Vol 5, No 6 (2025)

the article "The Influence of Greekisms on the Terminology of English Economics" explores the historical processes of integrating Greek borrowings into the English language, focusing on economic terminology. The aim of the study is to identify historical periods of the introduction of Greekisms, analyze the factors contributing to their spread, and thematically examine literary and scientific sources where these terms are used to describe economic concepts. The research methods include corpus analysis of terms, structural analysis, case studies, as well as percentage and quantitative counting. The results show that Greekisms have actively entered the English language through five historical periods: Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance, Enlightenment, and Modern. A total of 78 Greekisms were identified in economic terminology, of which 25 belong to general vocabulary, 12 to interdisciplinary vocabulary, and 16 to highly specialized vocabulary. The conclusions emphasize the scientific and international nature of Greekisms, their high frequency of use, and their influence on the development of English economic terminology.

taking into account the fact that fundamental studies in the field of lexicology of the Russian language, conducted by such scientists as V.V. Vinogradov, Yu.S. Sorokin, and F.P. Filin, were published several decades ago, the work aimed at studying the lexical and semantic system of the Russian language is gaining exceptional relevance and scientific significance. This article presents a comprehensive methodology for determining the functional weight of words within the framework of parametric vocabulary analysis based on the material of narrative prose. This article presents a comprehensive methodology for determining the functional weight of words within the framework of parametric vocabulary analysis based on the material of narrative prose. The choice of narrative as the main object of analysis is justified by such a key factor as its ability to reflect and transmit cultural values, historical experience and collective consciousness. The study demonstrates a holistic approach to the study of the lexical system, which includes several successive stages: from the formation of a dictionary and the creation of its electronic concordance to the identification of unmarked vocabulary and interpretation of the data obtained. Considerable attention is paid to the detailed description of the author's methodological innovations and research techniques. The developed methodology and the results obtained are of significant interest to specialists in the field of historical lexicology and can serve as a basis for further scientific research in this field.

as you know, speech is an oral and written manifestation of language, which is the most important means of communication and information transmission. Speech is a human activity that uses language to communicate with one or more people. The main task of speech is the exchange of information and the transmission of information. The most important feature that distinguishes it from written language is that it serves direct communication. The choice of words, consideration of personal and other aspects of the listener, the development of tone, emotionality, the use of gestures, etc. are the main conditions of speech. Historical sources show that since ancient times, people with meaningful, imaginative, clear, concise and effective speech have always been highly valued by society. The beauty of speech, the ways and means of mastering it have always been at the center of attention of great personalities. Public speaking, which is an integral part of public speaking, is a speech delivered in front of an audience. These speeches require each speaker to have knowledge of the laws of rhetoric and strict mastery of its terms. The ability to speak plays a very important role in a person’s life. Speaking is a skill that allows us to communicate with others and discover people’s talents. With its help, a person can quickly transfer their knowledge and thoughts, choose the most appropriate words to express their feelings, learn to trust their own ideas and pose problems. Correct and perfect speech in the process of communication plays the role of the foundation and the main foundation of the culture of oral speech. The article analyzes many psychological factors that cause anxiety when preparing for public speaking, and recommends solutions.

this paper examines the semantic and pragmatic aspects of multi-component terms in the Formula 1 motorsport series. These terms are composed of several words or abbreviations to accurately describe highly specialized concepts, different systems, rules and technical solutions. Multi-component terms are complex lexical nominative units consisting of two or more words combined into a stable nominative terminological construction. The study analyzed their structural features, including compositional complexity, grammatical organization and hierarchical structure. Special attention is paid to semantic characteristics of multi-component terms, such as specialized meaning, polysemy, homonymy, metaphorical and metonymic transfers. In addition, the influence of the English language on the formation of motorsport terminology is noted. The analysis shows that Formula 1 terminology is a dynamically developing system reflecting technical innovations and communicative needs of the participants of motorsport discourse. The results of the study can be useful for linguists, specialists in the field of terminology, sports journalism and technical translation.

the article deals with grammatical peculiarities of Quranic realia transmission in the Russian translation of the Quran made by I.Yu. Krachkovsky. The analysis is carried out within the framework of the structural approach with a focus on the grammatical representation of religious and cultural concepts that have no exact equivalents in the target language. The main types of realia are distinguished: nominative, idafic, masdar and verbal. Special attention is paid to the mechanisms of particle and syntactic transformations compensating for interlingual differences. It is established that the translator preserves the grammatical structure of the original within the norms of the Russian language, resorting to descriptive and adaptive means to ensure pragmatic and semantic equivalence of sacred concepts.

the article provides a comprehensive study of the principles of song cycle formation in the works of Vladimir Vysotsky. Cyclization is considered as a significant aspect of the structure and content of his artistic heritage. The author analyzes the unique features of Vysotsky's cycles, which differ from traditional musical and poetic forms, and identifies the main mechanisms that determine their creation. Based on a detailed analysis of the texts and the context of their origin and execution, the key principles of cyclization are identified: thematic unity (for example, "military" or "mountaineering" cycles), the presence of end-to-end characters, the development of narrative, the commonality of genre and style, as well as the use of repetitive motifs and images. It is emphasized that the formation of cycles often took place not only according to the author's will, but also in the process of performance and perception by listeners, reflecting Vysotsky's systematic approach to understanding reality. The study demonstrates that cyclization allowed Vysotsky to deepen themes, create complex artistic worlds, and enhance the emotional impact of his songs. The vast corpus of his songs, which functioned mainly in the oral environment and tape culture, is still the subject of close study by literary critics, cultural scientists, musicologists and linguists. The article discusses the principles of song cycle formation in the works of Vladimir Vysotsky. The article analyzes the specifics of cyclization in relation to the song form, taking into account its syncretism and the predominantly oral nature of its existence in the context of the author's performance. The basic principles of combining songs are identified and described in detail: thematic, figurative, narrative, as well as contextual and performative, which are of particular importance for songwriting. It is shown that Vysotsky's cyclization is a complex interaction of these principles, forming stable semantic and structural units that allow us to better understand the artistic system of the poet-bard and the multidimensionality of his creative heritage.

the article examines the aspects of intonation and melodification of the poem, examines the parameters of the specifics of the syntactic construction of the text. The research methodology is presented by a review of the researchers' scientific papers on the issue under discussion, using methods of statistical, phonosemantic analysis, as well as the functional-semantic method. The leading research method is the comparative method, which allows tracing the intersections and coincidences of linguistic laws. The results of the scientific work present conclusions about the coincidence of the laws of musical and poetic form of a lyrical work, which presents a prospect for further research.

medical translation is one of the most complicated areas for translation due to the many internal nuances accompanying translation activities in this area. At the same time, the importance of correct translation of texts and speech in the field of medicine is especially high, since medicine performs one of the most important social and humanitarian functions – it preserves the life and health of people. This article is devoted to the study of the features of medical translations from English into Russian. In the process of analyzing scientific and theoretical materials in the field of translation studies and linguistics, as well as through a comparative linguistic analysis of language units in two languages, key technical features of translating medical texts and oral speech are identified; the features of composing translations depending on the addressee are studied. The results of the study confirmed that working with complex, highly specialized terms, abbreviations, acronyms, borrowings from other languages, and other differences in non-standardized medical lexis make medical translations one of the most specific and complicated areas of translation, which requires a high level of competence from the translator and the presence of not only linguistic, but also professional knowledge in the medical field.

the present article deals with the translation peculiarities of publicistic text from English into Russian. The author examines the general features of a publicistic text and its functions, defines “translation transformation”, refers to V.N. Komissarov's classification of translation transformations, and analyzes practical examples based on this classification. The results of the study show that in order to overcome difficulties of translation, it is necessary to know the main translation techniques and ways of transmitting information into the target language, i.e. know the basics, techniques, and ways of converting units at the lexical, grammatical, and stylistic levels.

this article examines the presentation of the content of the emotional concept of pity in Russian and Chinese paroemias. By means of a complex method, a layer of synonymous concepts of the emotional concept of pity is shown, different variants of emotional situations of pity are described, figurative and axiological understanding of the emotional concept of pity in Russian and Chinese paroemiology are revealed. The results of the study show that the emotional concept of pity is closely associated with compassion, sympathy, sadness, love, mercy, contempt, and is metaphorically displayed through physical states and real prototypes in the paroemiological fund. And different situations when expressing a feeling of pity make up a good and negative assessment.

the study focuses on analyzing strategies and methods for translating culturally marked vocabulary in promotional materials about red tourism in Hebei Province into Russian, based on the theory of intercultural communication. Through qualitative and comparative analysis of texts, including brochures, guidebooks, and informational materials, the characteristics of culturally marked vocabulary are identified and classified into social, material, linguistic, and ecological categories. Translation strategies such as foreignization and domestication, as well as methods including transliteration, direct translation, free translation, and translation with explanatory notes, are examined. The results demonstrate that a combined approach, integrating foreignization with explanatory notes and domestication, is the most effective in achieving clarity, cultural adequacy, and emotional impact, aligning with principles of intercultural communication. The study highlights the role of explanatory notes as a universal tool for minimizing cultural barriers. These recommendations aim to improve translation quality and strengthen intercultural dialogue between Russia and China.

this article explores A.P. Chekhov's short story "A Day in the Country" through the prism of rhematic dynamics and the use of emotive verbs, which convey the inner experiences of the characters and enrich the emotional palette of the work. The author of the article analyzes how Chekhov not only describes the events of the children's country trip, but also creates a multi-layered perception of the text through the subtle use of emotionally colored vocabulary. Special attention is paid to the connection between the beginning and the end of the story with its plot through the temporal and spatial structure, as well as the symbolism of natural phenomena. The study shows that emotive verbs embedded in the rhymes of sentences set a specific rhythm for the development of the plot and ensure the continuity of the emotional narrative line. Thus, the analysis of the rhematic structure and emotive vocabulary in the story allows us to better understand the artistic style of A.P. Chekhov and identify patterns of functioning of emotionally colored linguistic units in the Russian literary language.