No 5 (2025)

the article presents a method of semantic demand decomposition designed to improve the effectiveness of search advertising on the Yandex Direct platform. The author's approach enables the structuring and segmentation of search queries based on commercial intent and user readiness. The algorithm includes clustering, lexical analysis, and query categorization. Unlike traditional methods focused on keyword frequency and competition, the proposed method considers the semantic structure and intent behind user queries. The methodology was tested across three niches: repair services, education, and e-commerce. The data obtained confirmed the hypothesis that segmentation by semantic and behavioral characteristics provides a significant increase in efficiency compared to traditional approaches. This is consistent with the conclusions presented in the research of Kalinina N.V., which describes methods for evaluating the effectiveness of online advertising, as well as in the work of Maslova V.P., which examines Internet marketing tools in Russian conditions. The results are further supported by A.N. Tikhonov's analysis, which emphasizes the importance of behavioral segmentation in marketing practice. Results demonstrate increased targeting accuracy, reduced cost per lead, and higher CTR. The study provides a reproducible framework for search ad setup based on demand logic rather than purely technical metrics.

the aim is to study local industry restructuring and regional economic sustainability development using an AI agent system Methods: the presented study uses a literature review, a theoretical analysis of the mechanisms of interaction between AI technologies and economic structures, an empirical study based on statistical data for the Moscow region, a comparative analysis of industry transformations, and the development of forecast development scenarios as methods. The study combines theoretical analysis, empirical data, and practical policy recommendations. Findings: the results show that AI implementation contributes to the growth of high-tech sectors of the economy, but at the same time creates structural imbalances in traditional industries. Recommendations are proposed for the formation of an adaptive and inclusive model of technological transformation. Conclusions: a key factor in successful transformation is the ability of regional institutions to coordinate AI implementation processes, ensure inclusive development, and minimize negative social consequences. Moscow's experience shows that with the right policies and sufficient resources, it is possible to achieve a positive balance between technological progress and social stability.

the purpose of the study: based on the consideration of theoretical aspects of economic security and the application of a risk-based approach, to determine an algorithm for implementing management impacts for small businesses to mitigate and neutralize identified risks. Methods: the methods used were methods of concretization, analysis of scientific scrutinizing, and deduction. Findings: The study presents an algorithm for the process of implementing management impacts to ensure the economic security of small businesses. It is proposed to implement certain actions step by step on the basis of a risk-based approach to neutralize risks and threats to economic security. Based on the results of regular diagnostics of risks and threats to security, identifying the causes of deviations from established indicators, specific recommendations for their neutralization and strategies for increasing the level of economic security of the subject should be developed and implemented. At the same time, special attention should be paid to the use of modern information technologies and software products. Conclusions: the proposed algorithm will make it possible to improve the management of the entity by streamlining managerial influences with the delineation of employee responsibilities and the definition of their responsibilities. An operational regular assessment of security risks carried out within the framework of this algorithm, identifying the causes of deviations from established indicators of economic security, followed by the identification and implementation of options for responding to identified risks will not only strengthen the economic security of small businesses, but also assess their development prospects.

the purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for risk assessment and integrated security for hospitality enterprises implementing digital technologies and developing in the domestic tourism market. Methods: the presented research uses the analysis of systemic risks of digital transformation, methods of quantitative analysis and scenario modeling. Findings: the study presents internal and external factors that determine the risks of digitalization of hotel enterprises. It has been established that the digitalization of the hospitality industry enterprises is accompanied by multilevel risks covering the technical, information, organizational, financial and legal spheres. A "risk model" has been developed as a system of methods that reflects the risk elements of digitalization of business processes in the hospitality industry. A methodology for analyzing and managing the risk of systems based on logical and probabilistic values (LV factor) is presented. A matrix of criteria for assessing the risk management system is proposed. The indicators of integral security of the hotel business enterprises are revealed. The dynamics of safety and risk indicators is calculated using the example of a hotel complex. Conclusions: the data show that there is a significant dynamics in the level of security, the level of risk is moving from an average position to a high level. This requires the development of measures to ensure the integrated security of the development of hotel enterprises in the context of digital transformation.

the purpose of this study is to identify the key problems and difficulties faced by sellers when launching products on Wildberries, and to develop practical recommendations for overcoming them. Methods: the presented study uses statistical and system analysis to analyze the relationships between card quality, logistics, and sales, a comparative method to compare different strategies for promoting products on a marketplace, and empirical testing to test hypotheses on real product listings. Findings: the study presents the developed tools for unit economics analysis, which allowed for a detailed picture of the profitability of each product position, which became the basis for making strategic decisions when launching a product on the Wildberries marketplace. Conclusions: the conducted research revealed the need for a comprehensive approach to the organization of commercial activities on the Wildberries marketplace, where the optimization of all business processes is of particular importance. The key achievement was the creation of a multi-level analytical system that provided not only automated control of financial indicators, but also a fundamentally new level of accuracy in predicting demand.

the main objective of the article is to identify the specifics of applying fractal geometry in modern economic science and to determine how the level of estimation of the fractal dimension of financial time series depends on the chosen estimation method. The article proposes understanding the actual functioning of financial markets based on fractal geometry, which makes it possible to accurately model the uneven development and properties of economic processes. The theory of investment risk and market informational efficiency is examined, its limitations are shown, and a path is outlined for renewing financial thinking based on a particular class of fractal processes. The new approach presented in this study lies in the innovative use of fractal geometry in mathematical economics for modeling financial markets. Instead of traditional methods based on standard models and assumptions, the author suggests revisiting the approach to analyzing and forecasting market dynamics using concepts from fractal geometry.

modern economic conditions place increased demands on the rational allocation of budget funds, especially in the social sphere. Education remains one of the key areas vital for the sustainable development of society. However, the priority of this sector is not always adequately reflected in the financial policy of the state. In the context of budget deficits, sanctions pressure, and changing economic priorities, education financing faces a number of challenges that require both short-term and long-term solutions. The article examines the main challenges faced by the education system in conditions of limited resources, analyzes the financing models used at the federal and regional levels, and suggests sound approaches to improving the efficiency of using funds based on foreign experience and domestic practices.

the purpose of the study is to analyze the economic aspects of digital sovereignty. Methods include comparative analysis of approaches used in different countries, as well as SWOT analysis of the economic aspects of digital sovereignty. Findings: The economic aspects of digital sovereignty include two main areas: state and company costs for digitalization and security to protect against cybercrime and losses from cyberattacks. The importance of the development of import substitution in the field of digital technologies and the development of the domestic IT sector is noted, since this reduces the country's dependence on the supply of components and software by foreign partners and makes the country independent. As an economic benefit from storing data within the country, we can name the reduction of the risks of sanctions blocking, as well as the cancellation of payments to foreign services. At the same time, there are certain difficulties in creating digital sovereignty. One of the difficulties lies in the lack of chips and equipment that were previously supplied by foreign companies. Due to the need to rewrite the code for new platforms, IT developments are currently at the initial stage. When creating systems of protection against cyber attacks, it is necessary to focus on key areas, since this requires significant financial investments. Conclusions: the analysis allows us to highlight the features of ensuring digital sovereignty in other countries, which can be the basis for the development of Russia's policy in this area. Highlighted dangers and opportunities allow us to focus on the development of the strengths of digital sovereignty.

the article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the current state and trends in the digitalization of organizations in the trade industry of the Russian Federation based on statistical data, expert assessments and theoretical approaches. The emphasis is on the study of key digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud solutions, omnichannel platforms, logistics automation, enterprise management systems (ERP, CRM), predictive analytics, as well as digital channels of interaction with consumers. The features of digital transformation in various segments of the industry, including retail, wholesale trade and platform marketplaces are revealed. The impact of digitalization on the structure and dynamics of consumer demand, the competitiveness of enterprises, productivity and operational efficiency is considered. Particular attention is paid to the impact of digital solutions on logistics, document flow, assortment management, personalization of customer experience and strategic planning. The difference between digitalization and automation, as well as the role of ecosystem and institutional approaches to understanding transformation processes in trade are emphasized. The article analyzes the barriers and challenges that hinder the widespread use of digital practices: regional disparities in the level of digital infrastructure, limited financial and human resources in small and medium businesses, and insufficient integration of IT solutions. It shows the importance of government policy implemented within the framework of the national programs "Digital Economy" and "Digital Trade", as well as the need to strengthen systemic mechanisms to support trade enterprises. Specific measures to stimulate digitalization are proposed: the creation of a specialized trade transformation fund, the introduction of tax deductions for digital investments, and the development of industry educational programs. The article may be useful to the scientific community, practitioners, specialists in the field of digital economy and representatives of government bodies dealing with issues of regulation and development of the trade sector in the digital age.

the article explores the mechanisms for ensuring sustainable economic growth under the conditions of structural transformation of the national economy. The relevance of the study is driven by the need to reassess development models due to the exhaustion of the traditional export- and resource-based growth potential, as well as the necessity to adapt to new challenges—both internal (institutional constraints, investment stagnation) and external (sanctions pressure, global market volatility). The aim of the research is to identify the key factors determining the sustainability of economic growth in a transitional economy and to assess their influence in the context of structural changes. The methodological framework is based on the theories of endogenous growth, structural economics, and institutional analysis. The empirical base includes official statistical data of the Russian Federation for 2010–2023, World Bank data, and findings from international studies. The research employs statistical analysis, regression modeling, and structural change indices. The results confirm that the sustainability of economic growth is primarily driven by an increasing share of manufacturing and knowledge-intensive industries in GDP, along with growth in investment activity and research and development expenditures. Conversely, a high dependence on the resource sector negatively affects sustainability by increasing macroeconomic volatility and vulnerability to external shocks. It is shown that institutional conditions create a background environment but require strengthening to effectively support structural modernization. The article concludes with policy recommendations aimed at promoting industrial diversification, investment support, and technological development. The findings may be useful for scholars and policymakers involved in strategic planning and economic policy formulation.

the article presents a comparative analysis of two methodological approaches to the categorization of socio-economic development of regions based on the analysis of population needs: mathematical and heuristic categorization. The proposed methodologies are developed based on a review of existing research. Both approaches utilize the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method but differ in their application strategies. The mathematical categorization relies on a predetermined level of determination, ensuring objectivity, though potentially overlooking the specifics of individual need categories. In contrast, the heuristic categorization takes into account the particularities of each category but is more susceptible to subjectivity. This work contributes to the advancement of methodology for monitoring regional socio-economic development by offering tools for more accurate and effective assessment of development levels based on the analysis of population needs satisfaction. Future research prospects include validation of the developed methodology and optimization of the selection of weighting coefficients during indicator aggregation. The work was carried out within the framework of the project «Development of a methodology for the formation of an instrumental base for analysis and modeling of spatial socio-economic development of systems in the context of digitalization based on internal reserves» (FSEG- 2023-0008).

the article is devoted to the specifics of financial analysis in the agro-industrial complex of Russia, emphasizing the differences from traditional methods of diagnosing industrial enterprises. The main attention is paid to the specifics of accounting for biological assets, the impact of seasonality of cash flows and the role of government support. It is shown that standard financial analysis tools require special adaptation associated with the correction of the official balance sheet and reporting, excluding the impact of revaluation of the living nature of assets. The key indicators of the industry for 2024 are described, among which gross output reached 8.9 trillion rubles, exports - 43.1 billion dollars, sales profitability was 18%. Preferential lending plays a crucial role, stabilizing costs and reducing risks for investors. Unique liquidity ratios and stress testing methods are studied, showing the high susceptibility of enterprises to price fluctuations and budget cuts. The importance of transforming the production portfolio, digital data processing and minimizing dependence on transfers to achieve long-term sustainability is emphasized. The article proposes an integrated performance assessment system based on balances, investments and the market, which contributes to the formation of effective economic policy and strategic planning in the sector.

the relevance of this study is driven by the need to develop and implement intelligent algorithms for analyzing the information environment of a company's economic activity. In the context of the digital economy, organizations operate within a complex and dynamic information environment that directly affects their efficiency and competitiveness. The actor-based gene domination algorithm proposed in this article is aimed at improving the accuracy and effectiveness of analyzing the key parameters of this environment. The purpose of the research is to develop a tool for analyzing the information environment of a company’s economic activity (hereinafter referred to as the information environment interaction tool) by identifying the essential semantic components of textual information using methods of quantification and constructing a parametric structure of algorithmic constraints within the framework of quality management methodology. The application of this approach enables the identification of dominant information flows, the assessment of the influence of internal and external actors on economic activity, and the formation of well-founded managerial decisions based on big data processing. The results of the study contribute to the advancement of methods for analyzing information interactions in the digital space and to the automation of monitoring and evaluation processes regarding the state of a company’s information environment. The work was carried out within the framework of the project “Development of a methodology for the formation of an instrumental base for the analysis and modeling of spatial socio-economic development of systems in the context of digitalization based on internal reserves” (FSEG-2023-0008).

the purpose of the research is to develop an algorithm for an enterprise's marketing strategy in the market for its effective promotion in the digital environment. Methods: general scientific and economic-statistical methods of data processing were used as methods in the presented study. Findings: the study presents an algorithm for creating an enterprise's marketing strategy, which will contribute to its successful promotion in the digital environment. Conclusions: the paper examines the problems of creating an effective marketing strategy for promoting an enterprise in a digital environment. The authors have systematized criteria and indicators for evaluating a marketing strategy in a digital environment. The sequence of developing a marketing strategy is presented, as well as the tools that make it possible to achieve the goal set by the enterprise.

this article provides a comprehensive study of the digitalization of the public and private sectors, considers key concepts, technologies and international experience of their implementation. It analyzes the benefits of digital transformations, as well as associated challenges and risks, such as cybersecurity, digital inequality, ethical and legal issues. Particular attention is paid to the interaction between public administration and business in the digital environment, promising areas of development and the necessary changes in management and regulatory practices. In conclusion, strategic recommendations are formulated aimed at sustainable and inclusive development of the digital society. Additionally, the emphasis is placed on the institutional differences in the logic of digitalization between sectors: if for business it is a question of competitiveness, then for the state it is a political and administrative necessity. The contradiction between speed and security, innovation and regulation, freedom and responsibility is becoming a key node of the digital agenda. In particular, the study is not limited to comparison - it reveals hidden dependencies, digital asymmetries and points of potential convergence. Based on the comparative analysis, practical and strategic recommendations for the development of digital ecosystems are formulated, taking into account management, regulatory and infrastructural factors.

the innovative activity of the NSR plays an important role in economic development of the Republic of Tatarstan. The activity of small businesses is especially active enterprises within innovative territorial clusters receive a unique opportunity to cooperate with large industrial enterprises and scientific institutions, participate in joint projects, and gain access to advanced scientific and technical developments and technologies. This activity is supported development of innovation infrastructure, state and regional investments in the development of science parks and innovation centers. Innovation clusters of the Republic of Tatarstan create a favorable ecosystem for the development of small businesses. Government support, NSR participation in the integration of small enterprises into the strategic projects of the republic increases their innovative activity. The Kama innovation cluster Innokam includes the autonomous non–profit organization CCR Innokam, the head center for cluster development and project management of the Republic of Tatarstan [1]. CCR Innokam is a specialized support structure for small and medium-sized businesses. It was created by a Cabinet Resolution Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Tatarstan No. 374 dated 04/20/12 and in two years of work has ensured full access of small enterprises to innovative resources and support.

the article is devoted to the development of a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of the competitiveness of retail chains in the context of a regional economy using the example of Dushanbe. The purpose of the study is to create an adapted toolkit that allows identifying competitive advantages and development zones of retail chains, taking into account the specifics of the local market. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: identifying key factors of competitiveness, developing a system of quantitative and qualitative indicators, and testing the methodology on data from leading networks ("?var", "Real Trading", "SHIEVER", "B1", "Diyor"). The research methodology is based on an integrated approach that combines spatial analysis (GIS), financial, economic, operational and social indicators. The methods of statistical analysis, expert assessments and sociological surveys were used, which ensured a comprehensive assessment. The results of the testing showed significant differences in the competitive positions of the networks: the leadership of "?var" is due to high profitability and customer satisfaction, while "Diyor" demonstrates growth potential due to increased interaction with local suppliers. The practical significance of the work lies in recommendations for optimizing the placement of retail outlets, digitalizing business processes and developing cooperation with local producers. The results of the study can be used by government agencies to formulate retail support programs, as well as by business structures when developing development strategies. The proposed methodology helps to increase the efficiency of integrating retail chains into the regional economy, ensuring sustainable growth and socio-economic effects.

the purpose of the article is to analyze the user experience of IT applications and websites for prepared food on the most popular platforms in Russia and abroad. ICT technologies are successfully integrated into modern economic relations, increasing business revenues and the standard of living of citizens. All this would be impossible without convenient channels of interaction – information (digital) platforms. A special case of information platforms are mobile applications, which are a convenient tool for scaling activities. The minimum cost of distributing mobile applications reduces the cost of marketing campaigns, and also makes the threshold for entering the industry more accessible for businesses. Meanwhile, having only one application is not enough - it is important to make it convenient and intuitive. This is assessed by the effectiveness of the user experience, the area of activity of UX analysts who build application parameters in such a way that users do not experience disappointment from using the selected services. Studying the features of modern digital platforms allows you to competently select the best practices for distributing products and services, identify market development trends, and test various innovations, which positively affects the quality of the service provided. The relevance of the study is explained by the fact that the creation of applications and sites for the delivery of products is one of the consequences of the digital transformation process in the industry, and the identification of individual patterns will help predict the state of development of the industry in the future. The author sets the task of identifying the main components of successful implementation of IT applications and food delivery sites, as well as considering the relationship between statistical metrics of site visits and the portrait of consumers.

the purpose of the article is to examine the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies on modern business models and operational activities of companies. The study explores how AI transforms traditional business approaches, automates routine processes, and creates new opportunities for improving efficiency. The methods include an analysis of real-world case studies of AI implementation across various industries, a review of modern technological solutions, and an evaluation of their economic impact. Special attention is given to the practical aspects of integrating AI systems into business processes. The results highlight the experience of leading companies, demonstrating that comprehensive AI-driven automation delivers a synergistic effect—beyond direct cost reductions (averaging 35-50% for routine operations), it lays the foundation for innovation, accelerates decision-making, and significantly enhances business resilience to change. However, successful implementation of such projects requires thorough data preparation, organizational process restructuring, and investments in employee upskilling. Conclusions: AI is becoming a key competitive advantage. Companies that promptly adopt intelligent technologies gain the ability to reduce costs, improve service quality, and build sustainable business models in the digital age. At the same time, successful transformation requires a strategic approach to AI integration, investments in infrastructure, and workforce reskilling.

purpose: the article considers modern approaches to improving the mechanisms of material and technical support (MTS) at mechanical engineering enterprises in the context of digitalization of production. Methods: The analysis of the essence and structure of the MTS system was carried out, key problems hindering its effective functioning were identified: inconsistency of processes, weak digital integration, insufficient analytical support and personnel shortage. Particular attention is paid to the possibilities of using digital tools - ERP, WMS, SCM, BI systems - as a basis for the formation of a flexible, transparent and adaptive resource provision model. Results: The directions for integrating MTS into a single digital platform of the enterprise, as well as recommendations for the transition to proactive supply management are proposed. Conclusions: A conclusion is made about the need for a systemic digital transformation of MTS to ensure the sustainability and competitiveness of the production activities of enterprises.

the purpose of this author's study is to comprehensively analyze the processes of digital transformation of the financial market of the Republic of Tajikistan in the period 2020-2024. The research methods used in writing this study include system analysis, statistical data processing, comparative analysis and economic and mathematical modeling. The main results obtained by the author while working on the article show that the digitalization of the financial sector of Tajikistan is characterized by uneven development of various segments, while the banking sector demonstrates the most dynamic pace of implementation of digital technologies. The main conclusions of this study indicate the need for a systematic approach to digital transformation, taking into account the specifics of the national economy and international experience. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of recommendations for improving the mechanisms of digitalization of the financial market of the Republic of Tajikistan.

in the context of the formation of an inclusive society, the educational system is becoming the most important space for the realization of the right to equal access to knowledge for all categories of the population, including people with disabilities. Inclusive education is no longer an exclusively social task and acquires an economic dimension, as it requires significant investments in infrastructure, training, digitalization of processes and adaptation of curricula. At the same time, it is through inclusion that the concept of long-term human capital development is realized, where each student becomes a subject of the social and economic process, and not an object of state guardianship. The purpose of this study is a comprehensive analysis of the economic aspects of inclusive education in modern Russia. The article considers both the direct costs of ensuring inclusion in educational institutions (including the costs of adapting the environment, paying tutors, and purchasing specialized materials) and the indirect costs associated with supporting the educational process, interdepartmental interaction, and ensuring digital accessibility. Special attention is paid to the issue of evaluating the effectiveness of such investments, including calculating the coefficient of social return on investment (SROI) in comparison with traditional education models. The study uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis methods, including the processing of official statistics, comparative regional analysis and expert assessment. The results of the analysis demonstrate that investments in inclusive education with proper organizational and methodological support are economically justified in the long term. The calculated coefficient of social return on investments in a number of regions of the Russian Federation exceeded the value of 2.4, which indicates a high degree of return on invested funds due to a decrease in social dependency, an increase in the tax base and the development of work activity of people with disabilities. Thus, inclusive education should be considered as a strategic direction of state policy, which has not only moral and social, but also clearly expressed economic value. The article forms a scientific and practical basis for substantiating appropriate management decisions and building an effective financial model for an inclusive education system.

the article examines the formation and development of the platform economy as a key phenomenon of the digital transformation of modern society. It is shown that digital platforms are becoming major actors in economic relations, creating new mechanisms for value creation and distribution, and significantly changing the nature of interaction between business, government, and society. Based on the analysis of statistical data, expert reports, and academic publications, the main directions of the impact of the platform economy on economic growth, the social sphere, and the institutional environment are identified. Particular attention is paid to the comparative analysis of international practices and the Russian experience. It was revealed that leading world economies demonstrate a high level of integration of platform business models into key industries, which provides them with sustainable competitive advantages. In Russia, the development of digital ecosystems is also observed in the fields of e-commerce, financial technologies, and public administration; however, it remains constrained by institutional and technological barriers. The social consequences of platformization are also considered, including the emergence of flexible forms of employment, expanded access to goods and services, as well as risks of income instability and growing social inequality. The study highlights the main challenges associated with market monopolization, dependence on global players, and the need to ensure digital sovereignty. It is concluded that the development of a comprehensive state policy aimed at stimulating innovation, supporting national digital ecosystems, and establishing effective regulatory mechanisms is necessary to minimize risks and maximize the opportunities of the platform economy.

in the modern educational space, the need to coordinate the economic performance of educational institutions with the requirements for the quality of the educational process is of particular importance. In conditions of budget constraints and increasing competition between educational institutions, the importance of accurate and universal performance criteria is increasing, allowing not only to measure results, but also to build management strategies. The article considers the issue of balance between economic indicators (costs, income, resource availability) and qualitative indicators (student success, satisfaction of participants in the process, innovation potential). Comparative parameters have been introduced to analyze how harmoniously economic rationality and educational goals are combined, and an approach to determining marginal efficiency from the point of view of the social mission of education has been proposed.

public-private partnership in the field of education is an innovative form of interaction between public institutions and private structures, providing resource, infrastructural and organizational strengthening of the educational environment. In the context of the transformation of socio-economic models, rapid digitalization and increasing demands on the quality of education, this form of cooperation is becoming particularly important. Special attention is paid to the sustainability and effectiveness of PPP in the framework of mixed financing, risk sharing, and increasing the managerial potential of educational institutions. The theoretical basis was scientific works in the field of educational economics, strategic management and project financing. The methodological framework is based on comparative-analytical and economic-statistical approaches. The results of the study demonstrate that successfully implemented PPP models in education not only optimize budget expenditures, but also significantly accelerate the modernization of educational infrastructure, help attract investment and create new forms of content. The conclusions emphasize the need to form a unified regulatory framework, increase the investment attractiveness of the industry and create incentives for businesses to cooperate with the government in the field of education for a long time.