No 3 (856) (2024)

The role of science and education in international relations is steadily growing. Scientific and educational ties are one of the most important tools of public diplomacy. Today, such contacts are already a commercial product with a growing number of educational institutions. Turkey's scientific and educational contacts with the countries of Central Asia have a thirty-year history. But this article will analyze some new aspects of this aspect of cooperation in detail relative to each country in the region.

The research focuses on the formation of smart power models of Turkey and China as a means of promoting national interests in Serbia. The paper analyzes the main directions and trends of Turkish-Serbian and Chinese-Serbian relations in the context of regional development.

The article analyzes the key political aspects of the functioning of private military companies as one of the leading military and political institutions of our time, and also examines the most important factors determining the place and role of private military companies in the national security structure of modern states, and related issues of international development.

The crossing of the Alps by Russian troops under the command of Suvorov in 1799, during their struggle against a superior enemy and the forces of nature, was made possible due to the general's talent, education, resilience, and unique system of military training. However, in specialized literature and socio-political discourse regarding Suvorov and the Swiss campaign, distortions and errors are evident. The interests of strengthening national defense and advancing military development in Russia require an objective understanding of the achievements of the commander and the Russian forces.

The article is devoted to one of the most important tasks of the state in war conditions - the preparation of the population for the defense of the Fatherland. Based on archival materials and documentary sources, the article reveals the historical experience of improving and developing physical training and sports in the troops of the NKVD of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War.

During the 1990-2020s the question of reviving the institution of waqf by analogy with the prerevolutionary period is periodically raised in Russia. The purpose of the study is to compare the features of regulation and registration of waqfs in the 19th and early 20th centuries in the district of the Orenburg Mohammedan Spiritual Assembly with the current situation on the basis of archival materials. The author, analyzing historical examples of the functioning of waqfs, shows that a social institution cannot be implemented "from above" with the help of law alone, since its full existence requires the initiative of wealthy benefactors and a proper control system.

This article discusses the issues of the emergence and development of expert interaction between civil society and the military organization of the state in Russian Federation giving the conditions of Special military operation. The purpose of the article is, using a structural and functional approach, to substantiate the expediency of implementing such interaction on the basis of institutionalization of social partnership. It is concluded that this social partnership, being institutionalized, would perform the instrumental function of ensuring the military security of the state and the social function of strengthening public order.

The concept of "financial culture" appears more and more often in scientific literature and official

documents. The article attempts to summarize existing approaches to defining the concept of "financial culture" and its research. For this purpose, an analysis of both theoretical works and empirical studies in the field of this issue was carried out. The main result of this work is the substantiation of the need for a transition in modern Russia from financial education to the formation of a financial culture and a generalized set of possible indicators for a sociological study of the state of financial culture at different levels.

Based on the analysis of E. Bielsa's book 'A Translational Sociology: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Politics and Society" (2023), the article attempts to find answers to the questions related to the correlation of the following notions: translation sociology and sociology of translation. It is concluded that in recent decades a considerable amount of literature on the problems of translation activity has appeared in the West, and that this problematic has become a separate interdisciplinary research area, claiming the status of branch sociology.