Grammatical realization of the category of futurality in complex sentences of the Latin language in the translation of Gospel texts (in comparison with Church Slavonic and Russian)

this article examines the grammatical means of implementing the category of futurality in complex sentences of the Latin language when translating the text of the Canonical Gospels from Koine Greek into Latin, and compares it with Church Slavonic and Russian translations. Based on the results of the comparative analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn. The category of futurality is realized mainly through the use of modern forms of the verb, as well as through the system of verbal moods, however, the very ratio of modern forms and forms of moods in each language has a number of features directly related to the history of the language and the influence of translated sacred texts on this language. In addition, additional lexical markers can also be used to express futurality, which realize themselves especially well in the system of a complex sentence, defining the general modal plan and semantics of the text. Translators of the Greek text into Latin often and quite naturally replaced the forms of Greek participles with conjugated verb forms. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the fragments under study are taken from the Gospel of Matthew, which was originally written in Hebrew, and only then translated into Greek, although it came to us in a later Greek translation. Thus, taking into account this fact, it can be assumed that the Latin translator could to use an older version of the Greek text, or simply interpreted the additional action as a full-fledged one, and later translators took into account the Latin version.

the category of futurality, complex sentences, the Gospels, Latin, Church Slavonic, modern Russian