Language Attitudes and L2 Motivation of Korean Language Learners in Malaysia

Мұқаба

Дәйексөз келтіру

Толық мәтін

Аннотация

This study examined relationships between language attitudes and L2 motivation of learners of Korean as a Foreign Language (KFL) in a large public university in Malaysia. It employed the socio-educational model of L2 motivation and focused on the relationship between the language learners’ attitudes toward speakers of the target language and their motivation to learn Korean. A systematic statistical analysis was performed to analyse the data collected from 19 (N=19) students. A robust statistical procedure adopted in this study allowed some worthwhile insights into the language attitudes–L2 motivation nexus. The findings indicated that there existed a statistically significant relationship between the language learners’ instrumental orientation and their attitudes toward the speakers of Korean language.

Авторлар туралы

Larisa Nikitina

University of Malaya

Email: larisa@um.edu.my
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6061-5360

Fumitaka Furuoka

University of Malaya

Email: fumitaka@um.edu.my
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1863-387X
Dr Fumitaka Furuoka is Associate Professor at Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya Dr Fumitaka Furuoka is Associate Professor at Asia-Europe Institute, University of Malaya.

Nurliana Kamaruddin

University of Malaya

Email: nurliana.k@um.edu.my
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5283-204X

Әдебиет тізімі

  1. Bai, H., Sivo, S.A., Pan, W., & Fan, X. (2016). Application of a new resampling method to SEM: a comparison of S-SMART with the bootstrap. International Journal of Research & Method in Education, 39(2), 194-207. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/1743727X.2015.1056135
  2. Byon, A. S. (2007). The use of culture portfolio project in a Korean culture classroom: Evaluating stereotypes and enhancing cross-cultural awareness. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 20(1), 1-19. DOI:https://doi.org/10.2167/lcc323.0
  3. Castellotti, V., & Moore, D. (2002). Social representations of languages and teaching: Guide for the development of language education policies in Europe from linguistic diversity to plurilingual education. Council of Europe.
  4. Chan, W. M., & Chi, S. W. (2010). A study of the learning goals of university students of Korean as a foreign language. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 7(1), 125-140.
  5. Chen, F., & Chalhoub-Deville, M. (2014). Principles of quantile regression and an application. Language Testing, 31(1), 63-87. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0265532213493623
  6. Cho, C. H. (2010). Korean wave in Malaysia and changes of the Korea-Malaysia relations. Malaysian Journal of Media Studies, 12(1), 1-14.
  7. Clark, H. H. (1973). The language-as-fixed-effect fallacy: A critique of language statistics in psychological research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 12(4), 335-359.
  8. Csizér, K., & Kormos, J. (2008). The relationship of intercultural contact and language learning motivation among Hungarian students of English and German. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 29(1), 30-48. DOI:https://doi.org/10.2167/jmmd557.0
  9. Cumming, G. (2012). Understanding the new statistics: Effect sizes, confidence intervals, and meta-analysis. Routledge.
  10. Cunnings, I. (2012). An overview of mixed-effects statistical models for second language researchers. Second Language Research, 28(3), 369-382. 10.1177/ 0267658312443651. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0267658312443651
  11. Dörnyei, Z. (2005). The psychology of the language learner. Lawrence Erlbaum.
  12. Dörnyei, Z. (2009). The L2 motivational self-system. In Z. Dörnyei & E. Ushioda (Eds.), Motivation, language identity and the L2 self (pp. 9-42). Multilingual Matters.
  13. Dörnyei, Z., & Csizér, K. (2002). Some dynamics of language attitudes and motivation: Results of a longitudinal nationwide survey. Applied Linguistics, 23(4), 421-462. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/23.4.421
  14. Dörnyei, Z., Csizér, K. & Németh, N. (2006) Motivation, language attitudes and globalisation: A Hungarian perspective. Multilingual Matters.
  15. Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1998). Attitude structure and function. In D.T. Gilbert, S.T. Fiske & G.r Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (vol. 1, 4th ed., (pp. 269-322). McGraw-Hill.
  16. Fraschini, N., & Caruso, M. (2019). I can see myself… A Q methodology study on self vision of Korean language learners. System, 87, 102-147. 10.1016/j.system. 2019.102147. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2019.102147
  17. Hur, S.R., & Choi Y.-H. (2015). Lasting effects of the Korean community schools on American college students' Korean language proficiency, motivation, and attitudes. Journal of Korean Language Education, 26(3), 287-318. DOI:https://doi.org/10.18209/iakle.2015.26.3.287
  18. Gallagher, H.C. (2013). Willingness to communicate and cross-cultural adaptation: L2 communication and acculturative stress as transaction. Applied Linguistics, 34(1), 53-73. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/ams023
  19. Gardner, R.C. (1968). Attitudes and motivation: Their role in second-language acquisition. TESOL Quarterly, 2(3), 141-150.http://www.jstor.org/stable/3585571.
  20. Gardner, R. C. (1985). Social Psychology and second language learning: The role of attitudes and motivation. Edward Arnold.
  21. Gardner, R. C. (2001). Integrative motivation: Past, present and future.http://publish.uwo.ca/~gardner/docs/GardnerPublicLecture1.pdf.
  22. Gardner, R. C., & Lambert, W. E. (1959). Motivational variables in second-language acquisition. Canadian Journal of Psychology / Revue Canadienne de Psychologie, 13(4), 266-272.
  23. Gardner, R. C., & Lambert, W. E. (1972). Attitudes and motivation in second-language learning. Newbury House Publishers.
  24. Gardner, R.C. & MacIntyre, P.D. (1991). An instrumental motivation in language study: Who says it isn't effective? Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 4(13), 57-72.https://www.jstor.org/stable/44487535.
  25. Gardner, R. C. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1993). On the measurement of affective variables in second language learning. Language Learning, 43(2), 157-194.http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.548.8925&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
  26. Gearing, N., & Roger, P. (2018). Ebbs and Flows: A longitudinal study of an English language instructor's motivation to learn Korean. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 17, 292-305. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2018.1465343
  27. Gearing, N., & Roger, P. (2019). Where's the vision? Rescuing integrativeness to understand the language learning motivation of English-speaking EFL instructors living in South Korea. System, 82, 122-131. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2019.03.008
  28. Gu, M. M., & Cheung, D.S. (2016). Ideal L2 self, acculturation, and Chinese language learning among South Asian students in Hong Kong: A structural equation modelling analysis. System, 57, 14-24. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2016.01.001
  29. Hessel, G. (2015). From vision to action: Inquiring into the conditions for the motivational capacity of ideal second language selves. System, 52, 103-114. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2015.05.008
  30. Houghton, S. (2010). Managing stereotypes through experiential learning. Intercultural Communication Studies, 19(1), 182-198.
  31. Jee, M. J. (2015). A study of language learner motivation: Learners of Korean as a foreign language. Journal of Korean Language Education, 26(2), 213-238. DOI:https://doi.org/10.18209/iakle.2011.22.3.133
  32. Jin, D. Y. (2014). The power of the nation-state amid neo-liberal reform: Shifting cultural politics in the new Korean Wave. Pacific Affairs, 87(1), 71-92. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5509/201487171
  33. Jin, D. Y., & Yoon, K. (2014). The social mediascape of transnational Korean pop culture: Hallyu 2.0 as spreadable media practice. New Media & Society, 18(7), 1277-1292. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444814554895
  34. Korea Foundation. (2019, May). [Infographic] Korea through the World's Eyes. KF Newsletter.http://enewsletter.kf.or.kr/?menuno=5569.
  35. Kormos, J., Kiddle, T., & Csizér, K. (2011). Systems of goals, attitudes, and self-related beliefs in second-language-learning motivation. Applied Linguistics, 32(5), 495-516. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amr019
  36. Larson-Hall, J. (2010). A guide to doing statistics in second language research using SPSS. London: Routledge.
  37. Larson-Hall, J. (2012). Our statistical intuitions may be misleading us: Why we need robust statistics. Language Teaching, 45, 460-474. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444811000127
  38. Larson-Hall, J., & Herrington, R. (2010). Improving data analysis in second language acquisition by utilizing modern developments in applied statistics. Applied Linguistics, 31(3), 368-390. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amp038
  39. Larson-Hall, J., & Plonsky, L. (2015). Reporting and interpreting quantitative research findings: What gets reported and recommendations for the field. Language Learning, 65(Supplement 1), 127-159. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12115
  40. Lee, I. H. (2018). Effects of contact with Korean popular culture on KFL learners' motivation. The Korean Language in America, 22(1), 25-45. /10.5325/korelangamer. 22.1.0025. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5325/korelangamer.22.1.0025
  41. Lee, S. (2015). Introduction: A Decade of Hallyu Scholarship: Towards a New Direction in Hallyu 2.0. In S. Lee & Abé M. Nornes (Eds.), Hallyu 2.0: The Korean Wave in the age of social media (pp. 1-30). University of Michigan Press.
  42. Lee, S. Y. (2018). Japanese Korean beginners' perception of Korean language. Japanese Culture Research, 67, 257-275. 10.18075 / jcs.67.201807.257. DOI:https://doi.org/10.18075/jcs.67.201807.257
  43. Lee, Z. N. (2015). An analysis of relationship between motivation for self-determination and self-regulated learning of Chinese Korean learners. Journal of Korean Language Education, 26(3), 201-245.
  44. Maio, G. R., & Haddock, G. (2010). The psychology of attitudes and attitude change. SAGE Publications.
  45. Masgoret, A., & Gardner, R. C. (2003). Attitudes, motivation, and second language learning: A meta-analysis of studies conducted by Gardner and Associates. Language Learning, 53, 167-210. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9922.00212
  46. Nikitina, L. (2015). Country stereotypes and L2 motivation: A study of French, German and Spanish language learners. Studies in Linguistics, 37, 483-509. DOI:https://doi.org/10.17002/sil.37.2015010.483
  47. Nikitina, L. (2019). Do country stereotypes influence language learning motivation? A study among foreign language learners in Malaysia. Moderna Språk, 113(1), 58-79.
  48. Nikitina, L. (2020). Stereotypes and language learning motivation: A study of L2 learners of Asian languages. Routledge.
  49. Nikitina, L., & Furuoka, F. (2018). Expanding the methodological arsenal of applied linguistics with a robust statistical procedure. Applied Linguistics, 39(3), 422-428. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amx026
  50. Nikitina, L., & Furuoka, F. (2019). Language learners' mental images of Korea: Insights for the teaching of culture in the language classroom. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 40(9), 774-786. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2018.1561704
  51. Nikitina, L., Paidi, R. & Furuoka, F. (2019). Using bootstrapped quantile regression analysis for small sample research in applied linguistics: Some methodological considerations. PloS One, 14(1), e0210668.
  52. Norris, J. M., Ross, S. J., & Schoonen, R. (2015). Improving second language quantitative research. Language Learning, 65(S1), 1-8. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12110
  53. Salibian-Barrera, M., & Zamar, R. H. (2002). Bootstrapping robust estimates of regression. Annals of Statistics, 30, 556-82.
  54. Shin, S.C., Ko, S., & Rue, Y.-J (2016). Heritage language learning: A needs analysis study on Korean-Australian tertiary students. Journal of Korean Language Education, 27(1), 111-155.
  55. Son, S., & Jeon, N. (2011). A study of language learning motivation of Korean language learners. Journal of Korean Language Education, 22(3), 133-152.
  56. Spencer-Rodgers, J. (2001). Consensual and individual stereotypic beliefs about international students among American host nationals. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 25(6), 639-657. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-1767(01)00029-3
  57. Stuckler, D., Basu, S., Suhrcke, M., Coutts, A., & McKee, M. (2009). The public health effect ofeconomic crises and alternative policy responses in Europe: An empirical analysis.Lancet, 374(9686), 315-323. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61124-7
  58. Tangalycheva, R. K. (2015). Overcoming stereotypes and negative perceptions in Korea-Russia cross-cultural communication. In R. K. Tangalycheva, D. V. Ivanov, V. I. Il'yin, and E. A. Ostrovskaya (Eds.), Korea and Russia: Socio-cultural Dynamics (pp. 206-225). Aleteya Publishers.
  59. Teh, P. Y., & Goh, H. C. (2016). Does Korean drama have a real influence? An analysis of Malaysia outbound tourists to South Korea. Tourism Culture & Communication, 16(3), 147-160. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3727/109830416X14750895902882
  60. Ushioda, E. (2009) A person-in-context relational view of emergent motivation, self and identity. In Zoltán Dörnyei, and Ema Ushioda (eds), Motivation, language identity and the L2 self (pp.215-228). Multilingual Matters.
  61. Wlodkowski, R. J. (2008). Enhancing adult motivation to learn: A comprehensive guide for teaching all adults, 3rd ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  62. Yang, J. S. R. (2003). Motivational orientations and selected learner variables of East Asian language learners in the United States. Foreign Language Annals, 36(1), 44-56. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.2003.tb01931.x
  63. Yoshida, H., Tani, S., Uchida, T., Masui, J., & Nakayama, A. (2014). Effects of online cooperative learning on motivation in learning Korean as a foreign language. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 4(6), 473-477. DOI:https://doi.org/10.7763/IJIET.2014.V4.453

Қосымша файлдар

Қосымша файлдар
Әрекет
1. JATS XML
Жүктеу


Creative Commons License
Бұл мақала лицензия бойынша қолжетімді Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.