Methods of teaching badminton to adolescents with intellectual disabilities taking into account the motor asymmetry of the hands

Importance. Badminton as a means of adaptive physical education has significant potential in developing coordination abilities. At the same time, in the process of teaching motor actions in badminton to adolescents with intellectual disabilities, teachers often do not pay attention and do not take into account the features of motor asymmetry of the hands. The problem of the study is due to the insufficient development of the methodology for teaching motor actions in badminton, taking into account the motor preferences of adolescents aged 12–13 years. At present, there are no works devoted to the problem of teaching badminton to adolescents with similar deviations in health, taking into account the features of motor asymmetry of the hands. The purpose of the study is to experimentally test the effectiveness of the methodology for teaching motor actions with a racket in badminton to adolescents with mild mental retardation with both the dominant and non-dominant hand.Materials and Methods. The experimental methodology is developed based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, observation results, video analysis of movements and diagnostics of hand motor preferences in 108 adolescents, and the content of adaptive physical education programs in 8 correctional schools in Ivanovo region. The pedagogical experiment is conducted with 12–13 year old adolescents (20 people) at Shuya correctional boarding school. The methodology is implemented during the school year, during badminton sectional classes (3 times a week). The exercises’ volume performed by the non-dominant hand varied from 15 to 25 % of the time in each class. The developed methodology exercises’ are performed using motor actions with a racket, both with balloons of different sizes, and with a shuttlecock. The pedagogical experiment results are processed using Student’s t-criterion.Results and Discussion. According to the pedagogical experiment results, the performance indicators of the following technical techniques in the experimental group of adolescents: “a high serve with the shuttlecock hitting the target area”; “shuttlecock juggling”; “lower shuttlecock serve with the shuttlecock hitting the hoop suspended at a height” became significantly higher than those of the control group of adolescents (p < 0.05).Conclusion. The use of a special technique for performing exercises with a badminton racket with the non-dominant hand in a volume of 15 to 25 % in sectional classes with adolescents with mild mental retardation helps to improve the quality of their performance of technical techniques in badminton.