The system of vocational education in the context of historical-retrospective development and formation in the 1920s (on the example of the Oryol province)

the problems of the economic development of modern Russia, the acute need for prepared qualified personnel, again raise the problem of reforming the system of educational space and the significance of secondary vocational education for the socio-economic development of the entire state. In solving this important and difficult task, it is necessary to rely on historical experience, which was accumulated by the Soviet school and pedagogy on previous ones of development, given the positive and negative results, the reforms implemented. The discussions that unfolded in the early 1920s about the development paths of the professional school, on the forms and character of the training of qualified personnel, about the ratio between general and professional education are also relevant in the modern educational space, which should first be oriented on the needs of "Tomorrow". The article is devoted to the problems of the formation of a professional education system in the historical period of the 1920s. The work analyzes the discussion issue of the place of vocational education in the structure of the new educational space of the Republic of the Councils of the early 1920s, various types of educational institutions created in the structure of the Unified Labor School are considered, statistical data on the number of schools and the content of students in the Oryol province are given. The purpose of the study is to analyze the process of forming a professional school system in the framework of reforming the educational space of Soviet Russia in the 1920s. In the regional context, the identification of general and local characteristics that influenced the development of secondary educational institutions. Based on the analysis of documentary and archival documents, the authors conclude about the inconsistency of approaches to the problems of professionalization of training in the conditions of the economic crisis of the early 1920s and the lack of a tested pedagogical and methodological approach for its qualitative implementation. In the conditions of modern Russia, it is the quality of education that is one of the most important factors of competitiveness and sustainable socio-economic development of the country.

the history of Russia, the educational space of the 1920s, the professionalization of education, the new economic policy, qualified personnel, the Oryol province