No 11 (2025)

the article is devoted to a comparative analysis of discursive markers (DMs) of humor in Russian and German humorous discourse. The aim of the study is to identify universal and culture-specific linguopragmatic mechanisms for creating a comic effect. The material consisted of a corpus of 300 jokes (150 Russian and 150 German), selected by continuous sampling from joke collections and Internet resources. The work employed methods of contextual and comparative analysis. The results showed that while generally following the “setup – climax – punchline” model, the two linguocultures demonstrate different frequencies of using specific types of DMs. A conclusion is made about the most common particles in the jokes of the two studied linguocultures and their functional significance in the joke. The scientific novelty lies in the first attempt at a systematic comparison of humor DMs in these linguocultures. The obtained data contribute to discourse theory, cultural linguistics, and the theory of humor.

this article explores the dynamics of the semantic field "purity" in the Russian language under the influence of digitalization and internet discourse. The aim of the work is to identify and analyze specific changes in the structure and content of this field at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries. To achieve this goal, a diachronic analysis was applied based on data from the National Corpus of the Russian Language (NCRL), including corpora of Soviet journalism, blogs, and social media. The research tasks included reconstructing the historical evolution of the field, identifying new meanings and semantic nuances actualized on the internet, and determining the role of the online environment as a catalyst for semantic transformations. The study found that internet discourse has led to a reduction in the sacral and moral component, an expansion of ecological semantics, the formation of a digital microfield (e.g., "clean code," "digital hygiene"), hybridization of meanings, and changes in antonymic relations. The practical application of the research results is seen in the fields of linguistic expertise, teaching Russian, as well as in digital marketing and communications for more precise audience targeting.

yhis article presents an analysis of the communication strategies and tools used by Azerbaijani media resources in interacting with the Russian information space during the specified period. The introduction justifies the relevance of the study, as cross-border information impact takes center stage in today’s globalized media environment. It emphasizes the importance of examining the peculiarities of perception and the formation of public opinion in the context of cross-cultural communications between Azerbaijan and Russia. The methodological section of the article is based on a comprehensive approach that combines methods of content analysis, comparative research, and syntactic analysis of media texts. Special attention is given to the data sample, which encompasses the main Azerbaijani news portals, as well as the methods of coding and systematizing the identified communication tools. This allows for the formation of a reliable basis for empirical analysis. The results section demonstrates that Azerbaijani media resources actively employ various strategies aimed at harmonizing their image and strengthening mutual understanding with the Russian audience. Trends have been identified towards the use of adaptive and strategic influence mechanisms, including those for positively presenting events, effectively using metaphorical symbolism, and employing rhetorical devices to create a trustworthy atmosphere. The study’s results indicate that the targeted construction of the information field based on cultural and historical factors contributes to the formation of a stable media representation of the parties.

the aim of the study is to analyze the metaphorical representation of the concept ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING in linguodidactic discourse based on the works of Jeremy Harmer. The relevance of the research is determined by the significance of metaphor as a key tool for conceptualizing pedagogical experience and by the insufficient investigation of its concrete realizations in professional methodological literature. The focus is on conceptual metaphors systematized within the framework of cognitive modeling. The study employed the method of continuous sampling of metaphorical expressions from Harmer’s linguodidactic works, the method of conceptual analysis, and the method of cognitive interpretation aimed at identifying and systematizing key metaphorical models and reconstructing the mechanisms of conceptualizing pedagogical experience. The analyzed conceptual metaphors reflect the basic human experience of interacting with the world, which allows abstract pedagogical categories to be comprehended in terms of concrete physical and social activities, thereby revealing their cognitive potential. The multidimensionality of the identified models confirms the thesis that conceptual metaphor is an effective means of creating imagery and shaping the teacher’s professional worldview. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying its results for both scientific and educational purposes: when developing theoretical and practical courses on the issues of cognitive linguistics, linguodidactics, and professional discourse interpretation.

culturally connotative words are words-realia, the primary meaning of which is usually common to two or more languages, but these words have special additional meanings or co-meanings based on cultural and historical associations. These are usually neutral words, supplemented, however, for a native speaker, by emotional or aesthetic associations. Culturally connotative words prevail in poetry and in works of oral creativity, where their aesthetic function, emotional and allegorical meaning are especially clearly revealed. Nominative units with cultural connotations can be classified according to the subject principle (type of the original nominative meaning) and divided into the following groups: designations of animals, birds, plants, colors, numbers, folklore images, anthroponyms, toponyms and theonyms.

chinese women's literary creativity has a long history, with clear evidence dating back to the Book of Songs of the early Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC). This article systematically examines the development of women's creativity in China from the early Zhou Dynasty, through the Republic of China period to the present day and systematically examines the features of its historical evolution. In terms of creative form, women's creativity has undergone a multifaceted evolution from oral transmission to written text and even modern online creativity; in terms of creative content, it demonstrates a gradual transition from self-expression under the restrictions of traditional patriarchal society to the conscious awakening of female subjectivity and the active formation of a free and independent spirit. This study not only illuminates the historical landscape of women's writing in Chinese literary history but also provides a unique perspective for understanding the painful process of spiritual growth and cultural identity formation of Chinese women and has a profound impact on contemporary gender culture and literary creativity.

the Tang Dynasty is rightfully considered the golden era of Chinese poetry. It was during this period that the fundamental principles and aesthetic ideals that determined the further development of the Chinese poetic tradition were laid. This article is devoted to the features of the poetics of Li He (790-816), an outstanding Chinese poet of the Tang Dynasty, whose work is still insufficiently covered in domestic literature study. Despite his extraordinary talent, he was unable to enter government service due to bureaucratic obstacles. This aggravated his plight and influenced his work. Li He's poetry is distinguished by a dark, fantastic style, saturated with images of death, demons and the other world. He used unusual metaphors, alliterations and assonances, creating a unique, memorable language. Despite his short life, Li He had a significant influence on Chinese poetry, his work was appreciated and studied by subsequent generations of poets. This study aims to fill the gap in understanding the significance of Li He's poetry for Chinese and world literature and to promote further study of his legacy. The work provides a stylistic analysis of Li He's poetic language, revealing some of his characteristic means of expression, as well as motifs and images.

in the era of digitalization, big data from social media has become a valuable resource for analyzing and predicting public opinion. This article is devoted to a comprehensive study of key phenomena inherent in media data and their role in building accurate predictive models. The focus is on phenomena such as content virality, the formation of information cascades, the dynamics of network discourses, and the identification of latent topics using thematic modeling methods. We examine in detail how these phenomena, extracted from massive unstructured data (texts, likes, reposts), serve as predictive indicators for assessing moods and trends in society. To this end, we apply a combination of machine learning methods (including sentiment analysis and clustering) and network analysis. In conclusion, the article discusses the potential ethical challenges and limitations associated with the use of big data and suggests possible avenues for the development of this interdisciplinary field of research.

the object of the presented research is an English-language online consumer review of perfumery products, and the subject of the study is discursive hybridity as a cognitive-pragmatic category presented in this review. The aim of the work is to identify and analyze cases of discursive hybridity based on the existing classification of types of discourse. At the first stage, a sample analysis of representative examples is presented. At the second stage, a targeted selection is presented based on the material of two fragrances (Dior Sauvage and Chanel No. 5 EDP). The selection criteria for the fragrances were their popularity and cultural significance. Primary and secondary representations of discursive types within the review texts are identified. The phenomena of homogeneous and heterogeneous discursive hybridity, as well as the hybridization of pragmatic genres, are described, forming a basis for classifying English-language online reviews of perfumes. Representative examples of discursive types are considered. An analysis of specific cases based on online reviews of two fragrances is presented. For the first time, the classification of discourses was applied to the microgenre of online reviews, which demonstrates its universality. The results of the study indicate that heterogeneous hybridity serves as a powerful pragmatic tool for creating the effect of persuasiveness. The presented analysis model can be used to further study the online review as a microgenre.

in the article, the author examines the results of convergence of various types of media formats in a network environment. The article examines the visual component of the leading Russian online publications, such as Rbc.ru , Russian.rt.com , Gazeta.ru , Lenta.ru , News.ru . As a result of the study, it was revealed that all online media for classic illustrations of journalistic materials include content from the database of photo banks and news agencies, some use images generated using artificial intelligence. In addition to photographs and illustrations, online media editors most often use information graphics and videos. The author also examines in detail the concepts of convergence and multimedia. The dominant trends in the development of online publications include the desire for multimedia and a variety of visual information formats, which makes it possible to effectively attract and retain the attention of the target audience.

the thematic groups of colloquial verbs differ significantly in terms of content from similar groups in the standard language. In the latter case synonymy is possible rather as an exception but not as a rule. In the non-standard domain the asymmetry of signification results in semantic redundancy of non-standard verbs. This redundancy at the level of speech realization is removed due to the textual connections of the word and consituation. In speech situations such features of colloquial units as stylistic simplification, negative /positive assessment and familiar (pejorative, vulgar, etc.) expression are also manifested. The most numerous of the colloquial units are inherent in the most extensive thematic groups, the quantitative composition of which indicates the importance of these concepts for native speakers. The linguistic units of the vernacular vocabulary differ not so much in semantic shades of meaning as in the degree of expressiveness and imagery, thus the speaker refers to the vernacular vocabulary as the most expressive compared to the standard one. Numerous synonymic series indicate that lexical synonymy in the vernacular language is its characteristic phenomenon and constitutes one of its specific features.

this article investigates the impact of syntactic typology on the emotive and persuasive potential of contemporary media discourse. The study's relevance stems from the growing significance of media in a globalized world and the consequent need to understand the mechanisms underpinning effective intercultural communication. The research employs a contrastive analysis to examine the syntactic strategies utilized in news headlines and advertising slogans in Russian and Turkish. The findings elucidate the characteristics of these distinct communicative models. The results possess practical value for the fields of linguistics, translation studies, and cross-cultural marketing, offering insights that can optimize the creation and adaptation of media content for Russian-speaking and Turkish-speaking audiences.

the article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of "Internet aesthetics" as a product of digital communication. The object of the analysis is a corpus of 35 names of aesthetics that have become widespread in the English-speaking segment of the Internet. The aim of the work is to identify the linguistic mechanisms of aesthetics formation, classify the cultural narratives underlying them and determine their discursive functions in the context of digital identity construction. In the course of the research, the methods of discourse analysis, linguocultural and structural-semantic analysis were used. The results demonstrate that Internet aesthetics function as complex semiotic constructs that mediate the key collective aspirations and anxieties of modern digital culture through ready-made scenarios of self-expression. The scientific novelty lies in the systematization of an extensive body of aesthetics and the identification of the basic narrative models that they represent.

the article examines the concept of labor education in Russian pedagogical systems, identifies the prospects for its development in modern education. The role of labor education as a key factor in personality formation, socialization and professional self-determination of students is shown. Special attention is paid to the relevance of using pedagogical experience in modernizing modern labor education systems. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the article systematizes the analysis of the problems of labor education in classical pedagogy (K.D. Ushinsky, S.A. Rachinsky, S.T. Shatsky, A.S. Makarenko and V.A. Sukhomlinsky), identifies patterns and specific features, and defines the functions and tasks of labor education. As a result of the research, the author points out the need to integrate traditional methods of labor education with modern educational technologies. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of applying the research results to improve the organization of labor education in educational institutions.

the article explores the theoretical and practical dimensions of implementing interactive technologies within the modern educational system, with a particular focus on preschool learning. It is emphasized that in the context of educational modernization until 2030, interactive methods play a crucial role. The study highlights the pedagogical contributions of M. Montessori, as well as other prominent educators (K.D. Ushinsky, A.S. Makarenko, J.A. Comenius, V.A. Sukhomlinsky), who emphasized the importance of visual and play-based tools in teaching. Their ideas are shown to resonate in today’s smart technologies, including interactive whiteboards, mobile planetariums, interactive sandboxes, robotics sets, electronic constructors, and digital gaming platforms. The paper presents a functional classification of interactive tools (educational, diagnostic, instrumental, subject-oriented, and others), alongside diverse learning formats (individual, group, frontal, planetary, etc.). Special attention is given to the positive impact of interactive technologies on the development of cognitive processes, such as attention mobilization, information perception, thinking activation, and practical skill formation. The article concludes that effective integration of smart technologies requires professional pedagogical guidance, which not only enhances the quality of the educational process but also supports personality development and the successful social adaptation of learners.

the article is devoted to the study of the readiness of teachers in Makhachkala to implement the distance learning process. The key aspects of digitalization of education, the challenges facing teachers, and the identified problems in the implementation of distance technologies are considered. The article presents the results of a sociological survey conducted among teachers of Makhachkala, assessing their readiness for distance learning. The authors propose specific measures to eliminate the identified shortcomings aimed at modernizing the teacher training system and ensuring effective organization of distance learning. Examples of successful practices and proposals for further development of distance education in the region are given.

the trend of recent years in education has been the large-scale introduction of ICT (information and communication technologies) into the educational process, which ultimately helps to achieve fundamentally new results in the study of foreign and non-native languages. Educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan are increasingly attracting digital educational resources that combine reserves and opportunities for training and development of speech activity, including in Russian. The complementarity of digital and traditional technologies in the processes of language learning has a positive effect on the development of new didactic approaches in teaching oral and written speech. During the writing of the article, an experimental study was conducted, during which it was found that students who used Internet resources in their studies show better results in speaking (learning) than those students who study according to traditional teaching methods.

the article explores the problem of updating moral and aesthetic education in higher education. The aim is to identify and systematize the moral-aesthetic potential of modern music of various genres (from academic avant-garde to popular and electronic genres) for its subsequent use in the university educational process. The methodological basis is hermeneutic analysis, which allows interpreting the semantic layers and value messages of musical works. As a result of the research, a typology of modern music based on the criterion of dominant moral-aesthetic potential (protest, reflective, hedonistic, spiritual, etc.) is proposed. Practical recommendations for integrating analysis materials into academic courses and extracurricular activities are developed. It is concluded that modern music, being a relevant language of youth culture, is an effective resource for dialogue with the student audience on the topics of ethics and aesthetics.

the article examines the implementation of micro-module technology in teaching business writing in a foreign language to students of a technical university. Special attention is given to the practical aspects of applying this approach to develop students’ skills in composing business correspondence on various topics, with the overarching goal of preparing competitive professionals able to adapt to the changing demands of the labor market. The paper presents the results of an experimental study and their evaluation using methods of mathematical statistics. It also discusses the main challenges and prospects of applying micro-module technology in teaching business writing to future engineers. The study highlights the specific features of teaching the discipline «foreign language» and its applied component «business foreign language» in a technical university context. The research employed materials from the electronic textbook «Practicum in Business Foreign-Language Written Communication», which is currently under development and based on the principles of micro-module technology.

the growing popularity of the sport of Obstacle Racing, the interest of students in participating and physically preparing for competitions, and the goal set by the Government for the development of sports are actualizing research issues on the selection of rational methods and means of organizing the training process. The purpose of this study is to determine the rational load distribution during training activities and, in particular, the development of high-speed endurance among students during the running stages of competitions. The objectives of the study were to determine a set of tools and methods for organizing training. The research methods are the analysis of modern scientific research works, pedagogical practices and experience in the development of speed endurance, physical diagnostics, mathematical statistics, and pedagogical experiment. The conclusions obtained were the following conclusions: a study of the rational distribution of training load for students competing in obstacle races showed that the method of alternating exercises of different intensity in training is most effective for developing speed endurance at running stages, while the means used in the form of exercises performed in series with high intensity lead to increased speed endurance.

our society is in constant development, so scientific, technical and educational programs must follow these changes in order to prepare future specialists for the standards required by the needs of society. An educational cluster in the field of informatics can be formed both independently and on an interdisciplinary basis, by involving students in interdisciplinary projects, helping them to develop a number of skills necessary for future interdisciplinary scientific research of various processes in the world around us, as well as to develop specific skills in the analysis and identification of systems. This article examines the role of information technology in the modern world, its influence in expanding software resources in the field of education and the development of science in general. The authors of this publication emphasize the feasibility of developing relevant information technology skills and the need to implement an interdisciplinary approach in the traditional curriculum, and also emphasize the role of information technology in attracting a wide range of disciplines, such as medicine, biology, ecology and many others. Implementation of an interdisciplinary approach reinforces in students the important idea that mathematics, natural science, engineering and computer science are intertwined in the modern world.

The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are undergoing the restoration of the system of military-political work and military-political training of personnel as its component. Since 2019, military-political training has been included in the training programs for military personnel. In military universities, military-political training still acts as a separate discipline of the curriculum, aimed at the formation of political competence, which does not fully meet the tasks of educating an officer – a subject of state military policy. The scientific search for the foundations of the organization of military-political training of cadets of a military university requires its problematization in new sociocultural conditions, identifying problems arising in new contexts and against the background of urgent challenges. The article describes the methodological, theoretical and technological basis of the modern formulation of the problem of organizing military-political training of cadets of a military university, determines the key factors of the cultural, social and anthropogenic levels of sociocultural reality, formulates the main problems that need to be solved. Methods of problematization of military-political training of cadets of a military university are presented, the results of moderation of the problems of organizing military-political training of cadets of a military university, carried out at the site of the conference "Humanitarian Problems of Military Affairs" (Novosibirsk), are described. The material of the article can be used when choosing the direction of research by scientists and research teams working on the development of professional education of cadets of military universities and military-political work with them.

the article discusses methods and criteria for diagnosing speech disorders in older preschool children with general speech underdevelopment (GSU). Three levels of coherent speech formation are distinguished: high, medium, and low, with corresponding criteria described, including motivational-value, regulatory-planning, and operational-activity parameters. The study employs both highly formalized methods (testing and questionnaires) and less formalized methods (observation, conversation, analysis of children's activities), which ensures the objectivity and completeness of the obtained data. Special attention is given to projective methods that use ambiguous stimuli to identify individual characteristics of a child's perception of the surrounding reality. The article emphasizes the importance of integrating various diagnostic approaches to obtain comprehensive information about the speech development of children with GSU, which contributes to the development of individualized correction programs and successful integration of children into the educational environment.

the article provides a theoretical and methodological analysis of the psychological and pedagogical literature on the concepts of “creative thinking”, “creative abilities”, and pedagogical education. The definition of the terms considers the scientific works of domestic and foreign authors dealing with the formation and development of creative thinking and abilities. The work carried out made it possible to identify and define some implications for pedagogical education of the introduction of the concepts of “creative thinking” and “creative abilities” and draw the following conclusions in the following areas: the personality of the teacher, the content-methodological, organizational and pedagogical conditions. Society is developing – children are changing, accordingly, approaches to education are being transformed, and the set of competencies and skills that we must form in our children is increasing, and today many authors argue that creativity is a key component of the skills of the 21st century. Within the framework of which it is important to form a set of creative competencies as the basis for creative thinking and abilities.

the study is devoted to the analysis of current problems related to the inheritance of digital objects in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the institution of inheritance of digital objects in the Russian Federation, as well as identifying problems in the implementation of this institution and searching for possible ways to resolve them. The achievement of this goal was facilitated by setting the following tasks: firstly, to define the concept and legal nature of a "digital object" as an object of inheritance law; secondly, to identify gaps and conflicts in the legislation that impede the effective regulation of the inheritance of digital objects and rights; thirdly, to propose ways to improve the current legislation in this area, as well as to assess the prospects for the development of digital inheritance law in Russia. The article considers the issues of determining the legal nature of digital objects, establishing the procedure for their inheritance and protecting the rights of heirs. Based on the analysis of judicial practice and foreign experience, specific ways to improve legal regulation are proposed, including amendments to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, in order to create an effective mechanism for the transfer of digital property by inheritance.

the article provides comprehensive analysis of evolution of judicial control in economic sphere of Russia through institutional transformations of 2014, resulting in abolition of Higher Arbitration Court of Russian Federation and establishment of Economic Disputes Chamber within Supreme Court of RF structure. The author conducted detailed research of organizational, procedural and functional aspects transformation of highest level of economic justice based on official statistical data for period 2020-2024. Methodological apparatus includes general scientific methods of cognition, special legal methods, statistical analysis of judicial practice. The research reveals mechanisms of unified judicial practice formation after merger of highest judicial instances, analyzes quantitative and qualitative performance indicators of Economic Disputes Chamber of Supreme Court RF. Sustainable trend of growing number of cases considered was identified alongside reduction of judicial staff, leading to 1.7-fold increase of judge workload compared to Higher Arbitration Court RF functioning period. Simultaneously, consistent decrease of reversed judicial acts percentage from 18% to 12% was recorded, indicating improved quality of justice in lower arbitration courts. Structural analysis of considered disputes was conducted, showing prevalence of tax disputes (32%), contractual disputes (21%), corporate disputes (18%), bankruptcy disputes (15%) and disputes involving state participation (14%). The author substantiated that institutional transformations ensured achievement of highest judicial power unity, elimination of contradictions in legal positions of highest judicial instances, optimization of judicial acts review procedures. Problematic aspects of reform were critically evaluated, including increased judicial workload and potential reduction of specialization depth in particular areas of economic law. Research demonstrates Russian judicial system capability for adaptation under external challenges of 2022-2024 period, including sanctions pressure and corporate sector transformation. Scientific novelty of work consists in comprehensive assessment of ten-year functioning period of new model of judicial control in economic sphere based on current statistical data and law enforcement practice analysis. Practical significance of research is determined by possibility of using obtained results for further improvement of economic justice system as strategic priority of state policy in judicial reform sphere. The study reveals that reform of 2014 established foundations of modern economic justice model in Russia. Further development of this model should consider both positive experience of ten-year functioning period and new challenges facing Russian economy and legal system. Effectiveness of economic rights judicial protection constitutes crucial factor for favorable investment climate formation and sustainable economic development of country. Therefore, improvement of economic justice system should be considered strategic priority of state policy in judicial reform area. Ten-year experience of Economic Disputes Chamber of Supreme Court RF functioning demonstrates Russian judicial system capability for adaptation and development under changing conditions of economic turnover and legal regulation requirements.

the paper provides a doctrinal review of the category of "legal consciousness" in foreign legal theory. The author notes that interest in foreign experience is determined by a number of circumstances: the possibility of searching for new solutions to existing problems in the analyzed area; enrichment of the legal doctrine; replenishment of theoretical "baggage" for practical activities. The paper attempts to provide a discrete overview of the category of "legal consciousness" in foreign legal theory using some scientific works as an example. Based on the results of the study, a number of conclusions have been made. In particular, it has been noted that the main modern areas of foreign research into legal consciousness are reduced to the following areas: the influence of social experience on the formation of legal consciousness; identifying mechanisms for interpreting legal norms in people's consciousness; taking into account the role of legal ideas in childhood and adolescence on the formation of consciousness of the law; establishing the relationship between the legal system and the formation of legal consciousness; studying the attitude of various social groups to the law. An analysis of foreign literature shows that the basis for the formation of "normal" legal consciousness is the legal system. The observation of those scientists who argue that legal consciousness is not a static category is correct. It is proposed to consider legal consciousness in two planes using foreign studies as an example: through an empirical variable and as a certain component of the legal system. It seems correct to assert that the stability of legal consciousness can be achieved by the following: clarity of legal norms and laws; strict observance of the law; ensuring the protection of the individual; inevitability of responsibility.

considering the changes in the geopolitical landscape and the foreign policy of the Russian Federation, this study examines the legal validity and functions of legal positions adopted by international courts and tribunals as reflected in their decisions. Based on provisions from international and domestic criminal law and the practice of international judicial bodies, the author concludes that legal positions of international courts regarding Russian criminal law are legally binding if the decision of the relevant international court is enforceable on the Russian Federation and based on international legal norms that do not conflict with the Constitution of the Russian Federation.. The legal positions of international courts within the Russian criminal legal system serve two significant functions: predictive and clarificatory. These functions involve determining and elucidating the procedures for implementing the tenets of international criminal law, as well as delineating the nature of specific elements of international crimes.

the article examines the problem of public legal responsibility of the state for unlawful control and supervision in the field of entrepreneurial activity. The purpose of the work is to identify systemic contradictions in the regulatory framework, analyze the practice of their application, as well as evaluate the effectiveness of existing guarantees for business protection. The research is based on a comprehensive approach that includes an analysis of the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the Code of Administrative Procedure of the Russian Federation, and Federal Law No. 248-FZ "On State Control (Supervision) and Municipal Control in the Russian Federation." Special attention is paid to specific articles regulating the issues of compensation for harm and procedural appeal, which makes it possible to identify weaknesses and uncertainties in law enforcement practice. The article uses statistical data from the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation and the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation, which gives the study an empirical basis and confirms the conclusions about the extent of persistent violations. The results of the analysis show that the existing model of pre-trial and judicial appeals, as well as existing mechanisms for compensation for harm, do not always ensure timely restoration of violated rights of entrepreneurs. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its findings to improve legislation, including clarifying standards for the admissibility of control measures, consolidating presumptions of causation and flexibly regulating the pre-trial appeal procedure. This will improve the balance of interests between the state and business, improve the investment climate and strengthen trust in the legal system.

the aim of the study is to identify and comprehensively analyze the current role of the prosecutor in the system of protection of digital rights and objects in the Russian Federation, identify existing problems and develop scientifically sound proposals for improving prosecutorial supervision in this strategically important area. To achieve this goal, the author analyzed the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation governing the participation of the prosecutor in the protection of digital rights and objects; studied the established practice of prosecutor's participation in resolving disputes related to the circulation of digital objects; identified the key problems and difficulties faced by prosecutorial authorities in exercising supervision in the digital sphere. Based on the conducted study, innovative proposals are formulated to improve the activities of the prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation in the context of the protection of digital objects and rights. A comparative analysis of foreign experience in solving similar problems is carried out, on the basis of which innovative proposals are formulated to optimize the activities of the prosecutor's office, including the introduction of a specialized prosecutor's institute.