The influence of thinking types on the level of economic culture and financial literacy as an element of combating financial fraud

changes in the higher education system involve the modernization of the educational process to develop students' competencies that correspond to the vector of economic development. The downside of the development of digitalization of the economy is the growth of fraudulent activities in the financial sector. The government, law enforcement agencies, and the Central Bank are taking measures to counter fraudsters and prevent fraudulent activities. Since 2025, a self-prohibition on receiving loans and credits, a "cooling period", the creation of a single database of voices of telephone scammers have been introduced, not only administrative but also primary liability for dropshipping has been introduced. However, the number of cases of fraudulent activities is increasing, as is the growth in the number of victims of their actions. The economic culture of the population is formed in different ways under the influence of many factors. The ability to recognize a fraudster and not fall for his tricks is significantly affected by a person's type of thinking. The perception of information, including content on the prevention of financial fraud, also depends on the type of thinking. It will also be responsible for the ability to interrupt a conversation with a fraudster. The introduced measures for the "cooling off period" will certainly be effective for people prone to impulsive actions and slower to analyze information. Gender, age and financial status leave their mark on the economic behavior of the subject. According to the Bank of Russia, women with low incomes are more often victims of fraudsters. Based on the method of analyzing the drawings of Z. Koroleva, the types of thinking of students of KubSAU and KubSMU were determined, then the influence of the types of thinking on the financial literacy of students was analyzed.

type of thinking, economic culture, financial literacy, financial fraud, logical thinking, practical thinking