Vol 6, No 8 (2025)

the article examines methods for developing critical thinking in primary school students. The significance of an individual approach for the successful formation of critical thinking in younger learners is substantiated. Pedagogical conditions ensuring the effective application of these methods in the educational process are presented. The results of experimental work and recommendations for teaching practice are provided. In the context of the rapid modernization of the educational system, special attention is given to the development of critical thinking skills among primary school students as a foundation for successful learning and social adaptation. Modern lessons in the native language and reading are not only a means of developing speech competence but also serve as an important platform for shaping students' analytical, reflective, and conscious approach to processing information. However, there are challenges in implementing methods that contribute to the development of these skills, which highlights the need to improve pedagogical approaches and teaching technologies. The study employed both theoretical and empirical methods, including the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, observation, surveys, and a pedagogical experiment. The research was conducted among primary school students during native language and reading lessons. The obtained results confirmed the effectiveness of methods aimed at developing critical thinking in primary school students. Pupils in the experimental classes demonstrated higher levels of analytical skills, reasoning, and the ability to formulate conclusions compared to the control group. As a result of studying methods and approaches to developing critical thinking in primary school students, the significant impact of an individual approach on the formation of analytical skills and reasoning abilities was highlighted. The study involved 4th-grade students, during which a methodology aimed at fostering critical thinking in native language and reading lessons was tested. The findings confirmed the necessity of integrating active and learner-centered teaching methods into the educational process. The developed methodological recommendations can be useful for teachers in planning lessons that aim to cultivate students’ ability to think independently and reflectively.

in this article, the authors consider current issues of interaction between the teacher and the family in organizing home reading with children. The features of interaction between the teacher and the family in organizing home reading are highlighted. The article also presents the implementation of the project of interaction between the teacher and the family in organizing home reading. The authors analyze effective forms of interaction between teachers and parents aimed at forming a sustainable interest in reading, in books, and at developing reading literacy and reading culture. Particular attention is paid to methods of motivating children to listen to literary works, selecting literary works taking into account the age and individual characteristics of preschoolers, as well as the role of home reading in strengthening parent-child relationships. The article offers practical recommendations for teachers on organizing home reading with preschool children, including the use of digital resources and interactive forms of educating the future reader.

the article discusses the issues of scientific research activities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, defines the pedagogical conditions for the organization of scientific activities of teachers of educational units of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia at the federal, interregional, regional levels to engage in scientific activities. The purpose of the study is to comprehensively, taking into account the specifics of the power sphere of the implementation of educational professional training programs, to form and define the requirements that ensure the growth of skills in independent scientific activity of a teacher. The objectives of the research are: study, analysis, development of cognitive activity of the teacher, formation of information and legal competence. Ensuring the use of scientific knowledge in professional activities activates the ability to obtain information, ensures an increase in the level of education. A special feature of professional training of modern specialists is the formation of a level of awareness, perception and compliance with the law. Attention is paid to the real possibilities of applying conditions for the implementation of scientific research activities. The article considers ways to actualize the scientific component of the teacher's professional competence, his competence, which makes it possible to increase the level of competence, including among students. Research activities carried out by teachers ensure the manifestation of mental abilities and sociability, while the circle of acquaintances will significantly expand, and the teacher's activities will be improved.

the article discusses such concepts as: "motivation", "educational activity", and the authors describe the modern mathematics lesson, which, in turn, is a basic educational subject in the process of comprehensive student development. This scientific paper describes the results of a survey conducted among 5th grade students of schools in Ishim and Ishim district in order to identify factors contributing to the qualitative development of motivation for the subject under consideration. Today, rapid changes in the field of education have a significant impact on the development of schoolchildren, who do not always perceive such deformations positively, as a result of which they do not feel the desire to learn new things. The academic subject "Mathematics" is quite important in the school environment; the information acquired during its study is used by people on a daily basis, therefore, it is necessary to form a positive motivation for "Mathematics", which will be one of the many factors in solving the global problem – lack of interest in previously unknown, but useful. The research methodology is based on the analysis of theoretical propositions and empirical data. The theoretical basis was psychological, pedagogical, scientific and methodological research devoted to the disclosure of the concepts of "motivation", "educational activity", as well as the description of some features of the modern mathematics lesson. The empirical basis was the analysis of a survey conducted among 5th grade students in schools in Ishim and Ishim district, in order to identify factors contributing to the qualitative development of motivation for the subject under consideration. The obtained research results contribute to the identification of effective mechanisms for the formation of positive motivation for mathematics lessons, as well as the systematization of the most common mistakes in the learning and upbringing of 5th grade students. As a result of determining the features of the formation of positive motivation of 5th grade students to study the subject "Mathematics", attention was focused on the socio-psychological characteristics of children of the age period under consideration, as well as techniques and methods of teaching mathematics, which are actively used in Russian schools nowadays.

in the modern world, the development of artificial intelligence raises many discussions and questions. One of the main questions is: is artificial intelligea threat to critical thinking, or can it become a powerful tool for achieving success? Nowadays, the accelerated automation of processes and the growth of tasks create the need to train specialists with developed critical thinking in the successfully adapt to the modern labor market. This article gives the concept of critical thinking and artificial intelligence, examines the potential of the new technology. The role of critical thinking in education is necessary for understanding and analyzing ideas and arguments, evaluating their justifications, as well as for problem solving and decision-making. The purpose of automation and the development of generative artificial intelligence on the content and methods of the higher education system. The article presents the result of the conducted research, which was conducted on the basis of Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after K. Minin, Department of Information Systems and Digital Services in Management. The task of which was to find out how artificial intelligence affects critical thinking.

the article considers the features of coverage of the problems of formation and development of vocational education in China in Soviet and Russian pedagogical encyclopedias. The purpose of the article: to determine the boundaries of the problem-thematic coverage of materials presented in pedagogical encyclopedias on the problems of formation and development of vocational education in China; to identify trends characteristic of the presentation of the problems of vocational education in China in popular encyclopedic publications available to the mass readers. The empirical array of the study consisted of thematic articles posted in five encyclopedias of the second third of the twentieth – early XXI centuries, published in the period from 1929 to 2009. Based on the content-analytical study, it was established that the specialized encyclopedia of vocational education (1999) does not contain sufficient information on the topic. The encyclopedia of 1929 release characterizes the system of vocational education in China based on the criterion of "educational qualification"; The Pedagogical Encyclopedia (1965) provides an analysis of the consequences of the activities of the People's Communes in creating local systems of vocational education. The Pedagogical Encyclopedic Dictionary (2003) is limited to presenting the contents of the Confucian treatise "Liji". The most complete and systematic history of the development of vocational education in China is presented in the 2009 edition, which characterizes the development of vocational education based on an analysis of the concepts of "self-strengthening", "westernization", "self-reliance" and "new democratic pedagogy". The authors of the articles formulate the conclusion that compilers who focus on presenting the features of the manifestation of the spiritual culture of society through the training of personnel in various historical periods manage to overcome the fragmentary presentation of the problem while meeting the requirement of information saturation.

the article examines such concepts as: "social competence", "personal development", and the authors also present a description of teaching children the subject "World Around Us", which is one of the key mechanisms for developing many moral and positive qualities and various competencies, including social ones. The scientific work presents the results of an analysis of a survey among parents of primary school children (schools in the Ishim District) on the quality of teaching "World Around Us" and the content, as well as the benefits of the tools used to develop social competence in the context of studying the subject under consideration. One of the issues that is acutely facing the Russian Federation is the worthy upbringing of the younger generation, which in the future will have the opportunity and strength to qualitatively represent the interests of their homeland at the international level in various areas, for example, in politics. Thus, numerous changes are taking place in school education, each of which in one way or another has a special impact on the formation of certain skills and abilities of students. Today, due attention is paid to the formation of social competence, whose role is important not only during the period of communication with the outside world during schooling, but also in everyday life in general. This goal is achieved through a high-quality study of a large number of subjects, one of which is "The World Around Us". The research methodology is based on the analysis of theoretical provisions and empirical data. The theoretical basis was psychological, pedagogical and scientific and methodological studies devoted to the disclosure of the concepts of "social competence", "personal development", and the characteristics of teaching children in grades 1-4 the subject "The World Around Us". The empirical basis was the analysis of a survey conducted among parents of primary school children (schools in the Ishim District) about the quality of teaching "The World Around Us" and the content, as well as the benefits of the tools with which the formation of social competence is carried out within the framework of studying the subject in question. The obtained results of the study allow us to determine the most significant tools for the formation of social competence in the context of studying the "World Around Us", as well as to highlight the prospects for teaching this subject as a mechanism for the personal development of primary school students. As a result of determining the features of the formation of social competence of younger students in the process of studying the subject "World Around Us", attention was focused on modern methods and methods of teaching and education, as well as the specifics of the subject "World Around Us" in grades 1-4. As a result, an analysis of the survey conducted among parents of younger students (schools in the Ishim District) on the quality of teaching "World Around Us" and the content, as well as the benefits of the tools with which the formation of social competence is carried out in the context of studying the subject in question, was presented.

the article is devoted to the theoretical understanding of professional competence as a key category of pedagogical science in the context of modernization of the education system of the People's Republic of China. The relevance of the study is due to the need to improve the quality of training of teaching staff in the context of globalization, digitalization and reforms of higher education. The competence-based approach is becoming the dominant direction in China's educational policy, aimed at the formation of highly qualified, flexible and innovatively thinking specialists. The paper considers various interpretations of the concept of "professional competence" presented in Russian and foreign pedagogical literature, and identifies common and distinctive features in approaches to defining this phenomenon. Particular attention is paid to the structure of professional competencies, including cognitive (knowledge), activity (abilities and skills), motivational-value and personal-reflexive components. The article emphasizes that professional competence is not a static characteristic, but develops throughout the entire professional activity of a teacher, starting from the period of study at a university. Based on theoretical analysis, the author identifies the specifics of the formation of professional competencies in the Chinese system of higher pedagogical education, taking into account national traditions, educational standards, modernization strategies, as well as the cultural and social context. A conclusion is made about the need for a systematic approach to the development of professional competence of future teachers in China as a condition for improving the efficiency and quality of education in general. The results of the study can be used in the development of educational programs and methodological recommendations for universities.

the article examines the current situation and the main challenges faced by ethnic education in border regions in the context of ongoing reforms in the Russian education system. Based on the analysis of the regulatory framework, assessment of regional conditions and the activities of educational institutions focused on ethnocultural components, the main difficulties associated with the uneven distribution of resources, the implementation of language policy and the maintenance of ethnic identity are identified. It is emphasized that despite the official support for ethnic education at the state level, in real practice there remains an inconsistency in management approaches, insufficient adaptation to local specifics and the presence of educational imbalances. Particular emphasis is placed on the impact of digitalization and standardization of curricula, which, in some cases, negatively affect the preservation of the native language and cultural identity. Based on the results of the analysis, ways to improve the situation are proposed: development of bilingual education models, improvement of the professional level of teachers, implementation of localized educational solutions and expansion of cultural integration mechanisms aimed at forming a sustainable and inclusive ethnic educational policy in the conditions of modern Russia.

the research relevance is due to the increasing frequency and intensity of natural and man-made disasters accompanied by large fires in forests, high-rise buildings and industrial facilities with increased danger. The study of foreign experience in the use of intelligent technologies in the field of fire extinguishing can be useful for improving the work of Russian firefighters. The research goal is to systematize the existing foreign experience in the use of AI technologies in the activities of fire departments of the USA, Canada and Japan for firefighting in especially difficult conditions, to identify the most promising areas and opportunities for their adaptation in domestic practice. The following tasks were solved: an analysis of scientific literature on the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the USA, Canada and Japan for firefighting; specific examples of real operations of fire departments using intelligent technologies in the USA, Canada and Japan were studied; the main advantages and disadvantages of the use of intelligent technologies in the fire protection of the USA, Canada and Japan are revealed. In the course of the study methods were used: historiographical analysis of scientific literature on the topic under study; comparative analysis of foreign experience; as well as methods of scientific generalization and systematization. Based on the results, the following conclusions were formulated: The American experience of using unmanned aerial vehicles with computer vision algorithms proves high situational awareness due to the rapid assessment of fire and the identification of thermal anomalies. In Canada, the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in modeling fires and predicting the spread of fire has been confirmed. The Japanese experience is mainly based on the application of autonomous firefighting robots to work in hazardous environments.

interactive ("Inter" is mutual, "act" is to act) – means to interact, is in the mode of conversation, dialogue with someone. In other words, unlike active methods, interactive methods are focused on broader interaction of students not only with the teacher, but also with each other and on the dominance of student activity in the learning process. When implementing interactive learning, all students are involved in the process of cognition, joint activities of students with the teacher and other students are organized, knowledge, ideas, and ways of activity are exchanged. Interactive activity in the classroom involves the organization and development of students' communication skills (verbal and non-verbal communication), mutual understanding, and interaction. During interactive learning, students learn to think critically, solve complex problems based on an analysis of circumstances and relevant information, weigh different opinions, make thoughtful decisions, participate in discussions, and communicate with other people. The teacher's place in interactive lessons is reduced to the direction of students' activities to achieve the goals of the lesson.

the article attempts to identify the interaction of literature, linguistics, international relations and economics. The main task is for the student to read and understand texts freely, and most importantly, for this process to be enjoyable and joyful. Reading involves working on various types of texts: fiction, special, scientific literature, newspaper articles, essays, interviews, personal letters, speeches, which are accompanied by keys. These can be translations of the original into Russian, abstracts, terms in Russian, definitions and their Russian equivalents, language comments on the text, diagrams for effective understanding of the text, family trees, tests for the realities contained in the text, and information about famous people discussed in the text, as well as grammar tables.

the article is devoted to the analysis of the influence of social transformations of the last decades on the educational policy in the Republic of Crimea, focusing on the specifics of multinational education. The central place in the work is occupied by the consideration of the experience of outstanding representatives of the Crimean intelligentsia of the late XIX – early XX centuries, including E.L. Markov, I.I. Kazas and I. Gasprinsky. Their contribution to the reform of educational processes aimed at integrating national traditions and modern educational standards is analyzed.

this article examines the complex problems associated with the organization of vocational education for persons sentenced to imprisonment in the context of their subsequent re-socialization. The author conducts a detailed analysis of the professions available to convicts and their preferences in the professional field. Special attention is paid to identifying and systematizing the difficulties faced by convicts in the process of mastering new professional competencies. The methodological basis of the study includes an analysis of regulatory legal acts regulating vocational education of convicts, as well as empirical data obtained as a result of questionnaires and interviews with representatives of this target group. As a result of the conducted research, key barriers preventing effective professional training of convicts were identified and recommendations for overcoming them were proposed. The article contributes to the development of the theory and practice of resocialization of convicts, offering scientifically based approaches to the organization of vocational education in penitentiary institutions. The research results can be used to develop and improve educational programs aimed at increasing the competitiveness of convicts in the labor market after release.

the purpose of the article is to understand the experience of Altai State Pedagogical University in implementing an additional general education program for foreign Russian scholars "Cultural and cognitive space of the Russian world" in the strategy of continuing education (adult self-education). The program was implemented in May-June 2025 under the auspices of the International Teachers Association of Russian Language and Literature (ITARLL) with the support of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. The main focus of the work is on the substantive component of the project and didactic aspects in the formation of skills among foreign Russian speakers who have already received higher education. The six thematic blocks that were mastered by the students are presented in detail: Russian linguistic personality, concept, communicative behavior, frame, and the Russian linguistic worldview were studied in theory. The research methods are analysis, generalization and description. The possibilities of practical application of the materials and research results may include the annual repetition of the additional general education program "Cultural and cognitive space of the Russian World" for foreign Russian speakers, as well as the thematic continuation of methodological support for students, the development of new programs and the creation of methodological associations for Russian speakers from different countries.

in the modern socio-cultural space of our country, there is an innovative multimedia complex that radically transforms the approach to studying many subjects of the socio-humanitarian cycle. "Historical Park "Russia – My History" is an unprecedented project of immersion in the annals of the state through interactive technologies and multimedia expositions. The foundation of the exposition is made up of exclusive digital reconstructions of archival documents, a significant part of which until recently was inaccessible to the general public and kept under strict secrecy classification. Unique materials are provided by leading national archival repositories, including the State Archives of the Russian Federation, the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, the Central Archive of the FSB, the State Archive of Film and Photo Documents and the Central Museum of Contemporary History of Russia. The multimedia historical park "Russia – My History" is a unique educational resource that can be effectively used in studying the subject module "Fundamentals of the Spiritual and Moral Culture of the Peoples of Russia". The innovative educational potential of this park opens up unique opportunities for a deep and multifaceted study of the declared subject module.

the article analyzes the educational process in professional education organizations and examines the most successful mechanisms for organizing the process of developing students’ creativity. It lists various types of activities used in the pedagogical practice of the secondary vocational education system. It presents the experience of educational institutions in effectively organizing the process of developing students’ creativity. It shows their role and significance in understanding the importance of organizing the process of developing creativity, modernizing the means and methods of practical training in a professional educational organization. It indicates the various positions of researchers on the problem of organizing students’ practical training. This article attempts to identify and characterize the real possibilities of pedagogical practice of professional training in a professional educational organization in terms of using the most successful pedagogical technologies in organizing the process of developing students’ creativity, and provides examples of effective activities in this direction.

it is impossible to study the Chinese language without taking into account the history and culture of the people, so attention to hieroglyphic writing and the gradual development of hieroglyphic writing skills in students is an essential condition for successful language acquisition in the future. There are various methods of teaching hieroglyphic writing, despite this, the topic still remains relevant. The article discusses modern trends in the methodology of teaching Chinese characters at the initial stage of learning. Emphasis is placed on the integration of multimedia technologies and gaming methods that contribute to a deeper perception of the material and increased motivation for students. The main difficulties faced by teachers and students are also highlighted: the difficulty of memorizing hieroglyphs, differences in grammar and phonetics compared to other languages, as well as a lack of resources for practice. Recommendations are offered for overcoming these difficulties and improving the educational process.

the article reveals the main aspects of the formation of a research culture in higher education institutions. The importance is shown and the key competencies that can be developed in students with a well-formed research culture are identified. The purpose of the work is to analyze the current state of research culture among students and develop recommendations for its improvement. To achieve this goal, a survey of students was conducted. As a result of the research, key factors contributing to the development of a research culture were identified. One of them is the educational environment, which should be inclusive, supportive, flexible, and innovative. In such an environment, students should have access to modern educational technologies, diverse learning resources, and opportunities for practical application of knowledge. Students' motivation also plays an important role in shaping a research culture, as it directly influences their willingness to take an active part in research activities and strive for high academic standards. Mentoring from experienced teachers and researchers was also noted as an important factor that helps students master the knowledge and skills necessary for further education and their subsequent use in their professional careers. The authors conclude that the formation of a research culture among students is an important task that requires an integrated approach and the active participation of all stakeholders – from educational institutions to the students themselves.

this article examines in detail the concept of socio-cultural activities as a key component of the process of organizing the leisure life of citizens, aimed at meeting and developing their cultural needs, as well as providing conditions for personal self-realization. The author focuses on the fact that the main task of socio-cultural activities is to organize meaningful and rational leisure time for students, contributing to the disclosure of their abilities and providing opportunities for creative self-improvement.

the article focuses on the individualization of the educational environment for bilingual primary school students. In the current sociocultural context of Russia, characterized by an increasing number of students for whom Russian is not a native language, the creation of an adaptive educational environment is becoming particularly relevant. The theoretical section analyzes pedagogical approaches to individualization and models of support for bilingual young learners. The empirical base of the study includes three schools in the Voronezh region implementing programs that take into account the bilingual background of their students. The research employed methods such as surveys, document analysis, and participant observation. The results are presented in a table that identifies factors that facilitate or hinder effective individualization. This article may be of interest to educators, school methodologists, teacher trainers, and curriculum developers. Research aim – to analyze theoretical approaches and conduct an empirical study of the individualization of the educational environment for bilingual primary school students in order to identify effective pedagogical conditions and methods that support successful language and educational adaptation in a multilingual setting. Research objectives: - to examine the current state and key theoretical concepts of bilingualism and educational individualization in primary education based on Russian and international studies; - to analyze pedagogical technologies applied to support bilingual students in the context of an individualized educational process; - to carry out an empirical study of the educational environment and the specific needs of bilingual students in selected schools in the Voronezh region; - to identify key factors influencing the successful adaptation and learning of bilingual children, and to assess the effectiveness of the applied teaching methods; - to formulate recommendations for organizing an individualized educational environment for bilingual students in primary school. The object of the study is schoolchildren for whom Russian is a non – native language. The subject of the study is the individual characteristics of their speech behavior in educational and daily communication.

the article shows the relevance of training specialists in the field of design and operation of industrial robots – devices that work according to a given program and perform movement, displacement and control within the production process. Industrial robots are used in almost all industries and perform many functions, relieving people of monotonous and hard work. The peculiarity of an industrial robot is that it is not the only equipment, but is part of a robotic technical complex (RTC) connected into a single control network. Therefore, high demands are placed on specialists working in the field of RTC integration. This is due to the complexity and versatility of the tasks facing them, including both design and programming, as well as setup, testing and commissioning of robotic complexes. The article analyzes the state of training specialists in the field of RTC integration in accordance with the requirements of the labor market and technological trends in the development of robotics and mechatronics. It is shown that training is implemented within the framework of educational programs of leading technical higher educational institutions of the world and Russia, as well as in the system of secondary specialized and additional education. The validity of including educational robotics in primary, basic and high school programs is emphasized. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that for more effective involvement of future specialists in the field of scientific and technical creativity, it is necessary to develop a set of measures and methodological recommendations for improving the education system in the field of robotics, mechatronics and programming, which are based on the development and implementation of joint educational programs with industrial enterprises. In conclusion, the main forms of training in the direction of RTC integration are given, such as practical classes, trainings, creative projects, the use of real project assignments from companies, training for tasks, advanced training, cross-functional training.

the topic "Innovative Interactive Methods of Teaching Russian to Students in a Different Linguocultural Environment" explores modern and effective approaches to teaching the Russian language to students who come from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds. The research focuses on interactive methods, such as gamification, project-based learning, multimedia tools, and communicative activities that enhance student engagement and improve language acquisition. Special attention is given to adapting teaching strategies to suit different cultural contexts and fostering intercultural communication skills alongside language proficiency. The article examines the pedagogical conditions for implementing a competency-based approach to teaching Russian at a technical university. The subject of the study is a three-level model for developing professional competencies in engineering students using computer graphics. The aim of the study was to identify and experimentally verify the effectiveness of organizational-methodological, technological, and didactic conditions for implementing the competency-based approach. The research methodology is based on a comprehensive approach using a pedagogical experiment conducted at three technical universities. The main result of the study is a developed and tested model for implementing the competency-based approach, which includes a modular course structure integrated into the Moodle system and project-based learning. Тhe results obtained are applicable in the system of higher technical education when designing a course, as well as in the development of professional development programs for faculty. The scientific novelty of the study lies in a systematic approach to the formation of professional competencies through the integration of traditional and innovative teaching methods, taking into account the individual characteristics of students and the requirements of modern production.