Vol 26, No 194 (2021)

We consider the issues of ensuring personal safety measures for cadets and students of educational institutions of higher education of the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia during practical classes in academic disciplines of Tactical and Special Training Department. The significance and importance of observing personal safety measures in the preparation of cadets and students are shown. The main measures aimed at ensuring the personal safety of cadets (students) during practical classes in academic disciplines of Tactical and Special Training Department are highlighted. The training program for cadets and students of an educational institution of higher education of the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia has a capacious system of directions. Of course, tactical and special training plays an important role in this system. The proper provision of measures for the personal safety of students can have a fruitful effect on the proper training of cadets and students in the disciplines of Tactical and Special Training Department.

The tense epidemiological situation caused by the extremely rapid spread of COVID-19 has accelerated the transition of educational institutions to distance learning, which, in turn, has entailed colossal changes in the choice of teaching tools and made pedagogical innovations an integral part of the educational process. However, the importance of online communities in learning was noted even before the transition to distance learning, since many teachers used social networks as an effective channel of communication with their students. In addition to communication, social platforms can be used to achieve other goals, including solving educational problems. Despite the fact that social platforms were initially created for group communication and creativity and were not associated with education, every year they are becoming an increasingly common means of exchanging information and organizing the educational process. Social platforms may help managing a wide variety of educational tasks and solve the problem of organizing a productive learning process. The study considers the role of videos in foreign language teaching and the educational potential of short videos from TikTok, their advantages and possibility of integration into the educational process in order to increase the efficiency and quality of education, and the role of the teacher in organization of such activities.

We argue that corpus linguistics should be used as a tool for teaching students a second foreign language. The researchers focus on the study of English loanwords in French and Italian. We propose a new approach to teaching a second foreign language to students who are fluent in English as a first foreign language. We emphasize the importance of concordance in linguistics and teaching a second foreign language. We analyze the works of the methodologists who suggest using corpus technologies in the language classroom to develop students’ lexical skills. We touch upon the characteristics of corpus technologies, define the term “loanwords” and refer to the concept of “English borrowings”. The researchers analyze the role of English loanwords in French and Italian, and identify the spheres where English borrowings are mainly used. Based on the language of the media, we study the models of assimilation of English loanwords in French and Italian. We focus on the most popular English loanwords used in France and Italy, provide statistical data on their use and analyze their grammatical and semantic assimilation. We analyze the most popular loanwords from the English language; study their origin, language context and the way they were modified according to the patterns of the receiving languages. It is advisable to implement the proposed approach in teaching the vocabulary of a second foreign language and to use other tools of corpus linguistics as teaching methods.

The task of modern education is to train personnel of the highest category who would successfully cope with their professional tasks, were open to self-education, learning throughout their lives and were fluent in foreign languages. Knowledge of a foreign language has always been and remains a valuable knowledge. Content and language integrated learning is learning in which a foreign language is a tool for mastering a specialty, and not just the goal of learning a language as such. We examine the issue of the linguodidactic potential of the model of content and language integrated learning of students to a foreign language and specialty in a medical university, highlights a table of general requirements for students and teachers in the framework of content and language integrated learning, as well as the main direction in teaching, focuses on the advantages content and language integrated learning.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the didactic potential of educational computer games in the development of lexical speech skills in high school students. We analyze the basic skills that are formed in the study of vocabulary. The basic lexical skills and their division into productive and receptive skills are considered. The analysis of the basic principles under which the process of learning foreign words takes place is carried out. The main advantages associated with learning vocabulary using computer games are considered. These include: encouraging creativity, the ability to create teamwork, easy adaptation for all ages and all language levels. The reasons for the growing popularity of games are analyzed in the context of training. These reasons include: interest that students have in class through games; beneficial effect on the educational process; the emergence of a need to create such a learning environment; the emergence of skills of independent work. Scientific novelty consists in the generalization of the experience of teaching vocabulary based on computer games. We also analyze the main advantages associated with teaching foreign language vocabulary to high school students using computer games and consider the reasons for the growth in popularity of games in the context of foreign languages teaching. As a result, a conclusion is made about the positive influence of computer games in foreign language teaching and improving the lexical skills of high school students.

Modern technical advances in digital pedagogy today offer qualitatively new opportunities for organizing and presenting educational material in the context of distance learning. The purpose of the study is to provide a methodological substantiation of one of the new ways of organizing a digital educational Internet resource on Russian as a foreign language “Russian language. Beginning” in the form of a training longread. The features of an educational longread are stated, the main media elements, specificity, content and means of creation are determined, on the basis of which the definition of an educational longread is formulated. The educational longread is considered through the prism of the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language (RFL) at the initial stage using the capabilities of digital technologies, methods of designing educational materials, creolization of texts, methodological role in the educational process, structure and interaction with third-party linguodidactic resources. On the example of the digital educational Internet resource “Russian language. Beginning ”in the work, methods of solving linguodidactic problems of an introductory phonetic course by means of an educational longread are presented. It is concluded that educational longread as a way of organizing educational materials in a digital educational environment (DEE), due to its properties, is one of the potentially effective linguodidactic tools for distance learning.

We examine some of the problems of the process of developing the professional culture of a music teacher among foreign students from the Chinese People’s Republic in accordance with modern trends in Russian pedagogy of music education; the concept of “culture of piano performance-intonation” is revealed as a necessary component of the professional culture of a music teacher. The goal is to substantiate the need to study the features of the development of professional culture among Chinese students, future music teachers, in the process of musical and instrumental training at a Russian pedagogical university. In the course of the research, the concept of “professional culture of a music teacher” is clarified; the features of the development of the professional culture of a music teacher, and, in particular, the culture of piano performance-intonation among Chinese students, as its separate component, are investigated; the conditions for the upbringing of the culture of piano performance and intonation among foreign students in the process of musical and instrumental training in a Russian pedagogical university are determined. The research methodology is based on the systematization of scientific and pedagogical knowledge in the field of musicology, pedagogy and psychology of music education, as well as the results of experimental work carried out over the past three years on the basis of the “Special Piano” Depart ment of the Tambov State Musical Pedagogical Institute named after S.V. Rachmaninov and the Music and Methods of Teaching Music Department of Penza State University.

Relevance and expediency: the study analyzes one of the aspects of the urgent and complex problem of modern preschool education – the development of the environmental orientation of the personality of a preschool child. Purpose of the study: to present the substantiation of the problem of the development of the ecological orientation of the personality of preschool students, the proposed methods for solving this problem through artistic and aesthetic children’s activities and the results of testing the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The leading method for the study of the problem: the proposed ecological and artistic projects are, on the one hand, part of the theoretical basis of the problem under consideration, and on the other hand, a practical example of its solution based on the organization of the process of developing an understanding of the natural world in the process of artistic aesthetic activity of preschool students on the example of familiarization with the animals of the Red Book of the Middle Volga region. Results: revealed, substantiated and experimentally tested the pedagogical conditions for organizing the process of developing an understanding of the world of nature in the process of artistic and aesthetic activity of preschool students on the example of familiarization with the animals of the Red Book of the Middle Volga region. Ecological and artistic projects of the corresponding content are developed. Practical and theoretical significance of the results obtained: the results of our work are an important addition to federal and regional programs for the moral and aesthetic development of preschool children, implemented in preschool educational organizations. The use of integrated forms of the pedagogical process (projects) for acquaintance and the development of a value attitude towards rare animals of their native land (for example, animals included in the Red Book of the Ulyanovsk Region) will optimally implement the tasks of comprehensive education of children.

Characteristics of graphic sources on the history of the Church of Zechariah and Elizabeth are given, a collection of graphic materials on the history of the Church of the Cavalry Regiment in St. Petersburg from the archives of the Military-Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps (MHMAEandSC) is described and attributed. The purpose of the research is to identify and study a complex of pictorial sources on the history of the chevalier guard church from the collection of the Military-Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps archive. The iconography of the Church of the Chevalier Guard Regiment has 40 items, 36 of which are graphic materials, and the rest is fragmentary photographs. Graphic materials on the history of the Church of Zechariah and Elizabeth of the Chevalier Guard Regiment in the amount of 32 units are kept in the archives of Military-Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps. The methodological basis of the research is based on the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematic scientific analysis based on the scientific method of cognition, includes general historical research methods, the iconographic method is applied. The research is devoted to the description of the materials of the Military-Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps archive collection. Part of the collection of drawings and plans are pencil plans without attribution or dating, and some, copied and supplemented, refer to an earlier construction. Attribution of such graphic materials is rather difficult and is possible only with the involvement of the entire complex of graphic and written sources. The collection of graphic materials on the history of the Church of the Cavalry Regiment from the Military-Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps archive is unique. Thanks to the so-called “L. Benois collection”, which contains drawings of the regimental church for 1897–1898, we can reconstruct in detail the features of the internal and external interior.

The history of the creation and activity of student labor brigades on the territory of the Russian Empire is considered. They were supposed to replace men in peasant farms who had been mobilized into the ranks of the army. By the early 20th century, the agrarian Russian Empire was characterized by an excess of workers in the countryside, since a significant part of the country’s population lived in the countryside. The ruling circles of both Russia and the European powers were confident in the “inexhaustibility” of the human resources of the Russian state. However, already in the summer and autumn of 1914, a shortage of workers in rural areas began to be felt. With the subsequent mobilizations, the situation only worsened. In response to the problem, the tsarist government asked the local authorities to help the families of the mobilized lower ranks in harvesting and sowing fields. We use materials from periodicals and primary materials deposited in the archives of the cities of the Central Black Earth region about student labor brigades of the Voronezh, Kursk and Oryol Governorates. We also use information on other regions of the Russian Empire. It is assumed that labor brigades arose on a private initiative as one of the forms of mobilization of labor resources in conditions caused by a shortage of workers. Later, the initiative of educational institutions of the Minsk province received state support.

On continuous long lines of demographic and sociographic information, a complex of immediate and distant consequences for the Tambov region of the Civil War as a whole and especially the peasant uprising of 1920–1921 is considered. In the part of the demographic heritage we show, both direct irreversible losses of the Tambov population (death from a complex of suppressive causes, voluntary and forced emigration from the region, a drop in fertility, deformation of the age and gender balance, collapse of the population of the rural settlements, etc.) and indirect prolonged suppression processes and the degradation of subregional aggressive rural populations that fell under the “Antonovshchina” and its suppression (social defeat of the rebellious subregions with a subsequent decline in their socio-cultural level and greater losses in World War II, shorter life expectancy, higher morbidity). Special attention is paid to the comparative evolution of the anthropometric indicators of the male parts of the populations of all Russian regions and Tambov subregions, depending on the degree of their specific defeat by the Civil War. Shows the negative impact of “Antonovshchina” and its suppression on the general cultural Soviet activity (“productivity”) of the rebellious subregions. The methods and results of the study of the all-Russian and Tambov regional material are abundantly presented graphically.

The process of disorganization of the armed forces of Austria-Hungary in 1918 is considered through the prism of the national issue and the prospects for the further preservation of the Habsburg Monarchy. It is concluded that the military and diplomatic victories won in the early 1918 by Austria-Hungary were illusory and only put off the inevitable defeat of its army. Investigation of the first cases of mass withdrawal from obedience of military units in the spring and summer of 1918, showed that they were an interweaving of social, national-political and military reasons proper. At the same time, a serious discrepancy was revealed between Slovenian and Italian researchers in the interpretation of the reasons for the uprising in the 97th infantry regiment stationed in the Slovenian Radkersburg (Radgon). If for the former it was typical, following the Marxist tradition, to emphasize the social contradictions that led to the revolutionization of the army according to the “Russian model”, the latter praised the participants in the uprising from the Italian side as genuine national patriots. It is shown that the “shock force” of all the soldiers’ uprisings that broke out in the spring and summer of 1918 in the Austro-Hungarian army were servicemen who returned from Russian captivity in the spring of 1918, where some of them were imbued with revolutionary ideas. The conclusion is drawn about the extreme severity of military justice, which condemned many of the insurgents to death, which became the reason for deputy inquiries.