No 1 (2024)
GENERAL AND ADDITIONAL EDUCATION
Resources of mathematics lessons in primary school for the implementation of environ-mental education
Abstract
Ecological problems are relevant today and confirm the need for environmental education of the younger generation. It is important to form not only knowledge, but also the activity component of environmental culture in order to gradually form a generation of citizens who are not indifferent to environmental problems. An analysis of the content of educational and methodological kits in mathematics and the surrounding world showed that there are deficiencies in this area. Ecological tasks in textbooks are contained either in insufficient quantity or are presented haphazardly. There are practically no tasks aimed at the formation of the activity component of ecological culture. At the ascertaining stage of the experiment, data were obtained confirming the relevance of environmental education. The students of the 4th grade have a poorly formed cognitive component of ecological culture. The directions in the work on the formation of ecological culture in mathematics lessons and in extracurricular activities are highlighted. The work experience in extracurricular activities to create environmental projects is presented. The article deals with the concepts of natural science literacy, environmental education and culture; the analysis of the experience of environmental education in Russia was carried out, the methods, forms, methods of work on environmental education were presented, the features of the selected didactic techniques in the work of specific teachers were highlighted. The analysis of the environmental situation in Tomsk is briefly presented, the main environmental problems are highlighted. The analysis carried out made it possible, on the basis of real data on the work of Tomsk enterprises, to draw up environmental tasks aimed at the formation of natural science literacy. Examples of tasks for the formation of natural science literacy based on the local history material of the Tomsk region are considered. These tasks address various types of environmental problems.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):7-16
7-16
Current state and problems of additional education development
Abstract
This article examines the increasing role of supplementary education, its demand among consumers and customers. It contains a brief analysis of the education market in Russia and the world, taking into account the development of the educational technology market. The segments of private and public education, their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The current state, regulatory changes in the field of supplementary education, the system of preparation of teachers of supplementary education for the implementation of labor functions, were studied with regard to the implementation of professional standards. The analysis of Russian and foreign literature on supplementary education teachers’ training, competence development, quality assessment, etc. was carried out. The analysis highlights a number of problems concerning the preparation of supplementary education specialists for professional implementation of labor functions at a high level, and these problems have not been addressed by modern scientists. Among the identified problems are the lack of prospects for the emergence of a sufficient number of qualified additional education specialists in the regions of Russia, low qualification of teachers and management of educational organizations, low technological literacy of teachers, the gap between the public and private segments of the education market, the obsolescence of traditional teaching formats, low motivation for change and development, burnout among employees of educational organizations, etc.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):17-24
17-24
Application of the “action research” method in the framework of the study of the phenomenon of multiliteracy
Abstract
The practice of applying the method of research in action (action research) in solving research problems is considered. Based on the history of the emergence and development of the method of research in action, the analysis of the practices of its application in scientific works, a description of the method was formed, as well as the principles of its application, which can be guided in conducting pedagogical research. The method has become widespread in English-language studies, as well as the phenomenon of multiliteracy, however, based on a search among many scientific sources in open resources, it is rarely used in the context of pedagogical research in Russian discourse. The use of the method of research in action in the study of the phenomenon of multiliteracy as an integrative personal characteristic necessary for interacting with a text of a new nature is substantiated. Using the presented method, the skills of a multiliterate person, which are formed during the development of the corresponding online course, are described. As part of the application of the method, the study of the practice of mastering multiliteracy as a new phenomenon for the Russian-speaking pedagogical discourse with relevant data was supplemented, and the most complete picture of all stages of its implementation was obtained. The stage of the dissertation research described in the article made it possible to solve one of the tasks set in it. The author cites not only the benefits of using the research method in action, but also the risks that may arise. The application of this method makes it possible to analyze the practical actions leading to the formation of the scientific provisions of pedagogical research and to contribute to the methodology of pedagogy.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):25-31
25-31
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Peculiarities of using the professionally oriented graphic tasks for railway students
Abstract
The training of the engineering personnel with a certain set of professional competencies that allow the use of modern scientific achievements and the level of digital technologies in the field of railway transport is of great importance today. The formation of the socalled graphic competency is one of the main general professional and professional competencies to be developed. The possibilities and advantages of the professionally adapted educational graphic tasks for the students of the railway construction specialty in the educational process, which contribute to the formation of the graphic competence, as well as the process of professional development of students, are considered. The examples of the professionally adapted educational graphic tasks for the railway construction specialty are presented.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):32-38
32-38
To the problem of meaning formation in the professional training of students – future envi-ronmental designers
Abstract
The problem of the quality of professional training of environmental designers is considered, expressed in the absence of students of personal and semantic inclusion in professional activity. The reasons affecting the level of meaning and goal setting in the process of teaching environmental design in higher education are analyzed. Ways of understanding and formation of professional identity are characterized. It has been established that the strengthening of the semantic component in the system of professional training of environmental designers at the university is facilitated by the semantic modeling of the image of oneself in the future profession in the context of personal characteristics and existing experience. Mechanisms of professional self-determination have been identified, involving semantic modeling of the image of oneself in the future profession, which actuates the essential forces of a person on the formation of personal qualities, social activity and the ability to independently target and readiness for self-realization in the field of design. The provisions of the methodology for teaching environmental design have been determined, effectively forming motivational attitudes among students in obtaining a profession and developing their professional skills and skills. The conditions for the personal-oriented training of students - future environmental designers, taking into account the formation of meaning, are described.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):39-46
39-46
Individual educational trajectory as a factor in student training in the direction of “Choreographic Art”
Abstract
The article discusses the basic principles of the organization of methods and techniques for building an individual trajectory of education in the process of preparing a choreographer student in the direction 52.03.01 “Choreographic art”. The authors focus on the actualization of this problem in the context of graduate training in artistic specialties at the University of culture. The angle of consideration of this problem is determined by the personalistic approach as a way of centered interaction between a teacher and a student, which is based on partnership determined by building an individual trajectory of student development in the context of the educational environment of the university. The individual trajectory of education is understood by the authors as a step-by-step process of movement projected by the department from the goals to the results of mastering professional competencies and the formation of a graduate’s personality as a subject of artistic, creative and pedagogical activity determined by the motivation for further independent growth. According to the authors, the educational environment of the University of culture should be formed as meeting the strategy of student-centricity – the defining vector of training in the areas of artistic profile. The features of achieving professional goals and objectives of the educational program “Choreographic art”, orientation (profile) “Pedagogy of modern dance” are revealed: pedagogical, creative and performing, choreographic and staged. The principles of designing and implementing an individual trajectory of education in this direction are formulated.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):47-53
47-53
LINGUISTIC EDUCATION
Longitudinal studies of language errors based on a German-language learner corpus
Abstract
In the age of digitalization and the active spread of corpus technologies in linguistic education, linguodidactics specialists are constantly discovering new opportunities in working with big data. One relatively new phenomenon in Russian education is the collection of corpora of student texts in a foreign language. It’s possibilities for linguodidactical research depend primarily on the duration of the data collection and on the markup that corpus contains. The article focuses on the corpus of German-language student texts PACT (Petrozavodsk annotated corpus of texts) and longitudinal research of types of linguistic mistakes made by students throughout the study of the German language for 5 years. The result of the research is statistics for 90 classes of errors, divided into 7 major groups – grammar, vocabulary, orthography, punctuation, discourse, omissions and superfluous elements – and the dynamics of these statistics over the 5 years of German language study. Comparison of the most frequent errors made by 1st and 5th year students respectively shows that subjects causing the most problems for students during all years of study are lexeme selection, orthography, omissions in text, punctuation and reverse word order. At the end of study problems with indefinite articles, adjective and noun declension, formation of plural form and gender of nouns are giving way to other issues such as superfluous elements in text, logic, word order in subordinate sentences and stylistic errors.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):54-64
54-64
Gradual exercises aimed at the formation of ethnocultural competence in teaching proverbs to vietnamese students
Abstract
The author highlights the importance of incorporating ethnocultural components in teaching Russian as a foreign language, especially in the context of globalization, and emphasizes that acquiring ethnocultural competence is one of the primary objectives of foreign language teaching. The author examines the concept of “ethnic culture” in the field of education and categorizes ethnocultural components, such as the culture of communication, behavior, history, lifestyle, traditions, customs, and holidays. Furthermore, the author proposes two approaches to define the concept of “ethnocultural competence”: from the perspective of students and from the perspective of teachers. The author also emphasizes the significance of anticipating factors and types of exercises that should be considered before designing gradual exercises, as well as criteria for assessing students’ levels of ethnocultural competence. The author outlines the principles of developing exercises that aim to form the ethnocultural competence of Vietnamese students while teaching proverbs containing ethnocultural components. These principles include a gradual transition from the initial to the final stages, a gradual increase in the complexity of exercises, and a sequential approach. Using these principles, the author describes the didactic materials that exemplify the exercises built on the presented principles. The author suggests that gradual exercises aim to form ethnocultural competence have a great teaching potential.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):65-72
65-72
The influence of socio-cultural and scientific-pedagogical factors on the development of approaches to teaching foreign languages in the late XX – early XXI century
Abstract
At the end of the XX – beginning of the XXI century, significant changes are taking place in the domestic language education, which led to a revision of the entire system of teaching foreign languages at all levels of education. Socio-cultural and scientific-pedagogical factors served as a kind of trigger for the modernization and development of approaches to the study of foreign languages. Against the background of rapidly expanding international cooperation in the 1990s, the pedagogical community focused its attention on the development of new approaches to language teaching. A detailed study of the influence of socio-cultural and scientific-pedagogical factors on the development of approaches to teaching foreign languages has been carried out. Concrete examples of the expansion and expansion of intercultural relations between Russia and Western countries after the collapse of the USSR are given. It is stated that rapidly developing international cooperation required people who speak foreign languages. Based on the theoretical analysis of scientific works of teachers, linguists and methodologists, the key ideas of communicative and culturological approaches to teaching foreign languages are characterized. It is concluded that communicative and culturological approaches to the study of foreign languages were designed to optimally promote their rapid assimilation, the development of communicative competence, the acquisition of communication skills with representatives of other countries, the comprehension of the culture of other peoples for productive interaction in various fields of human activity.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):73-78
73-78
PROBLEMS OF COMMUNICATION
Educational communication, engagement and agency as pedagogical phenomena
Abstract
Nowadays the organization of educational communication among students is an important condition contributing to the development of hard, soft and self-skills necessary for future specialists. The phenomenon of educational communication is considered in the context of collaborative activities between a teacher and students at a higher school. The article presents a comparative analysis of educational and pedagogical communication, which is based on the following criteria: purpose, content, positions of participants, methods of organization, results. Educational communication is defined as a collaborative activity of the teacher and students where the teacher’s role is changed from the leader to the partner and the students become active participants of the learning process. The authors focus on the key characteristics of educational communication – engagement and agency, which enable students to be involved in studying and have an influence on the process itself. The conclusion is made that the engagement of the participants in communication is provided by special metateaching methods universal for any academic subject. The prospect of further research is to consider metateaching means and didactic scenarios necessary for organizing educational communication between the teacher and students in order to achieve subject, meta-subject and personal learning outcomes.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):79-89
79-89
Optimization of didactic communication of a physical education and sports teacher in the context of digital transformation of education
Abstract
The issue of developing a technology for optimizing the resource component of the professional and personal development of a specialist in physical education, which have been updated in connection with digitalization trends in the educational system, is considered.The characteristic of didactic communication in the form of transmission and reception of information between the subjects of the educational and training process, the characteristics of the assimilation of knowledge, motor skills, skills and the formation of a healthy lifestyle are given.The specificity of communication in physical culture and sports classes in the conditions of digital transformation is revealed, which brings changes in the subjects of education at the personal, professional-group and socio-cultural levels. On the part of the teacher of physical culture, this is manifested in the constant updating of their knowledge, tracking changes in the educational needs of students over time, mastering the skills of persuasion, demonstrating their attitude to a healthy lifestyle and physical activity as a factor in the effective life support of a modern member of society.The effective tools of online and offline interaction, didactic content of the educational and training process, which contribute to increasing the level of physical development and physical fitness, the attitude of students to physical activity and interest in classes as a component of the cultural development of students, are described.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):90-98
90-98
PSYCHOLOGY
Development of a questionnaire on implicit theories of education
Abstract
The results of the development and psychometric testing of the questionnaire of implicit theories of education are presented. Implicit theories are considered by many researchers as the fundamental basis for organizing the knowledge of the world by the subject and systematizing individual experience. Their study allows us to determine the system of the subject’s relationship to reality, his ideas about it and behavioral models determined by the content of these theories. Implicit theories have a different subject orientation, being included in various aspects of an individual’s life. Specific activity contributes to the formation of characteristic implicit theories. In this sense, implicit learning theories are part of the educator’s mindset. Based on the theory and practical material of studies of implicit theories of various nature, the questionnaire of implicit theories of education reveals new opportunities for the development of the concept of implicit theories in the field of educational psychology and pedagogy. Within the framework of the study, the implicit theories of education that function in the minds of students of a pedagogical profile of training are described.At the analysis stage, four pedagogical concepts were identified, which formed the basis for the development of the questionnaire. These concepts represent the historically established principles of education, dragged into real pedagogical practice. The development of the questionnaire confirmed the validity of the four-factor model for describing implicit theories of education, which substantially corresponds to the selected educational concepts. Additional methods for measuring validity showed results consistent with the data of the developed questionnaire. It is shown that students of pedagogical training profiles have specific and differentiated ideas about the educational process. The prospects for further use of the developed questionnaire are presented.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):99-106
99-106
Dynamics of sensitivity to a human among students of psychological and pedagogical directions of training
Abstract
The modern educational process in a higher educational institution should have a personal and professional orientation. The development of personal and professional competencies necessary for future teachers and psychologists is the most important task of training specialists in this area. Sensitivity to another person is one of these competencies. The theoretical part of the article analyzes the concept of “sensitivity to a person,” reveals the structure of this concept and describes the components of sensitivity to another, such as interest in a person, empathy, understanding and help.The purpose of empirical research is to identify the dynamics of sensitivity to humans in students of psychological and pedagogical areas of training. In total, 163 students of psychological and pedagogical areas of training at Cherepovets State University (from 1 to 5 years) took part in the study. As a result, it was found that the level of sensitivity to humans among students of psychological and pedagogical areas of training is quite high, some of its decline occurs only in the second or third year. The most pronounced sensitivity parameters in students of all courses are empathy and help. To a lesser extent, students have an interest in the individual and an understanding of the individual.The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that an analysis of the dynamics of sensitivity in students of psychological and pedagogical areas of training is presented, “problem” zones have been identified when it is formed at different stages of study at the university.The data obtained show the importance of purposeful formation of sensitivity to humans among students of psychological and pedagogical areas of training both in the framework of educational activities and in extracurricular activities.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):107-114
107-114
Relationships between problematic smartphone use and Machiavellianism, personality orientation and communication skills
Abstract
The relationship between smartphone addiction and psychological ill-being established in research prompted the introduction of a new construct – “problematic smartphone use.” This study tests the hypothesis of the relationship between problematic smartphone use and Machiavellianism, personality orientation, and communication skills. Data for the empirical study were collected through online testing of 713 respondents in Belarus and Russia, including 361 women and 350 men. The working hypothesis was confirmed: the study showed that problematic smartphone use is positively correlated with Machiavellianism, self-direction, dependent and aggressive behavior, and negatively with task focus, confident behavior and age.These conclusions about the connections between problematic smartphone use and Machiavellianism and types of behavior correspond to similar foreign results. The relationship between problematic smartphone use and personality orientation has not previously been studied.The practical significance of the results obtained includes their possible use in preventive work to prevent students from falling into a state of smartphone addiction.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):115-122
115-122
Prevention of bullying among teenagers by methods of social theater
Abstract
In recent years, we have seen an increase in bullying situations among teenagers. According to the World Report on Violence against Children, one in ten schoolchildren in the world is exposed to violence in an educational environment, and this figure is increasing every year. Bullying negatively affects the emotional state of children, personality development, and can lead to tragic cases. The task of the teaching staff of educational institutions is to prevent precedents of cruelty among adolescents, to prevent bullying. Effective methods of bullying prevention at school include social theater. Social theater involves a group form and step-by-step work: preparing a performance on the topic of bullying and showing it to the audience with subsequent discussion. Through social theater, it is possible to simulate various situations that reproduce the conflict situation of adolescents with the search for a way out of it. The peculiarity of the social theater is the involvement of the audience in the ongoing process, their participation in the discussion, the opportunity to switch places with the performers of the roles, in practice to demonstrate the proposed solutions to the problem. Theatrical practices contribute to the social activation of adolescents, the acquisition of communication skills, and the testing of social roles through dramatization and improvisation. Social theater is an effective and gentle method when dealing with bullying, age and existential crises, interpersonal and intrapersonal problems. Social theater performs a wide range of functions in relation to participants and viewers: informational, educational, cognitive, developmental, social and communicative. Bullying prevention through social theater is aimed at understanding the topic of bullying, developing a negative attitude towards it, realizing the extent of the problem and ways to solve it.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):123-132
123-132
Approaches to building communication and interaction with modern children in the context of ensuring their psychological safety
Abstract
The relevance lies in identifying new challenges and threats related to the problem of organizing pedagogical communication and educational interaction with children of generation Z. The novelty lies in the fact that the problem of ensuring the psychological security of the individual in the educational environment is viewed from the perspective of two approaches: age-psychological and information-pedagogical. The first of them is associated with taking into account the peculiarities of the Z-generation when building communication and educational interaction with them, the second involves the specification of the use of digital technologies in the educational environment, taking into account the risks and threats that may arise when using them. The traditional general psychological patterns of teaching, development, and education of schoolchildren are being revised in the context of the need to take into account the features of the digital generation and modern conditions for the implementation of the educational process. The importance of increasing the authority of the teacher, the development of his demanded pedagogical abilities, the formation of value relations to children, profession, himself as a constantly developing personality and professional is emphasized. The identified risks and threats constitute a special layer of the educational work of a modern teacher in the context of ensuring the psychological safety of students both in the educational process and beyond.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):133-140
133-140
Leveling the negative manifestations of narcissism in students by the method of jungian sand therapy
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been an increase in the destructive influence of narcissistic patterns on the life of modern society. Such phenomena as selfishness, pride, and skepticism are promoted in social networks and advertising and offer a new model of behavior. More and more people are striving to improve various aspects of their lives – from their own body to family and business. However, the desire for excellence and success can lead to bitter disappointment and dissatisfaction. This article is devoted to the issue of leveling the negative manifestations of narcissism by the method of Jungian sand therapy, since in practice there is a lack of methodological developments to help people with narcissistic manifestations that have not reached the clinical level. The purpose of the study: to test a training program for leveling the negative manifestations of narcissism among students using the Jungian sand therapy. The training program developed by us is dedicated to the transformation of narcissism based on sand therapy and is a synthesis of Carl Jung’s ideas and personal experience of using art therapy. Such work is based on the creation of artistic images from various materials: stones, sand, water, etc. The technology for implementing the training program included the following forms of work: psychodiagnostics, mini-lecture, express survey, workshop, amplification, individual counseling, group training. Analysis of the results of the study confirms a positive trend in the transformation of narcissistic manifestations and can be recommended for use in psychological practice to help people with manifestations of narcissism.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):141-148
141-148
The connection of mothers’ emotional burnout with irrational beliefs
Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the connection of mothers’ emotional burnout with their irrational attitudes in thinking, such as “catastrophization”, “ought towards others”, “ought towards oneself”, “intolerance of frustration”, “evaluative attitude”. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the problem of irrational attitudes is becoming more and more relevant due to the expansion and deepening every year of problems related to parental burnout, the inability of mothers to carry out their functions for the development and upbringing of children, to realize the availability of internal resources that can help in overcoming crisis situations; in the presence of attempts to scientifically comprehend the problem of irrational attitudes in psychology, there are currently a number of unexplored issues, in particular, the identification of irrational attitudes of mothers underlying their emotional burnout, which was the problem field of the study. The greatest number of links between the indicators of emotional burnout of mothers was established with the irrational attitudes “intolerance of frustration” and “evaluation attitude”, reflecting the degree of intolerance by mothers of various frustrating situations and the tendency to evaluate not individual traits or actions of people, but the personality as a whole. In the theoretical aspect, knowledge on the problems of emotional burnout of mothers, irrational attitudes have been enriched, an analysis of the approaches of domestic and foreign scientists to the definition of the categories “emotional burnout”, “irrational attitudes” has been carried out. In practical terms, the results of the study can be used in the activities of a psychologist to correct and prevent the syndrome of emotional burnout of mothers, which will minimize the consequences of distress that mothers experience in parenthood.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(1):149-158
149-158