing a problem situation, which allows organizing students' activities to find a way to solve such problems. The author considers the most frequently used models in school practice, presented in textbooks and teaching aids for preparing for the Unified State Exam. The main stages of mathematical modeling when working on a problem are revealed. Specific examples are used to describe in detail the methodological features of organizing students' activities to create a model for the condition of the problem, which leads them to an independent discovery of a way to solve it and a theoretical justification for the solution found. The methodological approach to solving problems in probability theory using models proposed in the article provides a visual interpretation of the mathematical provisions of the theory itself and is an effective tool in finding a way to solve problems of this type.

this article is aimed at identifying the percentage of fiction texts in modern foreign language textbooks. The article describes the features of reading at the present stage: fragmentation, search format of reading, lack of need for deep understanding of the text. This format of reading leaves its mark on reading in class and is the reason for the loss of interest and motivation in reading fiction texts, which have predominant differences in terms of teaching foreign languages. Based on the calculation of educational texts, it was possible to establish that the fiction texts are insufficiently represented on the pages of modern textbooks, which does not contribute to the emergence of a reading culture and does not increase the value of this type of activity in the eyes of modern schoolchildren. This state of affairs is confirmed by the small variety of texts presented, their small volume and an even smaller number of authentic materials, which necessitates selection of fiction texts by the teacher. The article is intended for a wide range of readers: from students of pedagogical directions to teachers. The theoretical significance of the article lies in the consideration of the content of teaching in the field of reading in basic school. The results of the study can be used to clarify and select fiction educational texts for foreign language lessons in secondary school.

this article explores the transformation of vocal education in Russia under the influence of digital technologies, in particular online platforms. The authors analyze the experience of Russian educational projects, demonstrating how digital solutions overcome geographical barriers and expand access to high-quality instruction. Special attention is given to technological tools such as sound-recognition systems for monitoring pitch and rhythm, visualization of acoustic voice parameters, and interactive trainers for developing ear training and rhythm skills. The study emphasizes the contextual adaptation of platforms to the needs of the Russian-speaking audience, including diverse repertoire selection and accommodation of local pedagogical traditions. The article details the advantages of the digital format: personalized learning aligned with each student’s individual goals, the introduction of gamification to boost motivation (especially among children), the possibility of an integrated approach (vocal training, music theory, stagecraft), and psychological support. Various formats of interaction are examined: individual consultations, group lessons, virtual choirs, and master classes by renowned professionals. The authors highlight the key role of feedback-both automated and teacher-provided – and analyze methods for its optimization in remote settings.

the article considers the possibility of using information and communication technologies as a modern tool for the social education of younger schoolchildren. Social education includes a set of basic competencies necessary for each individual to successfully interact in the modern world. Education includes the identification and possibility of comprehensive development of students, this requires a set of diagnostic techniques aimed at assessing the level of components of social education of younger schoolchildren. This article presents the components of the level of social education of younger schoolchildren, as well as the results of a study of these skills. An application is described as an information and communication tool that will be aimed at improving the level of social education of younger schoolchildren.

the presented article is written on an interesting topic. First of all, I would like to emphasize its timeliness. The phrase that by today, more precisely, by the middle of the second decade of the 21st century, Azerbaijani methodological science has accumulated a lot of experience on the analyzed issue, does not hang in the air, but, on the contrary, is once again confirmed by the entire course of this work. The individual facts related to some of the most effective forms and methods of presenting educational material on RAFL (Russian as a foreign language) are carefully strung together. As we understand it, from the beginning to the end of the article, the regional scientific bias is strictly maintained. Moreover, it is argued that this is all the more important in the humanities universities of Azerbaijan, since this part of a larger discipline is related to the history and geography of Russia and other regions of the world. It is noticeable that the author is generally well acquainted with special methodological and pedagogical literature. This is clearly evidenced by the works listed by him. The undoubted success of this article is its reliance on official documents published in the republican press. Before pointing out the relevant tasks and exercises, the author quite wisely relies on the Russian language program (and in it, the educational material) and – even more importantly – such a very important document as the State Educational Standard.

the article addresses the adaptation of the Soviet school education system to extreme conditions during the Great Patriotic War. The study examines changes in the Soviet school system prompted by the wartime emergency, with a focus on local history through the example of Penza schools. The analysis reveals a range of challenges and adaptive strategies in organizing the educational and upbringing processes in school institutions. Particular attention is given to the transformation of the school system, learning conditions, and everyday life of students and teachers, as well as the contribution of Penza schools to the victory in the Great Patriotic War.

the article is devoted to the study of the image of Russia, the Russian culture, and the Russians in foreign-language literary works and further use of the data in the discipline "Theory and Practice of Intercultural Communication". It examines various interpretations used by foreign authors, as well as the evolution of the perception of the Russians abroad, analyzes both positive and negative stereotypes and their influence on the formation of the image of Russia in the global consciousness. The article gives the examples of the use of the materials in subject-related training sessions on the discipline. It demonstrates the importance of studying foreign-language works in order to gain a deeper understanding of intercultural dialogue and its impact on the perception of Russia in the world. The Russian culture has a rich history filled with generosity, unique traditions, and events that have captured the attention of the global community. Its multifaceted and profound nature has been reflected not only in the Russian art, but also in the works of foreign artists: from the grandeur of literature to the captivating power of cinema, from the depth of music to the expressiveness of painting. The Russian world with its contradictions and beauty has been studied, interpreted, and artistically explored by foreign creators. This research focuses on the representation of the Russian culture and the Russians in foreign-language works, what stereotypes are mentioned more, how the perception of Russia changes in different historical periods, how the data can be used in the discipline "Theory and Practice of Intercultural Communication". The study is based on the ideas of the formation of national images, stereotyping, intercultural communication, and the reception of fiction. The main research method is the content analysis of the literary texts that reflect Russia, the Russian culture, and the Russians. It also compares the interpretations of the image of Russia in different works to identify some common trends and characteristics of perception. The study demonstrates the evolution of the image of the Russians in Western literature: from romantic ideals to complex and multifaceted representations that reflect both historical truth and the author's vision. In J. Littell's novel "The Benefactress" the Russian people are portrayed in a nuanced and contradictory light, free from clich?s. Through the eyes of a German officer the reader witnesses not only the heroism and resistance of the Russians, but also their humanity, pain, and the horrors of war. The portrayal is far from idealized, but rather realistic, focusing on the struggle for survival during the occupation. The presence of the elements of Soviet ideology highlights its influence on everyday life. In contrast, J. Verne's "Michael Strogov" creates an idealized and romantic portrayal of the Russians, presenting them as strong, welcoming, and loyal defenders of Europe. The protagonist, Mikhail Strogov, embodies the positive stereotypes associated with the perception of Russia in the 19th century. M. Cruz Smith's novel "Gorky Park" takes an intermediate position. It offers a more truthful, albeit generally positive, portrayal of a Soviet man in the character of Arkady Renko. Renko is a patriot who is disillusioned with the system, a fighter against corruption, and a man with his own flaws. Despite the effort towards authenticity achieved through consultations with native speakers, there are still some stereotypes present in Renko's character. These findings can be valuable for further exploration of the Western perspective on Russian culture. The authors also present a set of tasks based on the material within the the discipline "Theory and Practice of Intercultural Communication", aimed at organizing communication of the representatives of different cultures. The study demonstrates the diversity of the images of the Russians and culture in foreign literature, reflecting both romantic idealizations and a critical analysis of social and political realities. The authors, based on their experience and historical context, create multifaceted portraits, from courageous and patriotic heroes to more complex characters facing the difficulties of the Soviet system. Although there are some stereotypes and contradictory interpretations, foreign works promote intercultural dialogue, helping foreign readers to better understand the Russian culture, and Russian speakers – to see its perception abroad. The analysis of the considered works enriches our understanding of both the Russian culture and its perception by the outside world. Solving the problem of organizing communicative interaction of the representatives of different cultures requires the use of certain approaches, methods, and techniques, as well as certain pedagogical skills and abilities. This study allows us to achieve this.

the article analyzes the possibilities of using the experience of practice-oriented first aid training in teaching forensic medicine at universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Teaching forensic medicine is not an easy task, since traditional teaching methods and techniques are not sufficient for its effective development. Law enforcement officers are among the first to arrive at the scene, so paramedical and forensic training plays a special role for them. Interactive technologies are actively used in first aid training, which activate the cognitive activity of students and increase the productivity of learning, promote a deep understanding of medical principles and prepare cadets for real tasks, help in the formation and maintenance of educational motivation. Generalization, comparison, synthesis, classification, concretization; analysis of scientific literature, pedagogical experiment. These research results can be useful in the training of police officers. Interactive methods used in first aid training contribute to a deep understanding of the principles of first aid and prepare cadets for real-world tasks. They help in the formation and maintenance of educational motivation, which is often reduced among students at universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, since academic disciplines with a medical component require students to know special terms and understand the mechanisms of pathological processes that occur in the human body under the influence of damaging factors. Cadets are trained in the basics of first aid in the first year, and they study the discipline of "Forensic Medicine" in the third or fourth year, so the knowledge gained in first aid should be ideally integrated into the substantive component of forensic medicine. The classical curriculum in forensic medicine does not allow for the introduction of new pedagogical approaches due to the large volume and limited time to master, therefore, in universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia there is a need to develop a new program taking into account the experience of using active learning in teaching first aid.

this article examines the features of the use of distance learning technologies in the development of 3D modeling. Being one of the most popular areas in the modern world, 3D modeling is used not only in the field of technological solutions, but also in culture, medicine, architecture and other industries. The difference between distance learning and traditional learning is to obtain high-quality knowledge on a certain topic without reference to any place or time, which opens access to a wide range of users to master valuable information.

the article analyzes the effectiveness of the application of new methods and techniques of teaching college students in the framework of the federal educational program "professionalism". This program is aimed at immersing students in the professional sphere, thus, in classes on the basics of security and protection of the Homeland, we have proposed the use of a method for solving situational problems that introduce students to professions, forming a professional identity. According to the latest statistics relevant for 2024, it was found that a significant proportion of incidents related to injuries at home occur among adolescents aged 14 to 18 years. Specifically, this figure reaches 58% of the total number of injuries recorded in everyday life, which is a noticeable increase of 1.5% compared to the same period of the previous year. Safety at home is one of the most important components of every person's life, playing a key role in ensuring a comfortable and healthy living environment. In modern society, where the level of risk and the variety of potential threats are constantly increasing, the formation of students' knowledge about safety in everyday life is becoming an integral part of the educational process.

in the context of modern pedagogical research, the problem of forming the creative orientation of a preschool child's personality is becoming particularly relevant. Creative orientation is an integrative personality quality characterized by the desire for self-expression, innovative thinking and active knowledge of the world around them. This article examines the key pedagogical aspects contributing to the development of creative orientation in preschool children, with an emphasis on the theoretical and methodological foundations of this process. Theoretical analysis shows that the formation of creative orientation in preschoolers is a multifaceted process that includes both cognitive, emotional, and social components. Within the framework of the cognitive aspect, it is necessary to take into account the development of children's ability to abstract thinking, analyze and synthesize information. The emotional aspect involves the formation of a positive attitude towards creative activity in children, self-confidence and the ability to overcome difficulties. The social aspect includes the development of skills of cooperation, communication and interaction with other children and adults in the process of creative activity.

this study analyzes the attitudes of university students in the Republic of Uzbekistan toward the digitalization of higher education. The aim of the study is to identify the nature and subjective factors that determine students' positions regarding digital transformations in the educational environment. The theoretical basis of the study was the attitude formation model and the concept of digital inequality, which formed the basis for developing the questionnaire and interpreting the empirical data. To collect data from 30 respondents, an interview questionnaire based on the attitude model was developed. Respondents were randomly selected from three public institutes and universities of Uzbekistan. To ensure sample heterogeneity, students from different socio-economic, gender, and digital categories were selected. Interview transcripts were analyzed using paper-and-pencil thematic analysis in combination with Canon software. The results of the data analysis show that most students have a positive perception of the digitalization of education. However, the gap in the use of digital devices causes differences in student attitudes. Students with access to digital resources generally have a positive attitude. On the contrary, students who do not have the opportunity to use digital technologies have a negative attitude towards the digitalization of education, although they consider it an important and timely necessity.

the article considers the problem of phonemic hearing formation in first-graders in the letter period through educational and practical tasks. The analysis of the concepts of «phonemic hearing», «phonemic representations» and «sound-letter analysis» is carried out. A system of educational and practical tasks for the formation of phonemic hearing in first-graders in the letter period, taking into account the system of its activity, is described.

the purpose of this work is to familiarize the reader with the computer slang used by young “gamers” in a number of games, its specifics and to find out the influence of computer games and slang on the language, behavior, culture of modern youth. The article discusses the positive aspects of the phenomena of digitalization and gamification. The scientific novelty of the study lies in substantiating the need to study game slang by all stakeholders in order to be able to speak the same language with the younger generation. As a result, a glossary of gaming terms is proposed, which can help parents to get closer to their children, to speak the same language.

the linguistic and cultural component in teaching Russian as a foreign language contributes to the development of the necessary speech skills and the improvement of the skills of implementing intercultural dialogue through understanding the Russian language as an important part of Russian culture. The purpose of this article is to present a methodological development of a linguistic and cultural focus dedicated to the life and work of the great scientist and public figure Petr Petrovich Semenov-Tyan-Shansky, after whom Lipetsk State Pedagogical University is named, as well as to justify the need for its use in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. This goal is achieved through the following tasks: development and adaptation of the necessary material related to the life and work of the outstanding scientist P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky, creation of pre-text, near-text and post-text tasks, expanding the understanding of foreign citizens about Russia, its great names, the formation of positive motivation for learning the Russian language. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that this methodological development can be used not only in the preparatory department of the P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky Leningrad State Pedagogical University, but also in teaching foreign students from other universities.

the article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of developing the professional readiness of future computer science teachers to use artificial intelligence (AI) technologies for programming and designing educational software tools (ESTs). The aim of the study is to substantiate the pedagogical conditions, methodological approaches, and digital tools that ensure the effective integration of AI tools into the training process of prospective teachers. The focus of the research is on students' activities related to the design and implementation of ESTs using modern AI-based programming environments, particularly the Cursor AI IDE.

the article examines the state and trends in the development of general education and vocational education of convicts in penitentiary institutions of the Yaroslav region. Within the framework of this study, a comprehensive analysis of the current state and potential trajectories of the evolution of general and vocational education systems for persons in prison in the Yaroslavl region was carried out. Special attention was paid to the study of institutional mechanisms, the regulatory framework, as well as socio-economic factors affecting the effectiveness of educational programs in the penitentiary system. The purpose of the study was to identify key problems and prospects for optimizing educational processes in correctional institutions, which involves the development of scientifically sound recommendations for improving educational policy in this area. The methodological basis of the research was a systematic approach, comparative analysis, and empirical research methods, including questionnaires, interviews, and monitoring of educational practices. In the course of the work, the existing training models, their legal regulation, as well as the experience of other regions of the Russian Federation and foreign countries were studied. The results of the study indicate the need for a comprehensive approach to the organization of the educational process in correctional institutions, including the integration of educational programs into the general system of vocational training and retraining, as well as the introduction of innovative teaching methods that promote social adaptation and resocialization of convicts.

the article examines the role of the educational environment in the formation of worldview attitudes of Russian high school students. Based on the integration of sociological, psychological, pedagogical and philosophical approaches, the key mechanisms of school influence on value orientations, civic identity and social representations of students are analyzed. The empirical basis of the study is the data of a questionnaire survey of high school students (N = 300) and expert interviews with teachers (N = 20), conducted in 2023-2024. The results demonstrate a significant correlation between the characteristics of the educational environment (curriculum, extracurricular activities, style of pedagogical communication) and the structure of the worldview of adolescents. Particular attention is paid to the contradiction between officially declared values (patriotism, traditional morality) and real practices of school education. It was revealed that the most effective in terms of worldview are educational models that combine academic knowledge with project forms of social activity. The study is devoted to studying the influence of the educational environment on the formation of the worldview of high school students. Key factors (formal and informal practices, digitalization) and their role in the formation of value orientations are analyzed. The work is based on mixed methods (questionnaires, interviews, document analysis) and offers practical solutions for the modernization of educational work in schools. The study used an integrated approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis. The empirical base was formed by the results of a survey of 300 high school students (15-18 years old) from comprehensive schools, lyceums and gymnasiums in three regions of Russia, conducted using adapted methods of Schwartz and Rokeach to assess value orientations. The qualitative component included 20 in-depth interviews with teachers and 30 semi-structured interviews with students aimed at identifying latent aspects of worldview formation. In addition, a content analysis of curricula, educational programs and reporting documentation of 15 educational organizations was conducted. Statistical data processing was carried out in the SPSS 26.0 program (correlation, factor analysis, Student's t-test), qualitative data were analyzed in MAXQDA using grounded theory methods. The sample was formed using the stratified selection method, taking into account the type of educational institution, territorial location and educational profile. The results of the study can be used in the development and adjustment of educational programs aimed at the spiritual and moral education of high school students. The data obtained are valuable for improving the qualifications of teachers in terms of the formation of value orientations of students and working with the digital generation. The research materials can serve as a basis for creating methodological recommendations for organizing project activities and volunteer practices in schools. The results can also be taken into account when developing state educational policy and regulatory documents governing educational work in educational institutions. The study confirmed the key role of the educational environment in shaping the worldview of high school students, while revealing significant contradictions. It was found that traditional educational methods are inferior in effectiveness to activity-based approaches (project work, volunteering), demonstrating a stable correlation with the value orientations of students. Of particular importance is the identified gap between formal educational programs and the real priorities of the digital generation, which requires a revision of pedagogical strategies. The obtained data emphasize the need to create flexible models of education that combine the academic component with practice-oriented forms of work that meet the needs of modern youth.

this article explores the analysis and practical application of gamification technologies in teaching General English and English for Specific Purposes to advertising students at the secondary vocational education level. It examines theoretical frameworks, international and Russian experiences, and the psychological and pedagogical aspects of gamification, alongside its limitations. The article presents the results of a pedagogical experiment, demonstrating a significant increase in students’ motivation and pro-fessional foreign language competence as a result of incorporating gamification technologies into foreign language instruction.

the article is dedicated to the development of interactive tasks for in-depth study of the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction in specialized physics and mathematics classes. The proposed tasks are implemented on the PhET Interactive Simulations and Desmos platforms, integrating computer modeling and real data analysis. Testing among 11th-grade students from schools No. 30, No. 14, and No. 17 in Volzhsky (n = 133) showed a 32% increase in the average understanding of the topic and an increase in motivation to solve problems.

this article explores the reflective approach to mathematics education in the 5th grade as a means to improve student learning outcomes. Based on the works of prominent Russian educators, the necessity of developing reflective skills is justified, and a classification of reflective tasks and techniques is presented. These are aimed at enhancing students' abilities for self-analysis and self-regulation in learning activities. A pedagogical experiment is described, demonstrating improved task performance after the implementation of self-set micro-goals based on reflection. The hypothesis that reflective strategies enhance learning outcomes was confirmed.

the article examines the problems of the professional worldview of a modern teacher in Russia. The article analyzes the results of a diagnostic survey of teachers, revealing pedagogical values, the nature of the professional mission, pedagogical aspirations and features of pedagogical influences on students in the educational space of the school. The professional image of a modern teacher is described. In the modern world, characterized by the intensification of transformation processes of socio-cultural institutions of Russian society as an integral part of the changing world cultural landscape, rethinking the existential meaning-forming values of being a modern person, the construct of his worldview is of particular importance. The struggle between the world of the traditional way of life and the world of "new" ethics in the global agenda becomes a challenge for the growing generation of Russian citizens and determines the need to design an effective educational space of the school, the foundation of which are the basic national Russian values. The teacher traditionally plays a decisive role in the effectiveness of educational activities at school. The definition of the professional worldview of a modern teacher becomes the subject of the study, the results of which are reflected in this article. The research methodology is based on the analysis of theoretical provisions, analysis of empirical data, and a survey in the form of a questionnaire. The theoretical basis was theories and concepts devoted to the phenomenon of the professional worldview of a teacher. An empirical study of the professional worldview of a teacher was conducted in the Nizhny Novgorod and Moscow regions. 153 teachers participated in the study. These research results can enrich studies devoted to the worldview and professional values of a modern teacher. Also, the identified research results can serve as a basis for determining the axiological guidelines for the professional education of a future teacher. As a result of studying the approaches to defining a professional worldview in modern psychological and pedagogical studies, the content of the phenomenon of a teacher's professional worldview was clarified. The results of the empirical study revealed the nature of the professional mission of the teacher, the importance of the professional and personal qualities and values of the teacher, his perception of the social status of the teaching profession, the teacher's understanding of the national idea of education in a modern school.