No 7 (2025)

the article examines the components of historical memory and national identity using the example of the novel "Past Wars" by the Chechen writer Kanta Ibragimov. These components have been studied in a work of Chechen literature to form an appropriate concept that can be of potential interest to the scientific community and other authors of national literature. The author of the article carried out a literary review among representatives of the scientific community, who in recent years have investigated the functional purpose of the components of historical memory and national identity used in literature. The prerequisites for the considered components of artistic works have been separately identified among researchers whose scientific works are devoted to K. Ibragimov's novel "Past Wars". In the process of analyzing the novel by the Chechen writer in question, the components of the concept of historical memory and national identity were revealed for the first time, the uniqueness of which consists in the writer's initial orientation to the biography of the hero of the work of art, the use of constituent elements of the environment surrounding the hero, in the transition of the narrative into memories and the return of the reader to the narrative component and other techniques. The key aspect of the presented concept is the continuity of the inner experience of the hero, caused by the actual absence of the fact of completeness of the source of significant shocks in his life. Following the formation of the concept of historical memory and national identity based on the novel by the Chechen writer, the studies mentioned as a literary review were additionally considered from the point of view of a possible synthesis of existing scientific views and the methods used by K. Ibragimov to involve the reader in rethinking the subject of the shocks experienced by the hero. Based on the presented concept, the probability of the development of the historical and ethnic novel genre in modern national literature is additionally revealed.

the article explores lexical means of expressing the “Self – Other” opposition in English-language game discourse, which constitutes a digital form of communication. The aim of the study is to identify and classify lexical markers of identity and alienation that construct binary opposition within the framework of team interaction. The analysis is based on in-game utterances, where the communicative strategy focuses on distinguishing allies from opponents through lexical resources. The key mechanisms of this opposition are identified as prefixal and suffixal formations, core lexical items, and stable expressions with a pragmatic marking function. It is shown that such language units not only describe in-game events but also shape the image of an ally or an adversary. The findings may be applied in media linguistics, cognitive linguistics, and foreign language teaching in the context of contemporary digital communication.

this paper explores the semantic features of kinship-related vocabulary in the phraseology of English, Russian, and Kumyk. The goal is to systematically classify phraseological units containing kinship terms, and to identify linguistic and cultural differences among these languages. The study aims to identify both universal and unique aspects of the "kinship" concept in these three linguistic cultures.The relevance of this work stems from the need for comparative analysis across languages to understand the social, psychological, and cultural aspects of family relationships. As a result of the study, based on a continuous sample of more than 150 phraseological units from specialized dictionaries, both general models of kinship representation and national-specific features have been identified. These features are most clearly manifested in the figurative means of expression, evaluative components, and symbolism of kinship roles.

the article examines the problems of intercultural dialogue in the context of the digital reality of the modern media space. The article analyzes the evolution of language in the context of digitalization, which has become rapidly developing at the present time: the scaling of the digitalization process in the modern media space, cultural and educational environment could not but affect the language. The process of blurring the differences between the media and media content during the active development of virtual reality is noted. The media world is presented as a location, an isolated space where it becomes possible to participate in the process of forming a person's identity, to gain the opportunity for self-realization. Intercultural communication is described as a special type of communication based on a two-way process that contributes to changing the state, content and functions of one culture under the influence of another. The article touches upon the problem of reliability of information and trust in news in the media against the background of geopolitical transformations and changes, and notes the need to counteract the uncontrolled dissemination of unverified and unedited information in the digital environment. The role of the Russian language in intercultural communication is being actualized as the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages and the most widely spoken language in Europe, both geographically and in terms of the number of native speakers.

the article examines the paradigmatic relations of the terms of initiative budgeting, their role in the formation of professional discourse and system terminology. Paradigmatics, understood as a branch of linguistics that studies the juxtaposition and selection of mutually exclusive elements of language, is used to analyze economic terms. The article emphasizes that these relations are based on associative relationships, such as synonymy, antonymy, or hypo-hyperonymy, which allows us to structure the terminological system and identify its hierarchical relationships. Special attention is paid to the cognitive aspect of paradigmatics: the processes of conceptualization and categorization of economic concepts are considered as key to understanding their functionality in professional communication. The terms of proactive budgeting are analyzed through the prism of their belonging to lexico-semantic paradigms, which demonstrates their interchangeability. The article also touches upon the issues of epidigmatics – the derivative relations of terms that arise through word formation or semantic development. This is especially true for dynamically developing areas of the economy, such as proactive budgeting, where new terms are formed based on existing paradigms. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of applying the conclusions to optimize terminological standards, train economists and improve the accuracy of translations.

every year the communication space of brands changes significantly, new technologies that simplify access to information services are created, the user gets more and more opportunities to be included in brand communications. One of the resources for achieving high positions of a brand is user-generated content (UGC), a new digital format that allows consumer loyalty. The article presents the practices of brand interaction with consumers and shows how loyalty is formed because of UGC applications in new media.

the article examines the linguistic features of modern song lyrics as a special type of communication. The paper gives different interpretations of the terms "discourse" and "song discourse" from a linguistic point of view. The main purpose of the study is to identify the key lexical and stylistic distinguishing features of modern song discourse. The article examines the specific features of the lexical composition, as well as stylistic techniques characteristic of current song lyrics. Thus, the lexical and stylistic analysis of the texts presented in this work shows that they combine elements of modern youth language, imagery and emotional intensity. The use of colloquial vocabulary, borrowed words, rhythmic structure and repetitions makes the song attractive to listeners and reflects current cultural and social trends. The article also notes that in modern song discourse there is a tendency to blur the boundaries between different styles and registers, an active mixture of high and low vocabulary, poetic images and prosaic everyday details. This reflects the general democratization of the language and the desire for maximum expressiveness and closeness to the listener. The song not only entertains, but also conveys important emotional and social messages, which makes it significant in the context of modern song discourse.

this article is devoted to the study of the role of connotative vocabulary in ethnic television programs and its influence on the formation of a positive image of peoples. The study analyzed the lexical means used in the releases of the programs "Po sekretu vseyu svetu", "Zapretnyy Kitay" and "Nashi inostratsy" in order to identify evaluative connotations that contribute to the creation of vivid and positive images of ethnic groups. Theoretical approaches to the concept of "connotation", its emotional, expressive, evaluative and stylistic components are considered. As a result of the study, the main types of connotative vocabulary were classified: figurative and expressive means (epithets, metaphors, periphrases, comparisons, antitheses), syntactic constructions (series of homogeneous members, exclamatory sentences) and vocabulary with an alien stylistic coloring (colloquial expressions, jargon). An analysis of examples of the use of these means, allowing the formation of the image of an ethnic group, its culture and life, was carried out. The findings demonstrate that connotative vocabulary plays an important role in creating an emotional expressive image of a people and a tolerant perception of ethnic information among the audience, contributing to the development of interethnic dialogue and mutual understanding.

this article examines the linguistic means used by A.N. Tolstoy in the story «The Russian Character» to express the author's position in relation to the depicted characters and events. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze how these means contribute to the formation of the reader's perception of the «The Russian character». The objectives of the study include identifying and classifying vocabulary (evaluative, emotional), syntax (emphasizing constructions), tropes and figures of speech (metaphors, epithets, irony), narrative manner, rhetorical questions. Particular attention is paid to the role of these means in creating a multifaceted image of the «The Russian character» – a combination of heroism, modesty and moral fortitude, as well as in expressing the author's assessment. The context of the use of linguistic means, their interaction and influence on the general meaning of the text are analyzed. It is described how lexical, syntactic and stylistic devices form an emotional impact on the reader and convey the attitude to the war. This study contributes to the study of the mechanisms of the influence of language on the formation of cultural ideas and ideologies, and the results obtained can be used in further studies of Tolstoy's prose and in methodological developments in teaching literature for a deeper understanding of the ways of expressing the author's position in a literary text.

this article examines the possibility of using the innovative "language portfolio" technology in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language (RFL). The author of the article focuses on the importance of this technology. The article describes tools from the field of pedagogy, psychology, and teaching methods of RFL that can provide students with a reliable and accessible way to evaluate their success in learning foreign languages. In the modern world, learning foreign languages, in particular Russian as a foreign language, is becoming increasingly relevant. The successful acquisition of Russian as a foreign language (RFL) depends not only on the teacher's professional training, but also on his ability to take into account the psychological and pedagogical characteristics of students. This article examines the importance and practical aspects of the application of an innovative method of teaching the Russian language – the "language portfolio" technology. Special attention is paid to how this technique contributes to the formation of knowledge and skills among international students, as well as to improving their self-esteem.

the scientific article is devoted to the analysis of pedagogical views on modern development. The study of this topic attracts the attention of many researchers for a deeper study, since modern pedagogy is concerned with the search for new teaching methods. The object of the study is the transformation of pedagogical theories and practices in the context of the modern era and the development of neurons. The subject of the study is the integration of neuropedagogy as a key factor in the civilization of education in the 21st century. Neuropedagogy, advancing on the styles of neurobiology, cognitive psychology and pedagogy, offers scientifically based strategies for optimizing the process of economic development. This actualizes the need for this study, the purpose of which is to identify the key challenges, trends and prospects of pedagogy in the 21st century. The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to interrupt the challenges. The novelty is the research, concluded in the complex analysis of the synergy of digitalization and neuropedagogy. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the pedagogical tools presented in our guidelines for the development of the educational system, where technologies and neuroscience are provided with tools for humanizing learning and revealing the abilities of students. The use of such a direction in the university can increase the effectiveness of learning, understanding of complex concepts, motivation of students and reduce their cognitive overload.

the presented study examines the integration of sports tourism into the training of university cadets of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA), due to the discrepancy between traditional physical training and the professional requirements of modern law enforcement agencies, which raises questions about improving the effectiveness of training specialists. The revealed situation indicates the relevance of the study. In an era marked by complex challenges to public security (terrorist challenges, trans-regional criminal activity, operations to eliminate the consequences of natural disasters, etc.), cadets of the Ministry of Internal Affairs must possess knowledge, skills, psychological qualities that ordinary physical training often does not fully provide. Sports tourism is promoted as an innovative pedagogical solution combining physical exercises, hiking and other hikes, and the development of practical skills (for example, orienteering, first aid in the wild, and expedition-style coordination). Reproducing real-world scenarios of law enforcement agencies (for example, navigation on the ground for patrolling, group problem solving for interdepartmental operations), it combines theoretical knowledge with practical application. The following tasks were solved in the course of the study: * analysis of the positive impact on the level of physical fitness of cadets of universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs; * analysis of the impact of sports tourism activities on the formation and upbringing of professionally significant physical qualities and skills. The main results show that the use of sports tourism significantly increases the spatial orientation of cadets (through orientation on the terrain), stress tolerance (when performing expeditionary tasks with a high load) and the ability to solve problems together (during team assignments) compared with traditional physical training. The presented research contributes to the reform of vocational education of the Ministry of Internal Affairs by offering a theoretical framework for “professionally oriented sports education” and practical strategies for curriculum development, pedagogy and assessment. By transforming physical training into “professional development,” the authors of the study seek to create a basis for training effective law enforcement professionals capable of solving the challenges of public safety in the 21st century.

spiritual and moral development of the younger generation in pre-revolutionary Russia was a multifaceted and deeply rooted socio-cultural process. The spiritual paradigm literally permeated the public space, defining the contours of the worldview and behavior patterns of various social strata. The Orthodox picture of the world was not just an ideological construct, but also a deep cultural code that was transmitted through family practices and liturgical rituals. The home and the sacred space of the temple became true cradles of the formation of the personal matrix, where fundamental ethical norms and spiritual attitudes were inherited through subtle mechanisms of intergenerational interaction. Religious education was not a formal procedure, but an existential process of absorbing traditional values that structured individual and collective existence. In pre-revolutionary Russia, religious education played a key role in shaping a child's personality, determining his or her worldview, moral values, and behavior patterns. Orthodoxy was not just a religion, but an integral system of spiritual and social development of the younger generation. The main principles of religious education were: veneration of traditional values; formation of Christian morality; education of obedience and humility; development of spiritual culture; patriotic education through service to God and the Fatherland.

the article presents the results of a study of the distribution of plantar pressure in speed skaters using a modern NovelTM Pedar-X measuring system in combination with the Mymotion inertial motion capture system. Eight Chinese male speed skaters aged 15-18 years took part in the experiment, which was conducted from January to March 2024. A comparative analysis of the pressure indicators on the soles of both feet was performed during straight-line movement and turns. It was found that when moving in a straight line, the average pressure on the right sole exceeds that of the left by 14%, while in turns, the opposite trend is observed with an increase in the load on the left foot. Significant variability in plantar pressure was revealed, due to the individual characteristics of the technique and anthropometric characteristics of the athletes. The ranges of minimum and maximum pressure values are determined, reaching a tenfold difference between the phases of the movement cycle. The obtained data demonstrate the efficiency of using plantar pressure measurement systems for objectifying the analysis of technical fitness of speed skaters, individualizing the training process and optimizing sports equipment. The results of the study can be used to improve the biomechanical structure of athletes' movements and develop targeted methods for increasing the efficiency of speed skating technique.

the article discusses key aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders, as well as the pathopsychological profile and clinical characteristics of this polyetiological group of diseases. Particular attention is paid to the study of psychomotor development of children with autism spectrum disorders of primary school age, including the identified delays in the formation of everyday adaptation skills, motor skills, impaired coordination, hypermobility, and somatic disorders. The author provides theoretical information revealing the role of adaptive physical education as a technology of habilitation, rehabilitation and a means of corrective influence on the psychomotor sphere of children in this category. The issue of organizing correctional and developmental classes for primary school children with autism disorders in the context of conscious and purposeful pedagogical influence is discussed, examples of practical experience in this area are given. The role of physical education as an important vector for the development of physical functions is especially noted. Preferred areas for the application of a personalized approach to the diagnosis of psychomotor indicators and support for children with autism spectrum disorders of primary school age are highlighted, contributing to their successful social adaptation and integration into society.

the presented article provides an experimental justification for the use of the creative project method in studying history in secondary school, which helps to increase the level of student involvement in the educational process, and also allows students to consolidate the material covered in the school course. The purpose of the study was to find ways to apply project activities in the context of the educational process in history lessons. When implementing the creative project method, the researchers focused on the development of students' competencies, critical thinking, the use of their skills and abilities, as well as the implementation of students' creative abilities. In addition, great importance was given to the development of students' creative abilities and the identification of students who, without demonstrating a high level of academic performance in the subject, showed themselves to be creative individuals with high potential. The study identified the specifics of organizing students' work on creative projects, noted the most frequently chosen forms of implementing their projects, and drew conclusions about the effectiveness of the project-activity method, which allowed students to consolidate subject knowledge, prove themselves in project activities, and continue to improve previously acquired creative skills. The study can find practical application in teaching history in middle and high school, and can also be used in developing educational and developmental trajectories for gifted children.

this work reflects the specifics of the organization of monitoring of such indicators of tennis players as speed and strength abilities. These criteria are important throughout the training, but special attention is paid to them at the training stage, which identifies and activates the potential of the athlete. Speed and strength abilities have characteristics that are important for organizing further training and understanding the athlete's potential for further development. At the same time, it is important to understand that the development and improvement of such skills does not take place spontaneously and the organized process includes a conscious selection of teaching methods and technologies, as well as monitoring the dynamics of the level. The author explores not only the content of speed and strength abilities, but also ways to improve them in the context of effective control organization. Monitoring is considered not only as a tool for identifying the level and quality of knowledge, but also as a way to localize risks and problems. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of controlling the speed and strength abilities of tennis players during the training stage. The object of this article is to specify the features of tennis players' abilities at the training stage, the subject is to control the dynamics of the development of speed and strength abilities.

the article presents the results of the analysis of the throwing readiness of the Pomor team within the framework of the Russian Floorball Championship among men's teams of the major league (2022-23 season). Based on the analysis of 12 games, the general indicators of the team's attacking actions and their distribution by periods of the game were determined. The study revealed a tendency to decrease in throwing activity from the first to the third period of the game, which amounted to 37.1%, 32.5% and 30.4%, respectively, of the total number of attacking actions. The average number of throws and hits per game was 50.75 ± 10.6 actions. The maximum activity indicators were recorded against lower-level teams, the minimum - against equal opponents. The results of the study can be used to develop training programs and optimize tactical game schemes.

the development and improvement of motor qualities forms the basis of functional readiness of athletes. Their manifestations in different sports and disciplines are not the same. The specifics of competitive wrestling determine the rank structure of the degree of their influence on the effectiveness of performances. A high level of mastery of one's body in swimming, both in the air and in the water, is considered an effective means of improving results, is specific in nature and places special demands on the development of coordination and taking into account its impact on the development and improvement of other motor qualities that form the basis of athletes' functional readiness. The main research method was a pedagogical experiment with pupils of a children's and youth school. During the 2024-2025 training year, they performed tasks with a fairly large number of exercises aimed at increasing the level of coordination of movements during competitive exercises, which are based on improving neuromuscular regulation. Improvements occurred due to an increase in distance speed due to the use of a more rational technique that reflects the specifics of a long crawl and reduces the time required to complete a large number of turns. During the competition, the athletes were able to implement a planned tactical scheme for completing the distances, to engage in competitive wrestling at the right moment, which also reflected in an improved result and a high command position.

the article provides a comprehensive analysis of the lexico-grammatical difficulties encountered by Chinese students at different stages of learning Russian as a foreign language (RFL). At the beginner level (A1-A2), the primary challenges include a limited vocabulary hindering communication and mastering basic grammatical categories absent in Chinese: the gender and number system of nouns, verb conjugation by person and number, the case system (nominative, accusative, genitive cases), and flexible word order. The intermediate level (B1-B2) shifts focus to difficulties with polysemous words, acquiring set phrases (phraseologisms, collocations), understanding complex sentences, and using verb forms of the subjunctive mood. The advanced stage (C1) is characterized by challenges in using abstract and specialized vocabulary (e.g., in topics like "sport," "healthy lifestyle"), distinguishing contextual synonyms, as well as tense agreement in complex syntactic structures and the nuances of case government. The authors emphasize that these difficulties stem from profound typological differences between Russian (fusional, with rich morphology) and Chinese (isolating, analytical) languages. To overcome them, a methodology based on three key principles is proposed: the gradual introduction and practice of material; systematic contrastive analysis with Chinese to identify interference; and the active use of communicative tasks (including Task-Based Language Teaching – TBLT) at all learning stages. The effectiveness of this approach depends on the teacher's consideration of the linguistic and cultural characteristics of the Chinese audience.

the formation of the economic culture of the population is one of the key tasks of modern society, ensuring the stability of the country's economy and the well–being of every citizen. Economic culture includes the knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for competent financial resource management, understanding economic processes and making informed decisions in everyday life and profession. Economic culture plays an important role in various aspects of human and social life: financial well-being, social responsibility, entrepreneurship development, quality of life improvement, professional activity. Only an economically educated society is able to withstand crises, successfully adapt to changes in the external environment and ensure the sustainable development of the state. Higher education institutions have a special mission to educate people about economic literacy. It is in them that young people find themselves in a specially organized environment and, from the position of an adult, an informed person, can be involved in economic activities, both in an imitation format and in real time in any organization or company. In this regard, the article touches upon the problem of the formation of economic culture among students of Russian universities, namely, with the help of which conditions of the organization of this process it is possible to achieve a positive result. The paper describes the author's experience of studying domestic research on the problem of forming the economic culture of higher school students of various specializations. Based on their analysis, pedagogical conditions have been determined that ensure the effectiveness of the formation of economic culture among students of higher educational institutions during academic and extracurricular hours.

the article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the conceptual and terminological apparatus related to the phenomenon of a sports team. The evolution of scientific approaches to defining a sports team is studied, various theoretical concepts are analyzed and an integrative definition of this phenomenon is proposed. The criteria for distinguishing between the concepts of "sports team", "sports group" and "sports collective" are considered. The proposed integrative approach allows taking into account the multidimensionality of the team phenomenon in sports and creates a theoretical basis for further research on team functioning.

the article examines the role of intercultural communication in teaching Russian as a foreign language at Chinese universities. The authors emphasize the importance of developing not only students’ linguistic skills but also their intercultural competence, which enables effective interaction with representatives of Russian culture. Special attention is paid to teaching methods that take into account the cultural differences between Russia and China, as well as the formation of students’ linguistic identity. The study explores the specifics of cultural dialogue, the significance of cognitive context, the impact of educational reforms, and the use of modern technologies in teaching, including virtual simulation tools. Recommendations are provided for overcoming cultural barriers and adapting educational content to meet the challenges of modern communication. The article highlights the need to train professionals capable of conducting productive dialogue in the context of global interaction, particularly within the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative. The research draws on a broad range of recent studies in sociolinguistics, intercultural pedagogy, and foreign language teaching methodology.

the presented article investigates the influence of swimming on children posture correction. It examines theoretical aspects of using recreational and therapeutic swimming as a means to improve the musculoskeletal system. The study provides a classification of posture types, including disorders in the frontal, sagittal, and horizontal planes, and describes modern diagnostic methods such as computer optical topography (COMOT). The authors highlight the negative consequences of postural disorders, including pain in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine, reduced flexibility, impaired respiratory function, gastrointestinal issues, and an increased risk of injuries due to balance disturbances. Special attention is given to the role of swimming in strengthening back muscles, forming a symmetrical muscular framework, and reducing spinal load due to the properties of the aquatic environment. The article emphasizes that to achieve optimal results, swimming should be combined with other therapeutic methods, such as medical massage or hydrokinesiotherapy. The authors conclude that, despite existing disagreements in the scientific community, swimming remains an effective tool for posture correction but requires further research and an individualized approach.

the article presents materials of a pedagogical study conducted on the basis of the Omsk Armored Engineering Institute of Omsk in the period from 2020 to 2024. To study the factors that determine the need to use weightlifting equipment in the special training of hand-to-hand fighters, the following methods were used: video analysis according to E.M. Chumakov (2005), questioning trainers, pedagogical observation. As a result of video analysis, it was established that the largest number of fights ends at the end of the meeting time, then fights for a clear advantage, then in descending order of pain and suffocation, as well as removing the opponent from the fight. The lowest percentage is set upon reaching the target, which indicates a low level of development of explosive force and violation of intermuscular coordination among fighters. This is evidenced by the data of evaluated and unassessed single and combined shock actions. There is a low percentage of judges rating punches and kicks, most punches are not counted. The results of a survey of trainers indicate that the means of developing explosive force are relevant, are used mainly at the pre-competitive stage of preparation, rarely at the retracting and transitional stages, and are not used in other mesocycles. During the training of hand-to-hand combat fighters, due to insufficient explosive force, the high-quality side of motor actions suffers. Most strikes lose clarity of execution and accuracy of application, when hitting the target, due to dubious quality, they are not counted by the judges. A survey of trainers indicates the haphazard use of means of developing explosive force. The use of weightlifting equipment has not been established.