No 4 (2025)

the scientific work is devoted to the study of the features of the definition of Arabic borrowings in the scientific discourse of the British and American English languages. The analysis is based on the study of scientific publications, as well as lexicographic sources, which provide an opportunity to determine the main trends and specifics in the definition of Arabic borrowings. Arabisms are words or phrases that are borrowed from Arabic into English through science and culture and trade relations. Recently, interest in borrowings has increased due to globalization processes, as well as increased intercultural interaction. It is worth emphasizing that approaches to definition may differ not only depending on the cultural context, but also the linguistic one. In the scientific work, the author examines in detail how Arabic borrowings are defined in the English-language scientific discourse of the two language variants. This study is based on reviews of scientific publications, including lexicographic sources, as well as didactic materials, which provides an opportunity to determine current trends, as well as specifics in the process of defining Arabic borrowings.

this article analyzes the ways of expressing inalienable belonging in the languages of some Indian tribes of North America. In these languages, as in many others, belonging appears in two forms: alienable and inalienable. Two types of constructions demonstrate clear distinctions between inalienable and alienable. Most often, possessive constructions with possessive pronouns attached to possessive nouns are used primarily to denote inalienable possession, in almost all languages, while constructions with an added possession marker are overwhelmingly used to denote alienable possession, such as real estate possession. The expression of inalienability is not limited to word- or phrase-level constructions, but can also be conveyed by sentence-level constructions. Examples taken from different languages show similarities in the means and ways of expressing inalienability. Nevertheless, the concepts that are classified as inalienable differ from language to language, although they usually include body parts and/or relatives, spatial relations and often other closely related objects such as a house, some personal tools, footprints or even thoughts. The material of the presented article may be of interest to specialists in comparative-historical, typological linguistics, history of language.

this study focuses on examining cultural factors and pragmatic misunderstandings in oral communication in Russian and Chinese. The research considers the influence of culture-specific features on the occurrence of communicative failures in intercultural communication. The methodological basis of the study is a comprehensive approach that includes elements of discourse analysis, conversational analysis, and linguistic pragmatics. The empirical base consists of audio recordings of 50 dialogues between native speakers of Russian and Chinese with a total duration of 15 hours. The analysis revealed that the most frequent causes of misunderstandings are differences in politeness strategies (48% of cases), mismatched cultural presuppositions (35%), and divergences in the interpretation of non-verbal signals (27%). It was found that Russian-speaking participants tend to a more straightforward communication style (d=0.76, p<0.01), while Chinese interlocutors more often resort to indirect speech acts (d=0.68, p<0.01). The study's results contribute to understanding the cultural-pragmatic foundations of cross-linguistic interaction and open up prospects for developing methods to enhance the effectiveness of Russian-Chinese communication.

in this scientific work, the author analyzes the functional paradigm of Arabic-language vocabulary in two variants of the English language (British and American). The study examines in detail the historical aspect that contributed to the penetration of borrowings into the English language, including other aspects of the functioning of these borrowings, which include lexical meaning, semantic derivation and cultural specificity. Comparative analysis demonstrates how borrowings are used in two variants of the English language, determining differences not only in pronunciation, but also in the framework of use. The conclusion is made: the paradigm considered in the scientific work reflects not only the historical interaction of English-speaking countries with the Arab world, but also the cultural one.

the article raises an issue related to the study of the written heritage of the Tatars. In Tatar, as in other languages, names of diseases have been shaped by various factors, including traditional ideas about health, the influence of medicine and interaction with other cultures. In this article, we will look at how disease names in Tatar changed and developed in the 19th and 20th centuries. In the Tatar language of the 19th century the concept of ‘disease’ was expressed using the words ‘auru’, ‘agyryk’ and ‘agyryklyk’. The practical significance of the work consists in creating a glossary of terminological expressions, which can be useful in the future. The article deals with the issue related to the study of the written heritage of indigenous Tatar communities. The scientific value of the study lies in the preservation, actualisation and study of medical names of diseases used by Siberian Tatars in the 19th – early 20th century. In the 19th century, many names of diseases could be found in the Tatar language, which often had Arabic or Persian roots. In the 20th century, the Tatar language experienced significant changes. After the 1917 revolution and the creation of the Tatar ASSR, the process of standardisation of the language began, which also affected medical terminology. At this time, new terms for diseases were actively developed, many of which were borrowed from Russian but adapted to the phonetic and grammatical features of the Tatar language. Traditional names of diseases based on folk medicine were gradually replaced by scientific terms, which testifies to the development of medicine and education in Tatar society. The study of this topic allows us to better understand not only linguistic changes, but also cultural transformations of the Tatar people in the mentioned historical periods.

this study is dedicated to analyzing the audience and communication strategies used in promoting Chinese TV dramas in the Russian market. The introduction substantiates the relevance of the topic, as the globalization of the media space has led to the active penetration of foreign cultural products, and Chinese dramas attract the attention of the Russian viewer with their originality and exoticism. The aim of the work is to identify the key factors behind the success of Chinese dramas in Russia, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of adaptive marketing strategies. The methodological framework of the study relies on a mixed method combining both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Among the methods used are statistical analysis of ratings and viewership, online surveys, focus groups, as well as content analysis of advertising messages on social networks and media platforms. This comprehensive approach not only allows for the determination of quantitative indicators of content demand but also helps reveal the underlying motives behind the audience's preference for Chinese TV dramas. The results indicate that Chinese dramas are successfully adapted to the Russian market by combining traditional and new communication strategies. The study showed that the main factors driving popularity are the original storylines, high-quality visuals, and well-developed characters, which foster an emotional connection with the audience. The analysis revealed that the use of cross-media platforms, a strong presence on social networks, and content localization all contribute to building a loyal audience. The discussion of the results underscores the need for further adaptation of marketing strategies, taking into account the cultural and social characteristics of the Russian viewer. The study provides practical recommendations for optimizing communication channels and strategically integrating foreign cultural products into local markets, which may serve as a foundation for further work in the field of intercultural communication and the global promotion of media content.

the article presents a comprehensive study of international communication strategies for promoting the regional culture of Shandong Province (PRC) within the framework of the "One Belt – One Road" initiative. The purpose of the work is to identify effective mechanisms for conveying the cultural values of Shandong, as a historical center of Chinese civilization, into the global informational space. The research methodology is based on a multi-method approach, including monitoring information flows (an analysis of 18,723 media messages for 2021–2022), content analysis of thematic clusters, statistical processing of data on the effectiveness of cultural projects, as well as sociological surveys (n=3624) in 18 countries participating in the initiative. The results revealed a dominance of English-language content (42.3%) and a thematic bias in favor of the Confucian heritage (24%), with insufficient representation of contemporary culture (10.9%). A positive correlation was established between personal experience of visiting the region and a positive perception of its culture (?=0.412). Informal communication strategies based on user-generated content demonstrated the greatest effectiveness (index 8.1/10), despite representing a small share (6.5%) of the overall flow. Significant discrepancies were found between the topics of media messages and audience demands: interest in contemporary culture (27.3%) is three times higher than its presence in the content. Based on the results, an integrative model for optimizing communications was proposed, including: diversification of language strategies (with an emphasis on Spanish-speaking and Arabic segments with high audience engagement), rebalancing of thematic content in favor of contemporary cultural practices, development of grassroots initiatives through digital platforms, and synergy between institutional and informal communication channels. The study confirms the key role of cultural diplomacy as an instrument of "soft power" in achieving geostrategic goals, demonstrating the potential of regional cultural narratives to strengthen China's international image.

this article examines the improvement of the information policy of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) under the conditions of forming a positive environmental image of the country in foreign media. The relevance of the study is determined by global environmental challenges and the growing role of information flows in shaping international opinion about the state’s activities in the field of ecology. The introduction describes the historical and political context of the development of environmental policy in the PRC, emphasizing the need to adapt external communication to the modern requirements of the international community. It substantiates the idea that creating a positive image of the country through a transparent and proactive information strategy contributes not only to the improvement of diplomatic relations but also to increasing investment attractiveness on an international level. The methodological part of the study includes a comprehensive analysis of the content of foreign media, a comparative analysis of reports from various international sources, and a study of public opinion using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Special attention is paid to the analysis of discursive practices aimed at interpreting environmental initiatives, as well as to the influence of state communication strategies on forming the stereotype of a “green China”. The results of the study demonstrate that in recent years, changes in the information policy of the PRC have positively influenced the international perception of the country’s environmental agenda. Key factors contributing to the successful transformation of the image have been identified, such as the state’s active participation in global environmental projects, the effective use of digital technologies, and the creation of specialized information platforms. At the same time, it has been established that a comprehensive approach is necessary to achieve a sustainable positive effect, one that takes into account both the domestic political dynamics and international communication standards. The discussion emphasizes that the modernization of the information policy aimed at promoting environmental achievements is becoming an important tool of state policy in the era of globalization. It highlights the need for further research into the influence of cultural and political factors on the interpretation of environmental initiatives abroad. The results of the study allow for recommending strategic directions for improving the international communication of the PRC, which may contribute to forming a sustainable positive environmental image of the country in the global information space.

this article examines the features of the language and style of media content in Chinese Internet media, which are conditioned by the significant influence of digital technologies on modern forms of communication. The research aims to identify the specifics of the linguistic and stylistic solutions used in Chinese Internet media, their evolutionary features, as well as the impact of cultural and socio-political factors on the formation of the media text. The methodological basis of the work includes a comprehensive approach combining both quantitative and qualitative analytical methods. Within the framework of the study, a linguistic analysis was conducted on texts published by several leading Chinese Internet media outlets using computer technologies for processing text data and semantic analysis methods. The collected sample of texts covered various genre and thematic directions, which allowed for a comprehensive evaluation of the level of informational content and stylistic variations of the media content. The results of the study revealed that Chinese Internet media exhibit a pronounced tendency towards using specific terminology and rhetorical constructions aimed at shaping a particular perception of the information by the audience. Special attention is given to the mechanisms of adapting language to the requirements of the digital era: active use of emojis, abbreviations, and hypertext links becomes a characteristic feature of communication. The influence of state policy on genre features and censorship restrictions is also noted, which forms a unique style of presenting news information. The discussion of the results indicates that the peculiarities of the language and style of media content in Chinese Internet media are determined both by global digitalization processes and by local cultural-political specifics. In conclusion, it is noted that further research is necessary for a more in-depth analysis of the transformation of the media environment under the expansion of digital communications both in China and internationally. The data obtained can serve as a basis for developing strategies for information interaction in the digital age. This study opens up prospects for further interdisciplinary developments combining linguistics, cultural studies, and communication sciences. The identified regularities can be used to develop methodologies for researching information strategies in the Internet space, as well as for improving journalistic ethics practices and enhancing the quality of digital content. The results contribute to the development of theoretical approaches in the study of mass communications and stimulate the conduction of similar research in other countries, thus allowing for a comparative analysis of modern media practices on a global level.

the article analyzes the features of the formation and functioning of German compound words. It is noted that a significant part of them relates to neoplasms and is related to terminological vocabulary. The most widely used complex nouns and adjectives in the German language. It is not always possible to find an explanation of individual composites in modern dictionaries, as there is an endless process of language enrichment, and it is connected with modern realities. A composite is a monolithic lexical unit that can have a number of meanings and grammatical characteristics. The components of a complex word originate in independent lexemes. They clearly show the relationship between the parts, resembling the relationship between the members of syntactic constructions. They contain various components-words, sometimes whole phrases, and various types of bases. In complex substantives and adjectives of this language, there are full-syllabic, incomplete words, as well as shifts. Semantically, they are characterized by motivation.

the advent of social media platforms has completely changed the way travel brands interact with audiences around the world. TikTok, as one of the fastest growing platforms, offers the perfect space for dynamic and creative interaction. This article analyzes the strategies for promoting tourism in Harbin on TikTok, with special attention paid to the use of visual, textual and auditory tools to create a fascinating story. The purpose of the article is to study the semiotic components and their impact on the perception of travel branding by the audience in the modern era of digital media. TikTok, with its young audience and emphasis on creativity and musicality, is becoming a key tool for travel brands seeking to attract the attention of young travelers. By using hashtags such as #TikTokTravel and creating content that evokes emotion and inspires travel, brands can effectively promote their travel products and services. The article explores how these strategies can be adapted to promote Harbin as a tourist destination, emphasizing the importance of understanding the target audience and adapting content to their needs. In addition, the article examines the role of influencers and user-generated content in efforts to promote tourism in Harbin, as well as the impact of TikTok algorithms on content visibility and engagement. The article provides an in-depth analysis of how TikTok can be used to effectively promote tourism in Harbin, and how the semiotic components of the content affect the perception of the brand by the audience in the digital media age.

the article is devoted to the analysis of translations from German into Russian of the materials of two translation contests in order to identify typical errors and establish the reasons for their occurrence. The main content of the study is erratological analysis – the analysis of contexts containing negative asymmetry phenomena: errors in the transfer of cognitive information, inaccuracies and ambiguities. The considered examples are placed on the scale of negative asymmetry ‘Errors in communicating cognitive information – inaccuracies – ambiguities – formal violations’, from the maximum degree of severity to its minimum degree. The most identified errors in communicating cognitive information, which can be avoided by using bilingual dictionaries and reference books. As a result of the study, the author concludes that the errors are caused by a complex of reasons, among which are the use of online translators, ignoring the stage of pre- and post-translation analysis, visual range of the source text, ignorance of the basicignorance of the basic rules of text design, inattention and lack of motivation.

the article is devoted to the study of epistemic modality using the example of phraseological and paremiological units of two comparable languages – English and Spanish. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that modality is one of the most significant, complex and controversial categories in modern linguistics. The main research methods are the statistical method, the method of comparative data analysis and the method of description. The study focuses on the theoretical foundations of the study of modality, as well as the component of epistemic modality, and provides differential points of view for determining this component of modality by different researchers. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of epistemic modality in phraseological and paremiological units of English and Spanish. The problem of defining modality remains controversial, and research on ways to express it in different languages remains relevant. The results of the study allow us to conclude that the definition of epistemic modality is similar in languages with different structures, which may serve as assumptions about the coincidence of semantic characteristics in the studied languages. The conclusions presented in the article are of interest to scientists studying the category of modality, epistemic modality, as well as phraseological and paraemiological units in English and Spanish.

the article analyzes the semantic and functional features of the comparatives of the English language. Stable comparative combinations of the English language form a subsystem in the general system of phraseology. The analysis of the semantic structure of these units and the study of a certain type of semantic relations between their components made it possible to identify internal connections in their meaningful structure. This helps to uncover the mechanism of their occurrence and establish their invariant model, which reflects semantic features. The content of the invariant model of these combinations of the English language is determined in this way: the first sememe is compared with the second. This model is implemented in two forms: models of similarity and models of degree, which are characterized by their semantic and grammatical consistency. The main feature characteristic of stable comparatives is their latent emotive coloring.

the purpose of this work is to analyze the features of the manifestation of the structural and semantic community of the original text and its translation in the language pair «Russian-Greek», revealing the mechanisms of preserving the semantic and compositional integrity. Among the objectives of the study: to determine the mechanisms for preserving the semantic and compositional integrity of the original text in its translation, taking into account their linguistic, semantic and pragmatic aspects; to present practical recommendations for Greek-speaking student translators aimed at effectively preserving the structural and semantic community when working with texts in the language pair «Russian-Greek». The main methods used are: analysis, synthesis and experiment. As a result of the study, it was established that the structural and semantic commonality of the original text and its translation is manifested through a number of key mechanisms that ensure the adequacy and equivalence of the transmission of the content of the text. In particular, the main aspects that contribute to this process are: lexical equivalence, syntactic structure, cultural context, pragmatic aspects and structural transformations. The practical application of this study is the use of methodological recommendations and practical exercises for Greek-speaking student translators, which will help them to better master translation skills in the language pair «Russian-Greek», paying special attention to maintaining structural and semantic commonality.

today the advertising industry is developing at a high rate, and the consumer market is constantly changing. In this context, it is important to analyze the current situation and identify the most effective methods of influence in various types of commercial advertising on Chinese social networks. The purpose of this article is to analyze the process of integrating commercial advertising into modern Chinese social networks such as WeChat, Weibo, Douyin and others. The study covers the historical development of advertising on Chinese social media and its impact on the global media landscape. In China, social media plays a key role in promoting goods and services, with over a billion active users on platforms such as WeChat and Douyin. The article examines strategies for using content marketing, influencer marketing, and targeted advertising to increase brand awareness and audience engagement. Special attention is paid to the unique capabilities of WeChat, which is not only a social network, but also includes a payment system, messaging and other services, allowing you to effectively set up targeted targeting and interact with the audience. Additionally, influencer marketing on platforms such as Weibo and Douyin is becoming increasingly popular as it allows brands to leverage the authority of influencers to promote their products. The study allows us to understand the importance and impact of commercial advertising on Chinese social platforms in a global context, emphasizing the role of these platforms in shaping the modern media environment and their potential for businesses seeking to enter the Chinese market.

the article is devoted to the transformations that accompany the intersemiotic translation of literature into polymodal communication. The empirical base is made up of «The Witcher Saga» by A. Sapkowski, two film series and a computer game. The comparative analysis of the factual material reveals the following trends. Cinematic implementation depends on the contacting linguacultures (native Polish in a small extent and unrelated American), on the technological capabilities of film production, on the target audience forecast. Transformations in film texts are optional and implement adaptation (in the Polish project) and appropriation (in the American one) with no alternative linear development of the plot. Transformations in game implementation have a more objective – conventional – character with alternative plot.

against the backdrop of globalization and the rapid development of new media, the form and content of media communications have undergone profound changes. Social media not only serve as a primary platform for disseminating information but are also becoming an important tool for shaping a country’s image, public diplomacy, and cultural export. Particularly in the context of deepening strategic cooperation between China and Russia, media communication between the two countries is not limited to traditional diplomatic communication but also carries out cross-cultural communication and the flow of information through new platforms. According to the latest data, as of June 2024, the number of internet users in China has approached 1.1 billion (1,099.67 million), an increase of 7.42 million compared to December 2023, and the internet penetration rate reached 78.0 percent, an increase of 0.5 percentage points compared to December 2023. Meanwhile, at the beginning of 2024, the number of internet users in the Russian Federation amounted to 130.4 million, the internet penetration rate was 90.4 percent, and the number of social media users was 106 million, or 73.5 percent of the total population.

the article searches for methodological guidelines and dominant factors influencing the development of cognitive structures of personality in the learning process. The relevance of the study is based on the need to develop logical-psychological and methodological aspects of pedagogical activity aimed at the formation and development of students' thinking in the context of the increasing complexity of the socio-cultural and educational environment, the unpreparedness of students for the integrating functions of cognition. The aim of the study is determined by the need for a logical justification of the relationship between the subsystems of the psyche in the context of the key ideas of the development of systemic thinking as the most important mechanism of cognitive activity and the result of learning. The objectives of the study are: analysis of the features of systemic thinking based on the understanding of mental reality as reflective and behavior-regulating activity of the brain, logical justification of the relationship between the subsystems of the psyche in the context of the key ideas of the development of systemic thinking; determination of the methodological significance of the established relationships of the subsystems of the psyche in an integral system for pedagogical practice. Scientific novelty is based on resolving the contradictions between the need of pedagogical practice for models of educational activity adequate to the new reality, and the unpreparedness of classical didactics for their systemic development. This allowed the author to define the contours of the systemic thinking model taking into account the interdisciplinary approach: structural and functional blocks (structural components of the psyche, forming subsystems) and procedural (integrating) mechanisms.The author analyzes the features of systemic thinking taking into account the neurobiological argumentation of mental activity, describes the process of systemic thinking as a holistic, complex, multi-level system of an emergent type. The following are identified as fundamental principles of systemic thinking: interconnectedness of elements; synthesis; dissipativity; synergy; feedback loops in information processing; cyclicality of cause-and-effect relationships in increasingly complex contexts; schematicity and visualization. The presented results can be used to develop program-methodical, didactic materials, the use of which contributes to the activation of personal qualities and the development of systemic thinking of students, determining the vectors of further research that make up for the lack of knowledge about the organization of modern learning processes.

this article comprehensively examines the multifaceted role of Big Data technologies in the context of developing digital competencies among pedagogical and managerial personnel. Particular attention is paid to such important aspects as the need to develop a set of skills and abilities related to working with educational data among teachers and heads of educational organizations, conducting research on the development of relevant educational programs for specialists in the field of education management, as well as the relevance of creating integrated information and analytical platforms capable of consolidating, processing and visualizing data from various sources. In addition, the work emphasizes the key role of developing digital competencies of teachers in the context of using big data to improve the quality of education, personalize learning, optimize resources, and make informed managerial decisions. Overall, this article focuses on the urgent need for purposeful and systemic work to develop analytical competencies related to the application of Big Data technologies in educational practice among teachers and school leaders.

modern education, like many other fields, is undergoing a digital transformation that requires revision and new approaches to the organization of the educational process. E-learning courses, which are widely implemented in universities, do not always meet the expectations of students in terms of methodological support, organizational and substantive content. Various approaches to the structure of e-learning courses are considered, both the positive and negative sides of the application are analyzed. The article presents the results of a study of students' opinions about e-learning courses, their structure, relevance, and the possibility of replacing a teacher. The differences in the component composition of the courses are considered depending on the field of study.

the article examines the process of informatization of the educational system in Russia and Kazakhstan, the relevance of which is due to rapid changes in the field of technology and globalization, requiring the adaptation of educational approaches. The purpose of the work is to identify the key factors contributing to the successful implementation of information technologies in the educational process, as well as the analysis of existing government initiatives, such as the Digital Kazakhstan program. To achieve the objectives, several methods were used, including the analysis of program documents and a comparative study of trends in the two countries. The main results show that the informatization of education significantly improves the quality and availability of educational materials, but there are a number of challenges, such as the need for funding, obsolescence of equipment and training of specialists. The author offers recommendations for further improvement of teaching technologies and development of teaching staff competencies for the effective integration of innovations into the educational process, which is an important step towards training qualified specialists in the context of digital transformation.

this article is a study of psychological and pedagogical support aimed at preventing deviant behavior among college students. The article pays attention to methods and approaches that promote their development in important social and personal skills, helping to gradually adapt to social and professional life. The author emphasizes the importance of complex interaction between students, teachers and parents, which contributes to the creation of a favorable educational environment and reduces the risk of deviant behavior. The article analyzes the key aspects of psychological and pedagogical influence and proposes strategies for strengthening the moral and social guidelines of students.

the article is devoted to the technology of mathematical representation development in children with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities who are learning AEP, option 8.4. The features of the implementation of the principles of teaching mathematical representations to such children are indicated, the need for a special organization of the lesson is determined, taking into account the special educational needs of students, changes in the content of educational material in the 2nd grade are justified, which will improve the quality of mastering mathematical representations, and an increase in the amount of time allocated for studying spatial and quantitative representations. The article presents special methods and techniques to increase the interest of students, as well as to ensure the transfer of acquired skills into everyday life. The results of the control experiment are presented, indicating the effectiveness of the work carried out. The scientific novelty lies in the creation of a technology for the development of mathematical concepts among students with ASD and severe intellectual disabilities, based on a special lesson organization, a differentiated approach, the integration of educational materials on home economics and mathematical material, as well as a system of didactic games and exercises.

the article discusses the issue of developing cognitive and linguistic skills of future engineers for hybrid working environments in Industry 5.0 while learning English for for professional purposes. The aim of this study is to offer a way to settle the argument between the need for future engineers to master English for effective interaction with AI services and reducing its learning period in technical universities. The study employs the methods of systematic analysis of recent scientific publications to reveal trends in teaching future engineers for Industry 5.0 a foreign language and to compare the results of a neural network service’s (chat.DeepSeek) responses to solve a practical task with a text query both in Russian and English languages. The findings provided a promising way of employing the prompt-engineering method to integrate cognitive, communicative and social aspects in teaching future engineers English for professional purposes. The success of this method is achieved by critical analysis of a neural network service responses taking into account the industry context, as well as by using it as a supplementary method to other existing methods (ICLHE, Project-Based Learning, Flipped Classroom). The practical relevance of this work is giving a recommendation to write a query both in Russian and English languages to minimise errors in interpretation, considering the industrial context and global trends. The results of this study may be useful for instructors of linguistic departments in technical universities to improve the efficiency of teaching future engineers within the digital transformation of education.

the purpose of the work is to reveal the use of artificial intelligence in art education using design classes as an example. Objectives of the work: to reveal the capabilities of artificial intelligence in art design classes; to analyze existing problems and specific recommendations for solving them in the context of art education using artificial intelligence technology; to present a unique author's development of the discipline "Artificial Intelligence in Art Design" for future designers, artists and teachers. The work considers the prospects for using artificial intelligence in art design classes in the system of modern higher education. It is important to note that these technologies are used in modern universities more and more often, and their possession gives students additional opportunities. This is a wider choice in employment, the development of creativity in creativity and liberation from a number of limiting stereotypes, as well as access to a larger amount of data than a living person is technically able to remember on their own. The article also highlights the problems associated with the introduction of artificial intelligence in art education. At the end of the work, a description of the discipline on the topic of "Artificial Intelligence in Artistic Design" for bachelors of artistic directions is given. The discipline is a unique development of the author of this article. The practical value of the work lies in the possibility of introducing this development, as well as individual practical recommendations, into the program of universities where future specialists in artistic design are trained.

this study examines the current situation, problems and directions of future development of foreign language talent training in Uzbek universities against the background of the “One Belt and One Road” initiative. With the increasingly close cooperation between China and Uzbekistan in the fields of economy, trade and culture, the demand for foreign language talents, especially Chinese and the languages of the countries along the “Belt and Road” initiative, has increased significantly in Uzbekistan. The article analyzes the changes made by Uzbek universities in foreign language specialization, innovative teaching methods and practical teaching, and points out the challenges faced by universities in Uzbekistan in terms of teaching staff, teaching resources and students' foreign language proficiency. The study also reviews the current situation and prospects of cooperation between Chinese and Uzbek universities in the field of foreign language talent cultivation, and puts forward suggestions to strengthen top-level design, increase investment and deepen international cooperation to improve the quality of foreign language talent cultivation in Uzbek universities and provide talent support for the construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative.

in this scientific work, the author briefly analyzes the features of the current state of the institute of complicity in crime in the context of developing digital environment. First of all, the author considers the essence and characteristics of the institute of complicity itself, analyzes its components. Then the author examines the features of the institute of complicity encountered in the current conditions of digital transformation, including an analysis of examples of judicial practice on the topic. In the conclusion of the scientific article, the author notes that the institute of complicity today continues to develop and improve, but this clearly cannot be called a positive trend. The object of the study is the features of the current state of the institute of complicity in crime in the context of developing digital environment. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive, consistent analysis of the features of the current state of the institute of complicity in crime in the context of developing digital environment. Research methods: formal-legal, comparative analysis, dialectical, generalization, specification, systematization, deduction, and other methods of theoretical and practical levels of scientific knowledge. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the preparation of a comprehensive study, the formation of the author's conclusions regarding the features of the current state of the institution of complicity in a crime in the context of the development of the digital environment. This scientific article, therefore, will be useful to theorists, practitioners, students and faculty of legal and other areas of training, as well as a wide range of readers interested in the problems and prospects of the current state of the institution of complicity in a crime in the context of the development of the digital environment.

energy consumption is an important component of the energy policy, the purpose of which is the most efficient use of natural energy resources and the potential of the energy sector for sustainable economic growth, improving the quality of life of the country's population and helping to strengthen its foreign economic positions. In this regard, produced, transmitted, consumed energy resources are subject to mandatory accounting using metering devices for the energy resources used. However, unscrupulous users of energy resources use various methods of influencing the operation of metering devices. It is possible to prove the fact of unauthorized influence by legal means with the help of an examination. The article is devoted to the issues of appointment and production of an examination of energy metering devices. The actions of an expert necessary for conducting an examination at the stage of preparation for the production of research and in the process of the research itself are considered. Practical advice and recommendations are given regarding the study of case materials, issues submitted for resolution to the expert, as well as the selection of samples for a comparative study. The need for this type of examination is emphasized, which will contribute to the implementation of tasks in the field of consumption and accounting of energy resources. The article is intended for experts, specialists of expert institutions in the field of trace evidence studies, employees of the court, prosecutor's office, advocacy and research institutions.

issues related to the court's right to award penalties in case of non-fulfillment of obligations imposed by the court within the framework of civil law rules introduced into the provisions of civil legislation in 2015 seem to be very relevant due to the fact that over the past few years there have been many lawsuits challenging the constitutionality of such rules. The article examines the development of the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the application of the institution of judicial penalties. The purpose of the study is to develop the main ways to resolve the issue of the relationship between the material and procedural components of the institution of judicial penalties in the Russian legal order. The work is based on the analysis of two fundamental decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, adopted on the issue of the application of a judicial penalty in the case of the protection of subjective public law and in a labor dispute. In the course of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that the resolution of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation adopted at the end of 2024 significantly changed the scope of the judicial penalty, which affected the scientific understanding of the nature of this institution.