No 2 (2025)

the purpose of the study is a comprehensive, consistent analysis of the features of strategic development of the regional economy (on the example of the Altai border zone, trade between Russia and China). Methods: comparative, comparative analysis, dialectical, statistical, mathematical, generalization, specification, systematization, deduction, and other methods of theoretical and practical levels of scientific knowledge. Findings: Regional economy in border areas is not only risks and certain difficulties, but also broader prospects, and this must be used wisely. Conclusions: The scientific novelty of the study lies in the preparation of a comprehensive study, the formation of the author's conclusions regarding the features of strategic development of the regional economy (on the example of the Altai border zone, trade between Russia and China).

this study analyzes modern tools and methods for managing corporate social responsibility of large businesses. The author provides a brief description of social responsibility and commitment of large firms to solving social problems, as well as the impact of such activities on the image of a business entity. Particular attention is paid to the concept of “organizational citizenship behavior,” which currently reflects the overwhelming majority of corporate social responsibility values. Workflow remodeling is presented in the article as one of the most effective methods for managing corporate social responsibility.

the purpose of the study is to study the effectiveness of the introduction of digital technologies in the oil and gas industry. Methods: statistical methods of market analysis are used as methods in the presented study. Findings: in the modern world, digital transformation is becoming an increasingly integral part of the development of various industries, including oil and gas. It acts as a tool to achieve goals related to maintaining the competitive position of the oil and gas complex in the global market and reducing the cost of doing business. The article focuses on the main benefits of digital transformation for the oil and gas industry, including the optimization of oil and gas production, processing and transportation processes. Digital projects of oil and gas companies are considered and their economic efficiency is evaluated. The article briefly describes the recommendations for the formation of a system for evaluating the effectiveness of digital transformation. Conclusions: the introduction of modern technologies such as automation, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things and data analytics can significantly improve the efficiency of operations and reliability of companies.

this article examines methodological approaches to investment analysis and develops a specific methodology for assessing the effectiveness of digital transformation processes at the level of regional industrial enterprises within the framework of an innovative economy. The scholarly discourse presented in the article critically evaluates the efficacy of prevailing frameworks for appraising innovation and investment endeavors within the realm of digital transformation. It underscores the inherent difficulties associated with quantifying the nuanced technical contributions that exceed the scope of traditional financial evaluations. As a remedy, the article proposes a comprehensive methodological approach, incorporating a synthesis of heterogeneous data into a unified index of desirability. The study underscores the necessity of separating economic and technological variables when evaluating digital ventures. Cost-benefit analyses and other econometric methods remain critical for gauging financial returns. A new desirability index more accurately measures technical progress, with scores above 0.75 reflecting strong innovation. Adopting such methodology bolsters strategic alignment among Russian enterprises, ensuring more nuanced integration of advanced solutions in overall evaluations of digital transformations.

the article defines the importance of assessing the quality of corporate governance in the process of value formation of public companies. The article classifies the main methods of assessing the quality of corporate governance from the point of view of their applicability for assessing the impact on the value. The author's classification of indicators of corporate governance quality in order to assess their impact on the market value of the company is presented. Using machine learning, a Decision Tree model is developed to estimate the market value of public Russian companies taking into account the most important characteristics of corporate governance. Using the model it is possible to significantly reduce labor costs in the process of value formation due to understanding the significance of indicators. Measures have been developed to minimize the gap in the perception of the company's value by investors on the stock market.

in the conditions of global economic instability and high market volatility, the study of diversification of investment portfolios acquires special relevance. The present work is aimed at developing a scientific model that contributes to improving the financial stability of Russian households. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to minimize risks and create a stable income in the long term. The developed model of investment portfolio diversification for Russian households provides a scientifically based approach to asset management, which is aimed at reducing risks and increasing the stability of investments. The model is based on the principles of allocating funds between different asset classes, including traditional instruments such as stocks and bonds, as well as innovative tokenized assets. Key findings of the paper include recommendations for creating balanced portfolios for households based on their financial goals, income levels and risk tolerance. The paper proposes a segmentation of households, which allows the model to be customized to meet the individual needs of different categories of investors. The use of digital technologies for analyzing and forecasting market risks is identified as a promising direction of development. The hypothesis of the study is that diversification with the application of modern management tools and methods will increase the sustainability of investments even in the conditions of economic challenges. The prospects for future research are related to empirical testing of the proposed model, analyzing its application in different regions of Russia and assessing the impact of digital innovations on capital management. The results of the work may become the basis for further research in the field of financial stability and investment planning.

globalization and digitalization are transforming the methodological base of the educational process, forming new requirements for pedagogical approaches and competencies of students. The modern educational environment is continuously adapting to technological innovations and social changes, expanding the range of required professional skills. Teaching staff and psychological specialists are improving practical teaching methods by integrating relevant scientific achievements into the intercultural educational space. The modern system of professional training of psychologists and educators needs a fundamental update of methodological approaches that take into account the dynamically transforming demands of the labor market and society. Educational institutions with a pedagogical profile are solving the most difficult task of forming a new generation of specialists who possess analytical thinking tools and practical skills to overcome professional challenges in the context of continuous social changes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of changes in social and economic relations on the system of higher psychological and pedagogical professional education. The article clarifies the essence of the advanced function of professional pedagogical education. The key strategies for the modernization of advanced professional training of future teachers are described: the inclusion of contextual factors and ontological patterns of the evolution of educational systems in the content of the future teacher's training.

business process management of an enterprise in the oil and gas industry is influenced by many external factors. The article examines the main trends in the development of the Russian oil and gas industry, which are being formed in response to changing economic and geopolitical conditions: the reorientation of sales to the markets of Southeast Asia, the need to overcome barriers to the formation of new logistics, the search for alternative suppliers, the intensification of import substitution processes, cooperation and clustering of production and processing enterprises, digitalization. The review of sources and the analysis of the main trends in the development of the Russian oil and gas industry in modern conditions allowed us to identify external factors affecting the management of an oil and gas industry enterprise in the context of business processes. Factors such as geopolitical factors, sanctions, fluctuations in oil prices on the world market, exchange rates, technological changes, regulatory changes, climatic conditions, customs barriers and sanctions, credit rates and access to capital, competition with alternative energy sources, changes in demand on international and domestic markets, changes in transport politics, innovation trends, infrastructure constraints. The result of the study was a characteristic of the influence of each factor on certain business processes of an enterprise in the oil and gas industry. The authors conclude that the development of the Russian oil and gas industry has favorable prospects due to the successful adaptation of enterprises to changing external factors.

this article examines the importance of high-quality training of specialists in higher education institutions for their subsequent employment in enterprises. The main indicators of the company's activity in modern conditions are systematized: financial results (profitability, profitability of activities), labor productivity, quality of products or services, innovation activity. As a result of the conducted research, the dependence of each of these indicators on the quality of specialist training in higher education institutions was identified and characterized. The importance and necessity of cooperation between enterprises and educational institutions in the field of joint training of young specialists and investments in education is considered. The study also made it possible to formulate and characterize recommendations to business leaders who see the importance of the quality of training for young professionals employed after higher education: establishing partnerships with universities, participating in job fairs and career days, providing internships and internships, creating mentoring programs, developing clear selection criteria, evaluating academic performance and extracurricular activities, the use of modern technologies and social networks, conducting interviews and tests, offering competitive working conditions, creating a positive image of the company.

the article examines the problem of the economy of developing countries through the prism of their ranking according to the following key criteria: current income level (in terms of GDP), inclusion in world trade, economic specialization and level of institutional development. Based on the data analysis, countries are classified into three main groups: high-income countries among developing countries, middle-income countries and low-income countries. For each group, priority areas of reform are proposed, taking into account their economic specifics and institutional features. Methods: To achieve the stated objectives of the study, an integrated approach was used, including analysis of data provided by leading international and national organizations, as well as the use of economic, statistical and comparative analysis methods. Findings: The study confirms the importance of an integrated approach to the analysis of developing countries through the prism of these criteria. The ranking allows not only to identify the key problems of each group of countries, but also to propose adapted reform strategies aimed at increasing their competitiveness in the global economy. Conclusions: The proposed approach promotes more efficient use of resources to achieve sustainable growth and reduce the socio-economic gap between countries.

the purpose of the study is to evaluate the use of methods and approaches based on system analysis in estimating and forecasting the staffing levels of subdivisions. Methods: the main method used in this study is an approach based on a comparative analysis of the use of system analysis tools for the evaluation of multifactor objects. Findings: the study shows that when evaluating complex objects, in most cases it is necessary to identify and consider the relationships between internal and external constituent factors. An example of an approach to planning the size of a structural unit for information protection in the context of a system analysis task is given. Conclusions: traditional methods of estimating and forecasting the number of personnel, based only on the use of labor intensity and working time fund, need to be significantly refined for complex multifactor objects, such as information protection units. The use of methods and approaches based on system analysis for this purpose is a rather informative tool, as it allows to identify and interpret implicit relationships between factors within such objects, which, ultimately, contributes to improving the quality of management and more accurate forecasting.

the topic of this study is the development of an architectural model of information-technological services of information support of the sphere of interaction with consumers of network companies (by the example of the trade industry and hospitality industry). The relevance of the topic is due to the high level of importance at these enterprises of the issues of ensuring the effectiveness of marketing activities and sales, in the conditions of active digitalization of the economy, the formation of a comfortable consumer environment and a number of other factors of the macro-level business environment. In the course of the research the authors identified the list of main stakeholders, systematized their requirements, listed business processes and business functions in the field of customer relationship management. The result of the research presented in the article is an architectural model of information and technological services of information support of the sphere of consumer interaction for network retailers and hotel chains.

the article considers the agent-based modeling method as an innovative tool for studying socio-economic processes. The study uses methods of theoretical analysis, synthesis and systematization of scientific literature. The tools of mathematical modeling, including game theory and statistical analysis, are applied. The methodology for constructing agent-based models is presented, including mechanisms for defining and classifying agents, formalizing their behavior through state maps, and describing interactions between agents. A mathematical model of market interaction with formalization of the functions of demand, supply and pricing is formed. The advantages and limitations of the agent-based modeling method are systematized. It is noted that agent-based modeling is an effective tool for studying complex socio-economic systems, allowing one to take into account the heterogeneity of agents and model emergent phenomena. The practical significance of the method is confirmed by successful examples of its application in business, urban planning and healthcare.

the impact of rapidly increasing sanctions pressure on the industry of the Russian Federation and especially on the electrical industry makes the study particularly relevant. The importance of electrical engineering is determined by its key role and the close connection between the functioning of various sectors of the economy, including housing and communal services, electric power industry and mechanical engineering. The industry's products are directly related to the economic security of any country and its competitiveness in the global market, since the cost of the industry's products directly affects the cost of electricity and, accordingly, affects the efficiency of industry in the country. Nevertheless, the current situation shows that Russian products are inferior to their foreign counterparts in some characteristics, and some products are completely missing, which leads to the need to import a significant proportion of products and components. The reasons for this lie in the complexity of production technologies and processes that accumulate specific knowledge of smaller technologies, which inevitably leads to high costs for research and development necessary to create modern and competitive solutions, and also requires time, which is a key resource in the context of dynamic technology development. The continued tightening of various restrictions, including on materials and components of a wide range of applications, restrictions on the financial sector, pose the threat of a complete cessation of imports, which can have a devastating impact on the country's economy. The purpose of the article is to provide a recommendation framework for adapting the electrical industry to the current challenges associated with sanctions restrictions, taking into account existing government support measures and progress already achieved. The article is based on an analysis of current industry problems, data from scientific publications, conference materials, expert and analytical reports and official sources. The analysis revealed several serious problems facing the electrical engineering sector, such as uncompetitive products, high modernization costs, technological stagnation of enterprises, insufficient access to advanced technologies and modern equipment, as well as a shortage of highly qualified specialists. To solve these problems, the article proposes to improve and upgrade several important initiatives to support the industry by the Russian government and responsible agencies, such as the R&D subsidy program under Decree No. 1649, the reverse engineering program, industrial mortgages, and others, and combine them into a set of additional adjustment measures. This involves creating a pool of additional adjustment measures, including a system for assessing the level of localization of production, and redistributing the financial responsibility of participants in such programs. It is expected that the implementation of additional adjustment measures will significantly increase the industry's efficiency and competitiveness.

the topic of this study is the development of an architectural model of information technology services for information support of the operational management of chain companies (retail, hospitality). This topic is relevant at the current stage of development of the digital economy due to the multilevel management systems of these companies and the segmentation of information systems that support their operation. In the course of the research presented in the article, the authors presented the structure of IT services of operational activities, the scheme of operational activities management, the list of stakeholders in this area, the key managing operational business processes and the business functions that form them. The result of the research is the architectural models of IT-services of information support of the sphere of operational activity management of chain companies as well as a model of functions of the subsystem of business process management, resource allocation and change management.

the article is devoted to the relevance of the digitalization process in agriculture. In the article, the authors emphasize the need to use digital technologies as a tool for effectively transferring business processes to a higher level. The need for global implementation of digital technologies is noted both on the scale of a single enterprise and an industry or the economy of the country as a whole. The authors emphasize that, being an important component of the general informatization process, digitalization in the agricultural sector now consists of the most important components, such as production digitalization; big data and their analytics; formation and stable filling and constant updating of databases, as well as digitalization of the implementation process. Since the realities are characterized by political tension and sanctions processes, difficulties in staffing and rising costs and prices, advanced communication technologies will help to strengthen the processes of strengthening the country's food security. As a result of the work, the authors came to the conclusion that digitalization processes in agriculture determine the transition to a new technological structure; there are various technologies, hardware devices and software that allow remotely receiving data on the condition of plants and animals, soil, and other indicators that contribute to the effective management of processes in agriculture; in domestic agricultural organizations, digitalization processes are developing dynamically at a level of more than 10% per year; the overall level of digitalization in agricultural organizations is average and below average, which determines significant reserves for growth and qualitative changes.

the key goal of the research is to understand how sanctions restrictions and exchange rate fluctuations affect the financial condition of enterprises in various industries. Methods: the research methods used in the article are statistical methods of market analysis, methods of time series analysis and econometric methods of analysis. Findings: the study presents findings that allow, using financial analysis methods, to assess the changes in the average EBITDA margin, the average FCFF margin and the change in the share of CAPEX in revenue for Russian public companies, using data from the Smart-Lab database. The calculation in the study is carried out sequentially for EBITDA by year, FCFF and CAPEX. This will allow us to obtain a conclusion on the degree of adaptation of Russian companies to changes in geopolitical realities. Conclusions: the obtained results of the analysis of the proposed financial indicators of Russian public companies in the current conditions of sanction restrictions (changes in financial stability, liquidity and profitability of companies) allowed us to draw a conclusion about the impact of sanction restrictions and exchange rate fluctuations on the financial condition of enterprises in various industries. We prove different degrees of influence of changes in the geopolitical situation on different sectors of the economy, especially taking into account the exchange rate factor and the volatility of global prices for basic energy resources. We also determine the relationship between FCFF margin and modernization costs. We present recommendations for taking into account industry specifics when conducting additional research. A conclusion is made about the sufficient ability of Russian public companies to maintain financial stability even in conditions of crisis (instability) and external challenges. The findings of the article can be useful for investors, analysts and company executives when developing long-term strategies in conditions of increased uncertainty.

the article examines the essence of digital financial assets as a financial instrument and their characteristics, as well as their role in the modern financial system and development prospects. The author investigates approaches to understanding digital financial assets and proposes an original definition of the concept. Based on the analysis of essential characteristics, the advantages of digital financial assets as a tool for raising capital were identified in comparison with the traditional banking credit market and bond issuance. A specific type of digital financial assets, such as the right to monetary claims, was studied. Using an analysis of bond issuance costs and the fees of information system operators, a comparative table is presented, demonstrating the economic benefits for issuers of digital financial assets. The analysis of the advantages of digital financial assets made it possible to outline the development prospects for this segment of the financial market, as well as to identify constraining factors that currently exist and require attention from regulators, legislative authorities, and market participants. The results of the study can be used for further exploration of digital financial assets as a new representation form of traditional assets.

this study is dedicated to the empirical analysis of the relationship between the emotional tone of news headlines and the dynamics of stock indices during global economic crises. The relevance of the topic is driven by the growing influence of the information environment on investor behavior and the functioning of financial markets. The purpose of the work is to identify and quantify the effects that emotionally charged news headlines have on key stock indices during periods of economic turbulence. The study applies a comprehensive set of methods, including media content analysis, econometric modeling, and statistical analysis of time series. The empirical base comprises a sample of 1,500 headlines from leading business media and the dynamics of 5 global stock indices over the period of 2007–2023, covering several waves of global crises. The results show a statistically significant inverse relationship between the share of negatively toned headlines and the growth of stock indices (Pearson correlation coefficient r=-0.78; p<0.01). The constructed regression models allow for predicting up to 62% of index variations based on indicators of the emotional tone of news content. The findings contribute to understanding the factors affecting financial market stability and open up prospects for the development of new investment analysis tools considering behavioral effects. Further research may focus on a differentiated analysis of various categories of news headlines, as well as on studying cross-country differences in the relationship between the information environment and financial dynamics.

the study reveals the dynamics of investment flows into the educational sector, taking into account macroeconomic fluctuations. A comprehensive analysis of financial investments demonstrates the dependence of the educational sector on the phases of recovery and recession, forming long-term trends in socio-economic development. The methodology includes a quantitative assessment of educational investments through the prism of cyclical processes in the economy. The results of the study show a significant correlation between the level of investment in education and qualitative changes in labor potential, reflected in production capabilities and the introduction of advanced technologies.

this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of various methods and approaches to assessing the economic effects resulting from the introduction of a technology management system at enterprises in various sectors of the economy. The rapid development of production technologies and the large-scale transformation of business models are encouraging enterprises to improve their operations through the use of innovative management solutions. A comprehensive analysis of the financial performance of implemented innovations is a key tool for strategic development, revealing the potential for strengthening the company's market position and stability when assessing the material indicators of modernization.

the modern public catering market is characterized by high competition, which requires enterprises to implement effective sales strategies. The article examines the main approaches to the formation of a sales strategy in the restaurant business, identifies key factors influencing consumer choice, and analyzes trends in the Russian public catering market. Based on statistical data, a steady growth of the industry has been identified, associated with an increase in demand for fast food services and the development of chain restaurants. The analysis allows us to classify the main sales strategies, including intensive, selective, exclusive, franchise, product-oriented and customer-oriented models, as well as “push” and “pull” strategies. The application of these strategies in the restaurant business is aimed at expanding market presence, increasing customer loyalty and optimizing distribution channels. An empirical study conducted in Omsk made it possible to determine the factors influencing consumer behavior when choosing public catering establishments. Analysis of the results showed that the main selection criteria are the quality of food, level of service, cost and atmosphere of the establishment. The data obtained confirm the need for a flexible approach to the formation of a sales strategy and the use of digital platforms to promote services.

the article examines the strategic aspects of managing the assortment of women's shoes in online markets against the background of high competition. The relevance of the topic is predetermined by rapid digitalization, the need to develop effective management mechanisms. The significant growth of e-commerce requires a rethinking of traditional approaches to the formation of a product portfolio, the introduction of new methods of working with consumer demand. The purpose is a comprehensive analysis of strategic directions, identification of key factors of competitiveness, formulation of recommendations (the author's vision of the stages of strategy development with a consistent description of each of them is proposed: studying the market and target audience; setting goals, determining key performance indicators; forming the assortment structure; forecasting demand, trends; elaboration of automation tools; testing on pilot segments; implementation, team training; monitoring, analysis of results, correction). The scientific novelty of the work lies in the systematization of approaches to assortment management, taking into account technological market transformations. The basic contradictions are revealed: between the growing consumer expectations and the existing methods of assortment formation, between the need for rapid response to changes and the inertia of traditional strategies in relation to product portfolios. The author's recommendations on monitoring the assortment management strategy are formulated (with justification of the novelty of the proposed approaches). The article will be useful for managers of online stores, marketers, specialists in the development of e-commerce, researchers in the field of assortment management, as well as students of economic specialties.

the purpose of this study is to develop an approach to the spatial location of wholesale trade enterprises in the Republic of Tatarstan, depending on the level of transaction costs of organizations. Methods: in this study, the author uses methods of analysis and synthesis, correlation and regression analysis, as well as generalization. Findings: the objectives of this study are to study the level of transaction costs of enterprises in the Republic of Tatarstan, to determine the geographical location of such companies in the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation, as well as to identify links and dependencies between these indicators in order to form an approach to predicting the level of transaction costs when choosing a company location. This study presents approaches to determining the level of transaction costs depending on the distance between the geographical location of companies in the Republic of Tatarstan to the selected central location (the economic center of Kazan). It is proposed to base the forecasting of the location of enterprises in the Republic of Tatarstan on the regression model proposed by the author, as well as on its possible modifications. Conclusions: the conducted research shows that the close relationship between the level of transaction costs and the geographical location of enterprises in the Republic of Tatarstan can be considered weak. The regression equation calculated in this scientific work makes it possible to predict the level of transaction costs depending on the location of enterprises in the republic. An increase in the distance between the geographical location of companies and the economic center does not lead to a significant increase in the share of transaction costs in the revenue of companies, which is explained by the factors presented in this scientific paper.

the article examines the impact of digitalization on the modern Russian economy, considering global technological trends and the specifics of the country’s socio-economic development. The key areas of digital transformation are analyzed, including the automation of production processes, the development of digital platforms, the formation of new digital infrastructure, and the introduction of artificial intelligence and big data technologies. Particular attention is paid to assessing the influence of digitalization on labor productivity, investment activity, the development of new economic sectors, and changes in the labor market structure. Existing regional disparities in digital maturity are identified, which exacerbate spatial inequality and create barriers to balanced economic growth. The article also considers the main risks of digitalization, such as digital inequality, cybersecurity threats, digital market monopolization, and labor shortages. The authors propose recommendations for the development of effective state policies in the field of digital development aimed at stimulating innovation, reducing regional digital gaps, and creating a favorable digital environment for businesses and society. The main results of the study indicate that the process of digitalization of the economy in recent years has become one of the factors of economic development, contributing to the growth of labor productivity and stimulating structural changes, but, at the same time, there are aspects that require systemic regulation, such as: changing requirements for the labor market and personnel policy and the presence of digital inequality.