Vol 23, No 175 (2018)
- Year: 2018
- Published: 15.12.2018
- Articles: 25
- URL: https://ogarev-online.ru/1810-0201/issue/view/19847
КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЬ СПЕЦИАЛИСТА
TECHNOLOGY OF MULTILEVEL TEXT COMPREHENSION AS A FORM OF PHILOLOGICAL TEACHER’S TRAINING
Abstract
Philological training of primary school teachers and teachers of the Russian language and literature involves the integration of knowledge from several disciplines: Studies of Literature, Linguistics, Teaching Methods, courses on speech culture, workshop on expressive reading and others. The task of training future teachers at the university is to combine these subjects in the process of forming the competence of a comprehensive analysis of the text. This problem is the subject of our research. School and university types of literary text analysis are considered, the role of the integrative approach to the text in the preparation of the teacher for the lessons of literary reading at school is shown. The complex analysis of the work of art, perceived as a teaching material, requires the teacher of literary characteristics of the components of content and form in the relationship, linguistic examination of the text on the availability of the language of the work to modern students, performance analysis to establish the norms of expressive reading of the work, methodical analysis, selection of types, methods and techniques of working with the text, taking into account its literary specificity, finally, the complex analysis of the proposed reader’s interpretation of the text, which can offer students a certain class and level of training in the classroom. In connection with this set of analytical, intellectual skills of the teacher complex analysis is an important form of professional development of the future and the novice teacher.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):7-13
7-13
Intercultural communicative competence development of bachelor-students within the discipline “Foreign Language”
Abstract
We substantiate the necessity of teaching the basics of intercultural communicative competence of bachelor students within the discipline “Foreign Language”. We separate the terms communicative competence and intercultural communicative competence, and also connect the success of its implementation with such basic conditions of its success as psychological motivation, cultural knowledge and empathy. We consider the scope of application of communicative competence in practice and make the conclusion that one of the important positions in the course of teaching communicative skills is the formation of empathy. We give a brief review of the stages of formation of intercultural communicative competence. Emphasized importance of the stage of transition from a monocultural personality to an open personality to the perception and understanding of other cultural systems. We conclude that it is necessary to provide students with special knowledge and complex skills that form their specific communication skills in real situations of intercultural interaction with representatives of different cultures: the assumption of the “other” as an equal category of the universe; awareness of their own cultural and individual values; ability to consider the same situation from different positions at the same time; possession of directed imagination and empathy.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):14-21
14-21
QUESTIONS OF SOCIAL PEDAGOGY AND SOCIAL WORK
THE FORMATION OF VALUE ATTITUDE TO PARENTHOOD OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS BY MEANS OF SOCIAL EDUCATION IN SECONDARY SCHOOL
Abstract
The modern understanding of the family values and the main problems faced by families at the present time are considered. The concept and the main approaches, based on which the study is conducted, are analyzed. The criteria-evaluation apparatus is developed, which allows to monitor the success of pedagogical activity on the formation of value attitude to parenting as a direction of social education of high school students. The structure of its formation is presented in detail. Diagnostic tools for assessing the formation of value attitude to the parenting of high school students are selected. A number of the main priority directions of work with them in secondary school for the purpose of formation at them of the valuable attitude to parenting means of social education is revealed and designated. The activities of the main unit of the experiment in accordance with the research topic are described. The expected results of the experiment are indicated. Thus, the introduction of the school’s educational program activities to implement the formation of value attitude to parenting as a direction of social education of high school students is a necessary requirement of the time. It is concluded that it is in high school age that it is advisable to instill in a person the makings of preventing and solving problems that he may face in the future when creating a family.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):22-29
22-29
THE ESSENCE AND STRUCTURE OF THE TEENAGER’S LEGAL CULTURE AS A RESULT OF SOCIAL EDUCATION AND LEGAL EDUCATION
Abstract
We present the reasons that actualize the formation of a teenager’s legal culture: the constant updating of legislation, the priority of human rights and freedoms as the supreme value in the rule of law and civil society, strengthening the enlightenment and preventive function of the court and law enforcement agencies as guarantors of human rights, interest in the law and legal institutions on the part of society, development of the preventive nature of work with the adult population. It is established that the legal education of teenagers promotes the growth of their legal culture, the main goal of legal education of adolescents is the education of respect for the rule of law. The result of the legal education of a teenager is a legal culture. We present various modern concepts of “legal culture”. Given his own interpretation of the concept of the legal culture of teena- gers as one of the types of culture, the result of a purposeful social education of teenagers, whose content is values, knowledge, lawful behavior, willingness to be guided by law in various types of socially useful activities in practice. We summarize the views of researchers on the structure of the legal culture of the individual. The main components of the legal culture of teenagers are defined: value (moral and legal values, respect for law, solution of problems in the legal field), cognitive (knowledge of regulatory and legal acts that allow to function and develop in modern society), activity (observance of the law, involvement in legal relations, in socially useful activities).
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):30-36
30-36
THEORY AND METHODS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
LINGUOCOGNITIVE FOUNDATIONS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
Abstract
One of the main goals of foreign language teaching is establishing a communicative competence in students in its tight connection with the culture of the corresponding country. The modern foreign language pedagogy is in a constant search of the ways to improve the educational process. One of such ways - lignucognitive - is being considered. It allows to integrate the achievements of cognitive linguistics into the structure of communicative-oriented teaching for education quality improvement. There were mentioned the results of a number of scientific researches that have proven to be effective in implementing of different methods of cognitive linguistics while teaching lexical and grammatical aspects of foreign language. While focusing on a series of foreign language teaching linguocognitive studies it has been proven that the principles and methods of cognitive linguistics can be integrated into the structure of lessons. Such an integration meets a number of criteria for an effective education: accessibility, visualization, explication, motivation, anthropocentricity, structuredness, communicative orientation, cultural conditionality, reflectivity. Eventually that allows to achieve the main goal of the pedagogic process while teaching foreign languages - language acquisition in all its aspects and its connection to the culture of the corresponding country.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):37-44
37-44
ACADEMIC DISCOURSE TEACHING IN CASE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING OF STUDENTS IN LINGUISTICS SPECIALIZATION
Abstract
Academic discourse education in case of foreign language education is one of the most important components of forming foreign language communicative competence focused on forming certain professional skills and abilities of linguistics students. We propose the definition of the term academic discourse, which refers to the process and result of a normatively organized professionally oriented verbal and written interaction for educational purposes, possessing both linguistic and extralinguistic properties. The nomenclature of the skills of oral and written acade-mic discourse developed among students at different stages of education includes the following skills in written speech: writing an essay on a given topic, a paper, a summary, an autobiography, a text of a speech or a report, drawing up a poster report, writing a term paper, a scientific article and diploma qualification thesis. The nomenclature includes speaking skills, such as learning to speak at seminars, conferences, educational discussions, presentations, presentation of coursework and diploma thesis, participation in discussion of lecture questions. Characteristics of academic discourse on the components proposed by V.I. Karasik: participants in the internal stage of scientific communication with a division into agents and clients, chronotype, aim, value, strategy with optional tasks, materials, genre features, precedent texts and discursive formulas are developed in the study. We develop the subject content of teaching academic discourse to students in linguistics specialization.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):45-51
45-51
Psychological and pedagogical conditions for teaching students writing skills based on language corpora
Abstract
Teaching students, majoring in linguistics, writing skills is one of the components of the goals of teaching a foreign language in a university. Language corpora are one of the modern teaching tools that create conditions for classroom and extracurricular work of students. We justify and reveal the psychological and pedagogical conditions for teaching students foreign written skills based on the language corpora. Under the psychological and pedagogical conditions is understood the totality of the possibilities of the educational environment which, under the influence of the surrounding material world, are aimed at the development of the personal component and the improvement of certain qualities of the personality of the students. We outline the following list of psychological and pedagogical conditions that must be taken into account when developing appropriate teaching methods: 1) motivation for students to participate in teaching written statements based on the language corpora; 2) the students have a degree of communication competence at the level of B1 and higher; 3) ICT-competence among students; 4) ICT-competence of the teacher; 5) adherence to the specified stages of learning a written statement based on the language corpora. Each of the five conditions is described in detail and justified.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):52-61
52-61
SPECIFICS OF THE DICTIONARY OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCE POPULAR TEXTS
Abstract
We discuss the lexical features of educational science popular texts. The science popular texts are written on scientific subjects for laymen: books, articles, notes, reviews and the essay of scientific works in newspapers and magazines, an interview of scientists, reviews of scientific life and scientific literature. The purpose of these texts is to inform readers about certain scientific ideas, discoveries and inventions. Complex scientific topics in educational science popular texts are presented in a simple language, and the main task is to familiarize students with scientific knowledge in Russian and draw attention to the scientific problem in an accessible and understandable form. In addition, the science popular text is a model for producing its own text by analogy, an incentive for oral conversations and written essays. The main methodical mission of this text is to be the main one for the formation, development and improvement of all speech skills. The science popular texts are a source to new language information and material for problem and research tasks statements of students.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):62-68
62-68
THEORY AND METHODS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING TEACHING
ACCOUNTING THE HIERARCHY OF USING MEANS OF COORDINATION ABILITIES TYPES FORMATION AS A NECESSARY CONDITION FOR IMPROVING THE PROCESS OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT
Abstract
The relevance of the research consists in the need for effective development of coordination abilities as a basis, new skills and abilities fund formation. The study analyzes the existing approaches and methods for developing this type of abilities, both classical and modern. The attention is drawn to the fact that the manifestations of coordination are extremely diverse, classically related to the direction of the motor task, and completely determine the quality of the exercise, (kinematic and dynamic) characteristics of the movement, namely: time (reaction time, time of motion, tempo), spatial (starting position, posture, body and its links movement in space, differing in direction, amplitude, trajectory), spatiotemporal (speed, acceleration), dynamic (effort), rhythmic structure as a complex characteristic of the technique of motor action (effort proportionality in time and space). In this publication we consider the possibility of improving the development of coordination abilities provided that the hierarchy of the their species formation is taken into account. The hierarchical sequence of coordination abilities types development is presented and justified. A scheme is proposed for the phased implementation of the coordination abilities development. We examine and classify physical exercises as a means of each type of coordination abilities development.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):69-80
69-80
ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE BASIC AEROBICS AND ZUMBA
Abstract
The issues of strengthening the health of women in modern conditions of society development acquire special significance, because a modern woman performs social, industrial, family, reproductive and many other functions. Therefore, they need to have high performance, based on strong physical and mental health, as well as normal physical development. It is proved that one of the main factors of preservation of health and increase of physical activity of women are regular occupations by physical exercises. Currently, classes of various fitness programs are becoming more and more popular in Russia. Modern fitness is characterized by constant development associated with the emergence of new directions and programs. As for today, no one can say exactly how many of them exist, although there is evidence in the literature that there are more than 200 types of aerobics alone. If we consider in more detail the characteristics of the programs used in fitness and their content, it should be noted that many of them are based on aerobics, as it is known that aerobic exercises have a healing effect on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the body. The most developed and established type is considered to be the basic (classical) aerobics. The positive influence of basic aerobics classes on the health and physical fitness of women has been proved in the work of many specialists. With all the diversity of fitness areas and programs, one of the main motivations for women to practice, along with recovery, is still the desire to lose weight and relieve psychological stress. Many experts believe that the motor activity, carried out in the process of recreational and physical training, should give the woman both physical and emotional pleasure. Therefore, we decided in our study to compare two programs, one of which is the most developed, scientifically grounded and have a long history - it is basic or classical aerobics. Another program appeared not so long ago, but now it is very popular in fitness clubs - Zumba.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):81-87
81-87
THE PROBLEM OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DECLINE AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN WORLDWIDE AND THE SEARCH OF WAYS FOR ITS SOLUTION
Abstract
The tendency of physical activity decrease of different categories of the population as a world problem is considered. The main attention is paid to the reduction of physical activity of students in secondary schools. The main materials for the study were collected as a result of the study of 280 printed and electronic sources in 2015-2018 at the University of Baghdad (Iraq) and the Belgorod National Research University (Russian Federation, Belgorod). The data on the reduction of physical activity in several economically developed countries, which proves the need to study and solve the problem, regardless of the standard of living of the population. It is shown that the presented data of the international scientific researches come into conflict with development and implementation of the strategic documents, program developments concerning development of physical culture and sports in separate countries. Some examples from the international experience of increasing physical activity of the population, especially of young students, are discussed. It is noted that they can be effective in some countries and ineffective in other countries. The main reasons that determine the gradual decrease in the level of physical activity of the population and students in secondary schools. In response to the established reasons of decrease in physical activity of the population and students the complex of ways and ways of counteraction to decrease in physical activity are offered. The presented data are new and can be applied in the development of the theory of physical activity of the population in different countries and can be practically used in the development of strategic, program and regulatory documents in the field of physical culture and sports.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):88-94
88-94
FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ELDERLY WOMEN IN RELATION TO THEIR AGE AND MEDICAL CONDITION
Abstract
At the present time there is no common opinion on the methods and means for improving elderly women. Moreover, the nature and intensity of the physical training in relation to the age and medical condition of the elderly women are to be clarified. In this regard, in order to develop scientifically-based programs for the integrated health-improving physical training of elderly women, it is necessary to establish their functional characteristics, depending on their age, taking into account their medical condition. Taking into account the medical condition, the elderly women were distributed by cluster analysis into four age groups: 56-62 years, 63-68 years, 69-72 years, 73-75 years. It has been established that, according to indicators, the vital capacity of lungs and the forced vital capacity of lungs do not significantly differ only between the third and fourth age groups of women. According to the Stange and Genci test scores, there were no significant differences between the first and second age groups of women, and between the third and fourth age group of women. Among women of the first age group, the average strength of the force and the compression force of the hand is significantly higher than in other age groups, among women of the fourth age group, significantly lower than in women from other age groups. The indicators of the resting heart rate index in all studied groups do not differ, but the scatter indicator decreases with age, which indicates a decrease in the lability of the cardiovascular system. The received data can be used for development of programs on complex improving physical training of a researched category of persons.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):95-105
95-105
THEORY AND METHODS OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ACTIVITY ORGANIZATION
DESIGNING AS A BASIS FOR FORMING PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES OF STUDENTS OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ACTIVITY SPECIALTY
Abstract
The current problems of the modern social and cultural activity specialty are considered, which is a promising direction of training personnel for cultural and leisure establishments and becomes the environment for the formation of personal qualities and properties that provide modeling of the multi-level process of the young people’s life prospects. Based on the analysis of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Professional Education on the specialty “Social and Cultural Activity”, difficulties are revealed in the fulfillment of their requirements, among them the definition of the boundaries of the specialty and objects of professional activity of graduates, the problem of the need to implement the concept of intensive and integrated education on the basis of a competence approach, the problem of lagging the content of higher education institutions from the needs of practice. The objects of professional activity are singled out, taking into account the profile of training specialists (various institutions of the state and non-state sector in the field of culture, arts, leisure, social funds, movements and organizations in the field of social and cultural activities, objects of the leisure, tourism and recreation industry, cultural institutions engaged in artistic and creative and productive activities, leisure and production centers). Particular attention is paid to designing as a basis for the formation of professional competencies of students specializing in social and cultural activities. The goals and tasks of social and cultural design are disclosed, methods and innovative approaches used in teaching students are analyzed. It is proved that social and cultural design is an effective means of forming independence and responsibility for one’s ideas, actions, thoughts, feelings, and also the basis for forming the professional competencies of students.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):106-113
106-113
RESEARCH WORK AS THE CONDITION OF SUCCESSFUL VOCATIONAL TRAINING OF MASTER’S DEGREE STUDENTS
Abstract
At the present stage a multi-level educational system allows creating favorable conditions for students’ research activities. The master’s programme is aimed at training scientific personnel ready for productive research activities in the new conditions. We substantiate the role of research work of undergraduates in development of their professional competence. The analysis of the experience in organizing the research work of the Institute of Culture and Arts master’s degree students of the Moscow State Pedagogical University, based on a practical approach to research activity, allowed us to conclude the integrated approach of the research work of “Social and Cultural Activity” department master’s degree students, that creates conditions for the implementation of our projects and a comprehensive analysis of the results obtained on the basis of theoretical and practical developments. Providing wide opportunities for scientific research of students in educational process the university promotes scientific inquiry, activation of students’ creative potential, forming skills of independent scientific research work. A competent organization of research work of students of the master’s degree helps them to master the theory, forms the qualities of the researcher, and introduces them to the future profession. Engaging of the master’s degree students in the study allows them to design their own professional activity, analyze the results of the work, motivates learning activity. Based on the analysis of the scientific activity of the students, we developed and presented recommendations on improving the research activities of students. The application of the recommendations will allow the teachers of the university to actively support the research activities of master’s degree students, develop their professional competencies, create a situation of success in the chosen professional area and predict further scientific research.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):114-121
114-121
ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODICAL FEATURES OF THE ACTIVITY OF STUDENT SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES, ORIENTED TO PERSONAL SELF-DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTH
Abstract
The research is aimed at identifying organizational and methodological approaches to the organization of social and cultural activities, oriented to the student’s self-development. Student scientific society is characterized as a special kind of amateur organization, which opens wide opportunities for self-development and self-realization of students as young professionals. All the activities carried out by student scientific societies are classified into research and scientific and organizational ones. On the basis of the analysis of the materials of mass communication, priority areas in the work of student scientific societies are identified: scientific, exhibition, presentation, excursion, discussion, competitive, educational, recreational, artistic and mass events, intellectual and business games, as well as the organization of the work of profile student media. It is noted that the development of intercultural interaction is an important direction of the social and cultural activity of student scientific societies. This is manifested in the organization of the work of international friendship clubs, associations of national compatriots, carrying out activities aimed at acquaintance with the culture, traditions and national peculiarities of the peoples whose representatives study at the university. Student scientific societies are positioned as active subjects of social and cultural activity, carrying out a variety of targeted and content oriented work with a wide range of organizational forms.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):122-129
122-129
Pedagogical features of development of social and cultural activity of students by sports tourism means
Abstract
The problem of the development of social and cultural activity of students is a strategic priority in the field of state youth policy. We discuss pedagogical features of personality behavior during leisure and sports tourism, the problems of social and cultural institutions in the development of leisure programs and leisure activities, issues related to the needs and demands of students in the choice of leisure, the results of experimental work on the development of social and cultural activity of students in Tambov and Tambov region, and also ways of the decision of development of social and cultural activity of the individual at the organization of leisure activity and sports tourism. It is analyzed that pedagogical features are the connecting link influencing deve- lopment of social and cultural activity of student youth by sports tourism means. During the orga- nization of events with a variety of forms of free time, conditions are created for the disclosure of creative potential and self-realization. The development and implementation of leisure programs has a direct impact on the development of social and cultural activity of students in the process of its interaction. Conscious participation in public life, formation of competence and responsibility to oneself and others, readiness for independent life choice become important processes in the development of modern society and innovative development of the country.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):130-136
130-136
NATIONAL HISTORY
THE IMPACT OF CAUCASIAN WAR ON INTERNAL MIGRATION OF THE POPULATION OF DAGESTAN
Abstract
The Caucasian war had a significant impact on both the internal and the external migration situation in Dagestan. First noticeable negative impact made war on internal seasonal movement of highlanders to the plains to exchange goods, livestock and handicrafts, and seasonal movements of the relatively large proportion of the adult male population in search of work to the plains of Dagestan. One of the consequences of the national liberation movement 1820-1850s of the mountaineers of Dagestan there was a mass migration of highlanders who did not want to participate in the Caucasian war in the Caucasus. The most severe effects were villagers caught in the crossfire. Military operations and their accompanying destruction of villages, forced inhabitants to move to other areas, the result of forced migration have changed the boundaries of the settlement of peoples.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):137-140
137-140
HISTORICAL MEMORY IN RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS: RUSSIAN RESEARCHERS’ VIEW
Abstract
Аbstract. The relevance of the research of historical memory in religious movements is due to the modern temporal transformation and the need to study the problem of translation of the previous generations experience in the conditions of permanent socio-cultural changes. The purpose of the work involves the study of problems related to the mechanisms of historical memory in religious movements. On the basis of the studied sources, the importance of discussions about the de- finition of religion and post-secular/desecularization for the research of historical memory is substantiated. It is shown that religious experience is influenced by social processes, so it is necessary to take into account the socio-cultural dynamics, as well as political and economic changes in the evaluation and analysis of the religious aspects of historical memory. We analyze how these discussions influenced the assessment of changes in the role of religious institutions, as well as the transformation of the content of images of historical memory and religious practices. It is proved that the historical memory for religious movements can act as a symbolic resource, but the experience gained in the religious sphere is also regularly used by other communities. Particularly inte- resting is the mutual influence of the political and religious spheres, which were separately analyzed in the framework of our research. It is proved that the problems of the research of religious aspects of historical memory coincides with the main trends of memory studies.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):141-148
141-148
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE LARGE LANDLORD ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT OF TAMBOV governorate IN THE LATE 19th CENTURY
Abstract
Аbstract. The social and economic features of the large estates development in the Tambov Governorate in the late 19th are examined. The class composition of the latifundists, the social and economic development features of their estates are considered. The source for the work are mate- rials describing the major Tambov estates, “Digest of Statistical Data on the Tambov Governorate”. On the basis of the socio-economic development of the estates, the data system “Large Estates of the Tambov Governorate in the Late 19th Century” is compiled, which allows to generalize information on 489 latifundia of the Tambov Governorate. The relevance of the work is determined by the importance of studying the most successful forms of social and economical pre-revolutionary modernization of the post-reform agricultural sector. In the post-reform period it was the entrepreneurial activity of latifundia that was the source of new forms of rationalism and enterprise, social and industrial innovations. The study of sources makes it possible to generalize the territorial features of the concentration of latifundia in the region, to elucidate the reasons for the economic stability of the latifundia in the region, to determine the specific features of the industrial structure of the economic complexes of the Tambov estates, and to consider the most common methods of land use. The study of the industrial modernization of the latifundia is supplemented by a study of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the composition of local wage workers. The qualifications and shortcomings of the professions that were formed in privately owned farms were determined. Synthesis of material for a nu mber of farms shows that the economic success of large owners was largely due to the widely practiced use of a qualified administration and the involvement of agricultural hiring.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):149-156
149-156
THE WHITES, THE REDS, THE GREENS OF RUSSIAN CIVIL WAR: Origins of high social aggression and its political spectrum Part I. THE Methodology AND THE Research METHODs
Abstract
Аbstract. The new information in the concept of the Russian Revolution and Civil War and the methods of marking and tracing of higher social activities (aggression) of that formative period are given. The principle of historical methods demands to view that upheaval of social aggression in its military revolutionary presentation as a product and a tool of the global social and natural synergy to control traditional and transitional populations with its natural and demographic basis. The methods of the analysis include making and processing of various electronic database, embraced dozens of million people, to trace an evolution of marked social aggression via long unbreakable lines of sociographic information. We demonstrate some results of marking social aggression in Russia of the late 19th - first quarter of 20th century. In the set of markers are: the time and the place of birth, social estate origin, nationality, gender, education, occupation, political “color”, social elite trends and structures and other social mobility (migration, repression), military officers’ shares, the highest military orders commanders, psycho-sexual and anthroponomical features.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):157-164
157-164
FOREIGN COUNTRIES’ HISTORY
LEONARDO BRUNI, ERASMUS OF ROTTERDAM AND JEAN CALVIN ON ACTIVE LIFE
Abstract
For the first time in historiography, we represent a comparative study of the concept of active life as found in three European thinkers of the 15-16th centuries: Italian humanist Leonardo Bruni, Erasmus of Rotterdam and Jean Calvin. The study makes use of primary sources, including those not yet accessible to Russian-speaking readers, as well as of Russian and international historiography. We show that the apology of active life steadily increases from one thinker to another, turning into a forceful exhortation in J. Calvin. At the same time, the study discloses significant dissimilarities between L. Bruni’s, Erasmus’, and J. Calvin’s views of active life, which is explained by the fact that the three thinkers lived in different epochs of European history. Besides that, the attitude of each of the authors to the opposite of active life, i. e. the contemplative life, is examined, showing that each author had his own understanding of the latter. In the fact that each thinker prefers active life to the contemplative, as well as in the increase in the apology of active life from L. Bruni to Erasmus and then to J. Calvin we see a reflection of the transition from the “era of contemplative life” to the “era of active life”, which took place in Europe during the Renaissance and Reformation.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):165-176
165-176
THE REACTION OF THE LIBERAL CIRCLES OF ENGLAND AT THE FORMATION OF AUSTRIA-HUNGARY IN THE COVERAGE OF THE NEWSPAPER “THE MORNING POST” (1867)
Abstract
The reaction of the liberal circles of England to the formation of the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary in 1867 is considered. The material, on which the study is based, was the Bri- tish newspaper “The Morning Post”, which expressed the interests of the middle class of the bourgeoisie and was the so-called “megaphone” of the Liberal party of Great Britain. Analysis of the newspaper material showed that in the British newspaper the most often raised and considered Austria-Hungary issues are the following: 1) the personality of Emperor Franz Joseph I; 2) the reorganization of the political system of Austria-Hungary on the basis of liberal laws; 3) the adoption of the Constitution of 1867 and the subsequent domestic changes. The study of the journalistic material led to the conclusion that the British liberals met very positively the formation of Austria-Hungary, because in its original form the reforms carried out by the Austrian government were a vivid example of the liberal ideology defended by the liberal community of Great Britain. Nevertheless, the emotionally expressive tone of newspaper articles shows that British liberals, having accepted the changes taking place in Austria-Hungary positively, were not always able to give an objective assessment of what was happening, so the newspaper often does not talk about the real problems of Austrian society.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):177-182
177-182
THE EVENTS IN 1950 IN EAST PAKISTAN AND VALLABHBHAI PATEL
Abstract
We characterize the emergence, beginning and end of the crisis in East Pakistan in 1950 and India’s reaction to the events on its North-Eastern borders. The central figure of the study is the Minister of Home Affairs and at the same time the Minister of States of India Vallabhbhai Patel - a politician of India, a disciple of Mahatma Gandhi and a friend of Jawaharlal Nehru, an indisputable authority in the ruling Indian National Congress, which for all that is very poorly studied in domestic science. Complex personality, the informal leader of India and Congress, he remained on the second place only at the behest of M. Gandhi. A devoted servant of the people, a native of a peasant family, who later became a brilliant lawyer and politician, V. Patel has repeatedly saved India at the crucial moments in history. The study is based on the Indian sources and continues our series of publications on the role and place of V. Patel in the history of independent India.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):183-188
183-188
РЕЦЕНЗИЯ
REVIEW ON THE MONOGRAPH: PROTASOVA O.L. DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISM FIGURES IN THE CONTEXT OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY POLITICAL CULTURE OF THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE 20TH CENTURY. TAMBOV, FSBEI OF HE “TSTU” PUBL., 2017, 272 P
Abstract
Review on O.L. Protasova’s monograph “Democratic Socialism Figures in the Context of Russian Society Political Culture of the First Quarter of the 20th Century”, published in 2017, is presented. This scientific work is devoted to the problems of formation of inter-party ideological and political movement - democratic socialism in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):198-200
198-200
СОВРЕМЕННОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО И ПРОБЛЕМЫ ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ
HE FORMATION OF THE INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM OF THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF LA FRANCOPHONIE
Abstract
We examine questions of historical formation of the International Organization of La Francophonie as an institutional system (1950-1980). The characterization and analysis of the initial stages of the International Organization of La Francophonie institutionalization allows a better understanding of its historical and modern ideological principles. It is noted that the world system of Francophonie begins to take shape in the middle of the 20th century. We analyze various projects for the creation of the International Organization of La Francophonie, which influenced the legal structure of the organization, its traditions, as well as relations with french-speaking states and other linguistic associations (International Association of French-Speaking Journalists and Press, The Union of French Culture, The Conference of Ministers of National Education of French-Speaking States, etc.). It shows the importance of both Western European and African countries and their political leaders in the development of the Francophonie project as an international organization, as well as the leading role of France. It is noted that the whole Francophone space became the springboard of the Union’s actions, and the goal was to protect and spread the French language and Francophone culture in the world. We conclude that the process of institutionalization of the International Organization of La Francophonie has played a huge role in maintaining the status of the French language and the role of France in the global space.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2018;23(175):189-197
189-197