Digitalization and institutional transformations in Russian-Iranian trade: new settlement mechanisms and electronic platforms

the article examines the key areas of digital and institutional transformation of Russian-Iranian foreign trade in the context of global geo-economic instability and sanctions pressure. Special attention is paid to the development of alternative settlement mechanisms – the transition from dollar schemes to settlements in national currencies, barter agreements and digital payment platforms. Based on the analysis of publications in Russian, English and Persian, the main barriers and driving forces of digitalization in trade and economic relations between the two countries have been identified. It is shown that the modern development of bilateral trade requires synchronization of legal norms, digital standards and logistics protocols. The integration of digital platforms was identified as a promising vector: electronic certification, blockchain logistics, and fintech settlement tools. The author concludes that digitalization can become not only a means of overcoming sanctions pressure, but also the basis for creating a stable system of mutual trade. The potential for deepening cooperation within the framework of the Free Trade Agreement between the EAEU and Iran was also identified. The results obtained can be used in the formation of strategic decisions in the field of foreign economic policy, as well as in the development of joint digital platforms for bilateral trade exchange.

import substitution, Russia, Iran, digitalization, electronic certification, electronic logistics, free trade area, EAEU