No 2 (2024)
GENERAL EDUCATION
Using non-traditional drawing techniques to develop the creative abilities of children of primary school age
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the influence of non-traditional drawing techniques in art lessons on the level of development of creative abilities of children of primary school age. The authors analyzed the main directions in the study of this problem, such as the study of creative abilities and the development of creativity tests, the identification of the level of development of creative abilities of primary school children, the development of non-traditional drawing techniques, as well as the use of non-traditional drawing techniques for the development of creative thinking of primary school students. A key contradiction has been revealed that prompted the authors to study the influence of non-traditional drawing techniques on the development of creative abilities of primary school children. In the course of the study, the conditions for the development of creative abilities of primary school-age children in fine art lessons by means of non-traditional drawing techniques were identified and experimentally tested, technological maps of fine art lessons for students were developed. The results of an experimental study conducted with children of primary school age who showed positive dynamics of the development of creative abilities are presented. The recommendations proposed in the article can be used in pedagogical practice by primary school teachers.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):7-16
7-16
Methodological aspects of overcoming difficulties in mastering grammar by junior schoolchildren
Abstract
The problem of using graphic techniques of working with text in geography lessons is considered. The history of the development of techniques of working with text is described. The legal documents have been studied, which determine the importance of the formation of students’ skills to work with the text, including its graphical representation. The content of school geography textbooks is analyzed for the presence of tasks on working with graphic material in them. The graphic techniques of working with text (“Summary of paraphrases”, “Main thoughts. Terms and concepts. Questions on the topic”, “Denotational graph”, “Venn rings”, “Fishbone”, “Cluster”, “Logical reference notes”, “Mental map”) are described based on the material of different courses of school geography, with examples of tasks performed by pupils. The results of the survey of students on the assimilation of educational material through the graphical representation of the text are analyzed. It is concluded that the use of graphic techniques of working with text in geography lessons contributes to a deeper understanding of it, the development of imagination, the ability to systematize and classify, and to identify cause-and-effect relationships. The purpose of the article is to describe graphic techniques of working with text in geography lessons. The conducted survey of pupils shows interest in these techniques. The results are expressed in the justification of the need to develop students’ skills of the graphic representation of the educational text and introduce it into the educational practice of educational organizations.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):17-25
17-25
Organization of phenological observations in geography at school
Abstract
The problem of the introduction of phenological observations in school is considered. The basic terms of phenology are given. A review of the literature on the use of phenological observations in agriculture is carried out. The history of phenological observations in Russia and Tomsk is described. The state of phenology in Russia and Tomsk at the beginning of the XXI century is described. The authors have developed 15 indicators of observations of phenological phenomena in Tomsk for the spring period. A comparative analysis of their own phenological observations for the period from 2021 to 2023 with the results of previous years by other authors is given. The importance of popularization of phenological observations among schoolchildren is actualized. The content of school geography textbooks is analyzed for the presence of phenology tasks in them. Methodically developed and conducted four classes at school in the section “Phenology”, which are aimed at the formation of cognitive universal learning activities and the development of motivation for research activities. The ways of forming students’ skills of observing seasonal changes in nature during scheduled and extracurricular geography classes are shown. It describes the participation of one of the authors of the article in the development of tasks for the Regional phenological competition “Nature Calendar” in the Tomsk region. 32 people from Tomsk, Pervomaisky, Molchanovsky, Chainsky, Kargasoksky, Verkhneketsky region, as well as from the city of Strezheva took part in the “Nature Calendar” competition. The purpose of the article is to popularize phenological observations among schoolchildren of the Tomsk region.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):26-35
26-35
Online training of secondary school graduates for the State Unified Exam in English (parts “Speaking” and “Writing”)
Abstract
The article discusses the online training of secondary school leavers for the oral and written parts of the State Unified Exam in English (sections “Speaking” and “Writing” respectively). A brief description of the examination tasks, taking into account the changes made in 2022-2023, is given. The concept of “distance learning”, its advantages and disadvantages, the main forms of its implementation in the training of language production, as well as the comparison of digital tools used for distance training for the Exam are presented. Scientific novelty of the research consists of (a) typical problems that teachers and students face preparing for the Exam in a distant format; (b) examinees typical mistakes in open-type tasks of the Exam; (c) stages of the online training for (1) the oral and (2) written (Writing) parts of the Exam, as well as (3) the use of social networks by school-leavers are discussed. The findings showed that tasks “An oral thematic monologue statement based on a plan” and “An extended written statement based on a table / diagram)” cause the greatest difficulties. As for the use of social networks for the purpose of foreign language learning, the vast majority of respondents reported having such experience and named Telegram© the most popular service. Also, the analysis of average results of individual tasks completion along with typical mistakes made by examinees in the oral part of the Exam in 2020-2021 is provided. Among them are errors associated both with a low level of communicative and linguistic competences, and with weak meta-subject skills. On the basis of the data obtained, the stages of online preparation for the Exam tasks using the services of Flipgrid© (preparation for the oral part) and Telegram© (preparation for the “Writing” section) were identified. These include: (1) the development of linguistic competence by activation of students’ lexical and grammatical knowledge, (2) work on the criterion “performing communicative task”, (3) the use of audio recordings of students’ answers, (4) maintaining emotional and visual contact during on-line conversations, (5) the use of verbal and visual supports in the construction of oral responses.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):36-44
36-44
Using memoirs in teaching Regional History at school
Abstract
The problems of teaching regional history at school are actively discussed by the pedagogical and scientific community. The article focuses on the possibilities of using memoir texts of residents of the Tomsk region in teaching regional history. The general characteristics of the situation concerning the educational and methodological support of teaching regional history are presented. It is emphasized that a full study of regional history is impossible without referring to the level of the oblast, acting as a link with local history. Considering that there are currently no educational and methodological materials on the history of the Tomsk region, emphasis is placed on historical sources that can be included in the anthology or collection of documents that are an obligatory part of the educational and methodological complex. The collection “I am telling you, my dear ones, a true story” is being considered, in which the memoirs of residents of the Tomsk region are published. The characteristic of the narratives contained in it is given. The advantages of involving the collection into the educational process at school are revealed. The appeal to the collection will help the teacher to demonstrate one of the leading features of modern historical science – interest in the “little man”, which arose in connection with the development of microhistoric approaches in historical research, to show the potential and uniqueness of family archives. It will allow schoolchildren to more seriously comprehend the diversity of the historical and cultural heritage of the Tomsk region. The informative value of the memoirs presented in the collection will be useful in the study of the following sections on the history of Russia: “The Russian Empire in the XIX – early XX centuries” (themes “The Ethno-cultural image of the Empire”, “National-religious features”), “Soviet society in the 1920s-30s” (themes “The USSR in 1929–1941: “Stalinist Socialism”, “Cultural space”), “The Great Patriotic War. 1941–1945”, “The apogee and crisis of the Soviet system. 1945–1991” (theme “Late Stalinism” (1945–1953)).
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):45-52
45-52
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS
Development of the pedagogical system of a preschool institution in modern conditions
Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of development of the pedagogical system of a modern kindergarten in the context of openness and innovation. The synergistic effects of interaction with partner organizations are considered - improving the quality of education, the level of professional development of teachers. The essential characteristics of the concept of «open pedagogical system of a preschool educational institution» and its components are presented: the content of education, the role and functions of a teacher, an innovative educational environment, as well as a study of the readiness of teachers to create an innovative educational environment, building an educational process that takes into account the views, initiatives of the child, and the parent is included as a co-teacher and an equal participant in the activity. The material was a survey among educators of MADOU № 13 in Tomsk, educators-listeners of advanced training courses «Modern technologies in the professional activities of an educator» as part of the implementation of an additional professional program on the basis of the Tomsk State Pedagogical College, 3rd year students of the Tomsk State Pedagogical College studying in the specialty «Preschool education» with the qualification «Educator of preschool children». The results of diagnostic work to identify the difficulties of educators in working in an open pedagogical system became the starting point in the development of a modular program for the development of a teacher-educator, including progressively more complex educational tasks and an action plan to eliminate the deficits of a particular teacher. The article emphasizes the importance of new trends in the development of a modern kindergarten, associated with the revision of the system of preschool education. It is concluded that only a dynamic open pedagogical system of a modern preschool institution is capable of ensuring harmonious education and diversified development of the child’s personality.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):53-62
53-62
Core pedagogical values as the basis of inclusive teacher competence
Abstract
The article is devoted to the phenomenon of pedagogical values in the projection of inclusive education and their role in the formation of inclusive competence of teachers. The factors of the development of inclusive education and their role in the formation of inclusive competence of teachers are studied. The paper highlights the trends in the development of inclusive education, which are caused by an increase in the number of disabled children and awareness of the features of the inclusive process by participants in educational relations. The author focuses not only on the need to provide opportunities for joint education of students with special needs and normotypic children, but also on the effectiveness of the inclusive process. The results of a survey of teachers of secondary schools of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug conducted to identify difficulties in implementing and adapting the learning process of schoolchildren in the conditions of inclusion are presented. The place of the value system in the process of formation of inclusive competencies of teachers is considered. The classification of pedagogical values is adapted in accordance with the principles of inclusive education. The system of interrelation of educational value orientations and competencies formed by teachers in the process of understanding, awareness and acceptance of the principles of inclusive education is described. The paper presents the classification of values in the projection of inclusive education and is compared with inclusive competencies. The interrelation between pedagogical values that are formed when working in conditions of inclusion and inclusive competencies that are developed by teachers, guided by the relevant principles and applying values in practice, is indicated. The author focuses on the difficulties that arise in the process of applying practical skills of inclusive competencies by a teacher in the educational process.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):63-74
63-74
Social networks of youth communities: content features
Abstract
Social networks have become a part of our lives and young people are one of the most active groups on these platforms. The digital environment has significantly changed the format of communications, forming a different communicative culture. The authors of the article identified and studied the existing platforms for online communications: VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, Telegram, YouTube, made a list of formal youth communities, defined types, selection and their formation. Youth communities were identified based on expert interviews with the school directors’ assistants on educational work, educational advisers, curators of schools and colleges. They are the Russian Movement of Children and Youth, “The Movement of the First”, the Russian public organization Russian Youth Union, Russian children’s and youth military-patriotic public movement “Yunarmiya”, Russian competition “Big break”, the Russian public movement “Volunteers of Victory”, Mosvolonter, Young inspectors of Russia. This organizations interact with schools and colleges within educational work through the social networks. The authors analyzed the statistical pages of the youth communities in the social networks, in order to identify the features of the content and activities of communities; presented a comparative table of the characteristics of youth communities in the social network “VKontakte” according to the developed criteria. In conclusion, the authors found that “VKontakte” is the most popular social network among youth organizations; messenger «Telegram», basically, completely duplicates its content; the main content reflecting the activities of offline organizations includes news about competitions, promotions, events, posts that highlighting the activity of youth organizations; quizzes and votes have the greatest response from subscribers. The results allow to make conclusions about the possibilities of using social networks in building the educational work in educational organizations.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):75-84
75-84
ISSUES OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
On the priorities of education in the context of global problems of the modern world
Abstract
In the modern world there are serious socio-cultural changes and crisis phenomena of both local and global nature. Education, being an inertial system by nature, cannot keep up with rapidly changing events, and therefore it is constantly necessary to forecast and correctly prioritize its development. Historical and cultural analysis of the situation in Russia and the countries of Western civilization has revealed serious problems that cannot be solved without the active participation of education. The first problem is caused by the crisis of the policy of globalization and multiculturalism promoted by the West. Examples from history and modern times show that what is acceptable for some countries often becomes destructive and destructive for others. Consequently, the pursuit of a common cultural identity can be considered now only as a very distant prospect in the evolutionary process of humanity’s development. The priority of education today should be to provide targeted assistance in helping the growing individual and a particular people to realize their cultural identity, to develop in them a respectful attitude towards the cultures of other peoples and, on this basis, to pursue a productive intercultural dialogue. Other global problems that cannot be solved without the active participation of education are the energy and environmental crises and the consumer psychology imposed on people from an early age. The origins of these global problems are common and are not related to the political structure of states. There have been at least two periods in human history when people were on the verge of extinction. Each time they were saved by the fact that they found the strength to consciously change their way of life and themselves on the basis of jointly accepted and universally recognized values and taboos, that is, they showed themselves not only as rational beings, but also as moral and spiritual. This aspect is poorly reflected in the rationale of the competency-based approach and in the program documents on education adopted in Russia and the world in recent years. In line with the competence approach, an important priority of education today should be the development of people’s environmental consciousness and recognition of the priority of spiritual needs over material needs.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):85-94
85-94
Features of professional training of foreign specialists at a medical university
Abstract
Due to the expansion in the number of international students entering Russian medical universities, there is an increasing need to modernize the educational process using methods, techniques and technologies that are most effective for learning, understanding and memorizing the studied material, as well as the formation and development of general professional and professional competencies of future doctors, taking into account the specificity of the educational process at a medical university and national psychological characteristics of foreign students. The purpose of the article is to identify the specificity of teaching principal medical subjects to foreign students and recommendations for teachers on the organization of the process of teaching foreign medical students principal medical subjects, ordering the basic methods, techniques and technologies of teaching foreign students to such principal medical subjects as human anatomy, biological chemistry, intermediate level therapy, pharmacology, microbiology and virology, traumatology and orthopedics, infectious diseases. The article summarizes the main methods, techniques and technologies used in teaching foreign students basic medical subjects both in Russian and in an intermediary language, aimed at the formation and development of their general professional and professional competencies.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):95-103
95-103
Didactic tools as a condition for retraining welders on the basis of the training center of the enterprise
Abstract
Methodological substantiations of the use of didactic tools as a leading tool that forms the motivational, cognitive and professional activities of workers at the enterprise in the conditions of a production training center are presented. The theoretical significance of the studied problem in the theory and practice of professional training of workers in the field of welding production is determined. The concepts of “in-house training”, “in-house training”, “training in the conditions of the enterprise” are clarified. It is reasonable to fill didactic tools as a category of auxiliary means for conducting training and production classes in the conditions of the training center of JSC “Nizhnetagilsky Metallurgical Combine” from the position of in-house training. In the current situation, continuous development becomes one of the priority processes for the country. Standards are changing at a high rate, new equipment and new technologies are emerging, such processes require constant development in the field of human qualifications. A high-tech enterprise requires qualified employees, but it should be understood that after a while their qualifications will again be insufficient. At the present stage of industrial training according to the retraining programs of workers, modern information carriers are introduced in the theory and practice of teaching special courses. Currently, the main part of educational and teaching materials, including the text part of lecture materials, literary sources, illustrations, graphs, flowcharts, tables, diagrams, instructional and instructional-technological maps, practical cases.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):104-112
104-112
Pedagogical design as a way to enhance the learning process
Abstract
The use of new digital tools in education requires a revision of pedagogical approaches and developing of new academic programs. The article discusses the most important direction of Russian education, its features and degrees of digitalization to transform learning process. The raised question is about finding new ways of organizing pedagogical practice. One of these ways is pedagogical design that allows creating educational products to improve the quality. The author analyzes the experience of using pedagogical design in Russian and foreign universities. The definition if classified as a process, a branch of scientific knowledge and technology by various authors in the pedagogical literature. The author deduces the definition of pedagogical design as an innovative way to design educational programs and courses. The lists of model and features are emphasizes to be paid attention to by the developers of programs and courses. In addition, the article notes the basic principles for creating competitive educational programs and courses in the context of the modern educational paradigm. The potential of pedagogical design is revealed in modern conditions of educational digitalization. An analysis is made of the students’ learning activities, corresponding to the nine steps of R. Gagne’s learning and their combinations when building a training course. Examples are given on the material of the training course “Foreign Language” for students majoring in Law. In conclusion the author highlights the role of pedagogical design as a major factor to organize successful teaching and learning.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):113-121
113-121
PSYCHOLOGY
The specifics of avoiding behavior of students in various situations
Abstract
The article aims to present the results of the study of the characteristics of the avoidance strategy as a coping behaviour, as a way of resolving conflicts, and as a model of decision making. The battery of tests includes the Amirkhan dominant Coping Strategies Identification test (CSI), the Thomas-Kilmann test of predisposition to conflict behaviour (TKI), the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire test (MDMQ), D.A. Leontiev Life-purpose orientations test (LPO). Sample size was n=70. Testing was conducted simultaneously among two groups of male students receiving a legal education. The first group consisted of 18-year-old students of 1-2 years of study (n=34). The second group consisted of 22-year-old students of 4-5 years of study (n=36). It was found that 22-year-old students are more prone to es-cape stressful situations. However, they are less inclined to an avoidance strategy in conflicts-to-avoiding when choosing in uncertain situations. At the same time, they demonstrate a greater degree of flexibility of behaviour in stressful, conflict situations and when choosing in conditions of uncertainty, as well as greater comprehension of the system of life goals than 18-year-old students. According to the authors of the article, this is due to the high level of development of the image of the professional world due to the higher level of mastering the chosen profession among 22-year-old students completing their studies, compared to their younger colleagues just starting vocational training.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):122-128
122-128
Features of the development of emotional burnout among teachers of preschool educational institutions
Abstract
The article deals with the phenomenon of “emotional burnout”, the relevance of the study of which remains in the conditions of modern education. Definitions of this concept formulated by various authors are given. Various factorial and procedural models of burnout development are presented. The symptoms of burnout at different stages of its development are described. The description of the factors of the development of burnout syndrome identified in various psychological studies is given. Specific factors of burnout development depending on professional activity are highlighted. The reasons for the development of burnout among teachers of schools, preschool educational institutions and students of pedagogical universities are analyzed. All three categories of teachers indicate as the reasons for the development of burnout a high emotional, physical, and communicative load; a high level of social requirements; mismatch of expectations of the real situation in education. A comparative analysis of the symptoms and phases of emotional burnout syndrome among teachers of preschool educational institutions and teachers of secondary educational schools was carried out. The data of an empirical study of the symptoms of emotional burnout among teachers of preschool educational institutions are presented. The results obtained allowed us to identify a number of specific age-related features and trends in the development of emotional burnout syndrome in preschool workers. The diagnostic results obtained by V. V. Boyko’s method of diagnosing emotional burnout showed that, regardless of age, in most cases a phase of “Resistance” is formed, the most pronounced is the symptom of “Experiencing traumatic circumstances”, the least pronounced is the symptom of “Emotional and moral disorientation”. The materials presented in this article can be used when planning work on the prevention and overcoming of emotional burnout among employees of preschool educational institutions.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):129-139
129-139
The study of the relationship of the Dark and Light personality triads with psychological capital in students
Abstract
The relevance of the problem is due to the importance of identifying the relationships between integral personality characteristics that describe typical human behavior profiles. Such characteristics include Dark (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy) and Light (faith in humanity, humanism, Kantianism) personality triads and psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, optimism, stability). The purpose of the study was to identify the features of the relationship between the features of the Dark and Light personality triads and the parameters of psychological capital. In total, 103 students of Cherepovets State University, aged from 17 to 22 years (average age – 18.3 years), took part in the study. Specific methods were: the Russian-language version of the questionnaire of the Dark Triad by D. Jones and D. Paulhus, adapted by M. S. Egorova, M. A. Sitnikova, O. V. Parshikova; the questionnaire of the Light Triad of personality, developed by S. B. Kaufman, D. B. Yaden, E. Hyde, E. Tsukayama; the Russian version of the questionnaire by F. Luthans, C. M. Youssef and B. J. Avolio to identify the parameters of psychological capital in the adaptation of V. G. Maralov, M. A. Kudaki, O. V. Smirnova. The Pearson linear correlation coefficient was used as a mathematical treatment. As a result, it was found that only narcissism, which positively correlated with self–efficacy, hope, optimism and stability, was positively correlated with psychological capital and its individual parameters from the traits of the Dark Triad, and from the traits of the Light Triad - faith in humanity, which turned out to be associated with self-efficacy, optimism and stability. In addition, a positive relationship between humanism and optimism was found. The obtained results make a certain contribution to understanding the problem of the relationship of integral personality characteristics with each other, can be used in the work of curators of student groups, as well as in the activities of psychological services of universities.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):140-148
140-148
Thinking and art: the conjugation of anthropological practices
Abstract
The scientific discourse of modern post-non-classical psychology is characterized by overcoming monodisciplinary language in describing the multidimensional phenomenology of human existence and those practices through which a person constitutes his subjectivity and reproduces a meaningful, human way of life. Such anthropological practices include thinking and art, which make it possible to continuously complete and transform the picture of the world (both at the level of the individual and at the level of social consciousness). A work of art, from the position of the author of the work, is not only a means of aesthetic transformation of reality, but also a symbolic expression of life itself, concentrated and aesthetically loaded with the thought of her. Reflecting on the aesthetic and conceptual aspects of a work of art, a person receives unique opportunities: to reveal the meaning of non-obvious sign-symbolic correspondences between the events of his own life and their artistic equivalents; productively rethink the individual way of being, overcome the inertia of everyday rationality. The article reveals and receives theoretical justification for the functional connection, phenomenological proximity, and mutual reversibility of thinking and art. In both practices, a certain unity of affect and intellect, concept and metaphor, fantasy and common sense is revealed. Thinking is an internal moment of any artistic creation, but it, in turn, receives an intentional impulse from the same noetic, motivational sources as art. The similarity of the dynamics of mental search (especially its first phases) with the dynamics of the artistic act is shown, as well as the inclusion of specific emotional states in both processes. An integral link between the mental and artistic act is imagination, the main function of which here is to defamiliarize things and undermine established ways of constructing meaning. The author, using the example of the relationship between the central and implicit parts of scientific theory, reveals the phenomenology of the “breakthrough” of human creative thought beyond the boundaries of routine mental activity. This effect is a consequence of the repeated collision of established methods of conceptualization with fantasy anomalies that the imagination produces, thereby opening up an alternative search for eidetic and symbolic solutions.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):149-158
149-158
Psychological transformation of the student’s personality in the conditions of digitalization of education
Abstract
In the conditions of digitalization of the modern education system, the psychological development and transformation of the student’s personality takes place. Problematic issues of digitalization of education are among the most actively discussed in the modern psychological and pedagogical community. The study of specific psychological characteristics of the personality of representatives of the digital generation (modern schoolchildren) is very relevant, since psychological scientists today are actively discussing how to build effective strategies for interpersonal communication and behavioral interaction with the digital generation. Global digital improvisation brings many new opportunities to the educational process, but its consequences also pose serious social and psychological problems. Digitalization of education, the use of the latest digital educational technologies, the student’s stay in a virtual environment have a significant impact on the psychological development of the child, lead to transformations of his behavior, the formation of a specific digital personality. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the ideas of teaching staff about the personal and behavioral characteristics of modern students. The results of the prototypical analysis of empirical data obtained during a remote survey of practicing teachers allow us to conclude that the modern student, as well as his personal properties and individual psychological characteristics, are statistically reliably associated with the attributes of digitalization and digital space. It is shown that modern students have the properties and qualities inherent in representatives of the digital generation.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):159-167
159-167
Gender features of the relationship of evaluative conceptions with characteristics of self-attitude in adolescents
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical age for developing one’s own idea of social-normative assessment. This occurs in the correlation of the emerging system of one’s own assessments with different social contexts and the self-attitude of a maturing person. In line with the new direction of research on gender socialization in a transitive society, the question of the specifics of this relationship among adolescents of different sexes is of particular interest. In the corresponding study with the participation of Krasnoyarsk teenagers (N=145), the following were used: the author’s “Questionnaire of Evaluative Ideas”, “Self-Attitude Questionnaire” by V. V. Stolina, S. R. Pantileeva, “Self-Concept Scale for Children” (methodology of Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale by E. Pierce and D. Harris, adapted by A. M. Prikhozhan). Correlation analysis of the data showed that the connection between evaluative ideas and characteristics of self-attitude in samples of girls and boys has common and distinctive features. Common ones include the connection with a positive self-attitude of the prosocial nature of one’s own assessments and the perceived assessments of friends, as well as the greater tolerance, according to adolescents, of assessments by parents and other adults of anti- and antisocial actions. Specific features include a significantly wider range of connections between evaluative ideas and self-attitude in the sample of girls and a different structure of distribution of these connections among adolescents of different sexes. For girls, the greatest number of significant connections with the characteristics of selfattitude have assessments of manifestations of social success, for boys - assessments of compliance of behavioral manifestations with ethical requirements. As well as a large number of connections between approving assessments and self-attitude, manifestations of honesty stand out in girls, and balanced behavior in situations of disagreement in boys.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(2):168-178
168-178