Vol 9, No 13 (2021)
- Year: 2021
- Published: 01.11.2021
- Articles: 10
- URL: https://ogarev-online.ru/2311-2468/issue/view/18611
Full Issue
Etiological aspects of socio-demographic factors of HIV infection in the republic of Monrovia
Abstract
A retrospective analysis of the epidemiological investigation cards, outpatient cards of HIV-infected patients identified in 2018-2019 was carried out. To date, according to the age composition, the maximum number of detected cases annually falls on persons from 31 to 50 years old. The heterosexual way remains the leading way of HIV transmission. Of the HIV-infected patients first identified at the stage of severe immunodeficiency, almost 2/3 are men living in rural areas.
Development and characterization of antimicrobial and wound-healing suppositories with methyluracil and levomycetin
Abstract
The composition and technology of antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and wound- healing suppositories containing methyluracil and levomycetin have been developed. The main technological characteristics of suppositories of the proposed composition were evaluated.
Features of gynecological history of women of late reproductive age, leading to a decrease in ovarian reserve
Abstract
The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the gynecological history and features of the ovarian reserve in women of late reproductive age. To assess the ovarian reserve, hormonal and ultrasound indicators were used for 2-5 days of the menstrual cycle. Based on a retrospective examination, we first proposed the level of somatotropic hormone <1.71 ng / ml (on day 2-5 of the menstrual cycle), as a prognostically unfavorable marker of a positive result of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.
Predictors of biliary pancreatitis and selection of indications for draining common bile duct in acute calculous cholecystitis
Abstract
The results of treatment of 208 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis (OCD) for the period 2019-2020 who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were analyzed. To compare the risk of developing biliary pancreatitis, archival data on the results of OCC treatment for the period 2012-2013 were used, before the adoption of the tactics of preoperative screening of patients for choledochostomy (control group, n=286). The main complications identified were choledocholithiasis (2.4%), tubular stenosis of the common bile duct (1%), stenosis of the large papilla of the duodenum (1%). Signs of biliary pancreatitis were detected in 8 (3.9%) patients of the main group and in 25 (8.7%) of the control group with a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the relative risk (RRR= 0.560) of developing the disease in the main group.
Results of neuroimaging studies in patients with chronic subdural hematomas
Abstract
The article considers the results of neuroimaging studies in patients with chronic subdural hematomas (CSH). According to the results of computer and magnetic resonance imaging, hypodensive hematomas prevailed in the preoperative period, which were visualized in 82.26% of patients with relapse and were absent in the relapse-free course of HCG. The number of patients with displacement of the median structures of the brain, the absence of subarachnoid slits and the presence of perifocal edema prevailed in group II compared to group I (p<0.001). When calculating the probability of recurrence of HCG, the sign of the presence of perifocal edema revealed the greatest diagnostic significance. The recurrent course of CHF was accompanied by an increase in brain hypoxia with progressive damage to cerebral structures.
Disorders of homeostasis and disturbance of the functional state of the liver with different severity of mechanical jaundice
Abstract
A study of 40 operated patients with mechanical jaundice (MJ) of varying severity of non-tumor origin was conducted. Group I (n=20) – mild severity of MJ; Group II (n=20) – severe type of MJ. The assessment of the severity of endogenous intoxication, microcirculatory changes and hemostatic disorders was carried out. It was found that in the early postoperative period of mechanical jaundice, the development of endogenous intoxication, microcirculatory changes and hemostatic disorders are recorded, which are directly related to hepatodepression. The severity of homeostasis disorders and liver damage are associated with the severity of the disease. In the initial stages of severe obstructive jaundice, there is a high tolerance to the therapy, which is the basis for improving treatment regimens.
The association of dental status of patients with bruxism and general somatic pathology
Abstract
To determine the patterns of formation of dental and somatic manifestations of bruxism, 24 patients with this diagnosis were examined, as well as 38 patients of the control group without bruxism. External examination of the face, oral cavity, temporomandibular joint, analysis of the presence of chronic diseases of other organs and systems were carried out. The method of statistical processing of the obtained data was used to study the relationship between the indicators of dental status and concomitant diseases in patients with bruxism. As a result, the association of bruxism and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the presence of stressful situations and psychological disorders was found, which indicates the polyethological nature of bruxism.
Immunological disturbances and their dynamics on the background of different therapeutic modes in patients with chronic obstructive dustus pulmonary disease with dyslipidemia
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of dust etiology remains the leading disease of coal industry workers. Immunological disorders in dust COPD play one of the leading pathogenetic directions that ensure faster progression of the disease and early development of complications, are characterized by significant depression of the T-lymphocytic (especially helper) germ and compensatory, secondary activation of the production of cytotoxic killers, active B- lymphocytes, accumulation of immune complexes. The severity of immunological disorders was more pronounced than in individuals with a non-dust variant of the disease. Partial restoration of the initially existing T-lymphopenia and a decrease in the hyperreactivity of the B-lymphocytic system and autoimmunity is observed against the background of the use of hyperbaric oxygenation, but to a greater extent with the use of hypoxic hyperoxytherapy sessions.
Modern understanding of hand eczema
Abstract
The article presents an overview of the aspects of epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations of hand eczema, modern approaches to treatment and prevention. In recent years, there has been a high incidence of hand eczema, having negative socio-economic consequences, i.e., forced change of profession or inability to find employment. Treatment of this disease, especially in severe and chronic cases, is a difficult task for a dermatovenerologist.
Clinical case of diagnosis and surgical treatment of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma in a child
Abstract
The article presents a review of a clinical case of diagnosis and modern laparoscopically assisted removal of retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma in a 6-year-old child. The tumor was discovered accidentally during an ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs. Timely diagnosis and laparoscopic radical surgical removal contribute to a favorable prognosis. The child was discharged in a satisfactory condition with recovery.