Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome after filling a single bone-cyst cavity with beta-tricalcium phosphate granules

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Abstract

Backgrоund. Сomplex regional pain syndrome is a condition associated with a multitude of clinical factors. Its characteristic feature is persistent pain caused by injuries and is not anatomically limited to the location of a particular peripheral nerve.

Clinical case. This article describes a case involving the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome in a thirteen-year-old patient, which resulted in a simple bone cyst surgical treatment of the lower-third of the fibula. Diagnostics were based on clinical, laboratorial, histological, radiological, and instrumental methods of research. The treatment methods included medication (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, non-opioid analgesics of central action, and bisphosphonates), cold plasma ablation, neurolysis of the sural nerve, prolonged regional anesthesia, tunneling of the bone marrow cavity (filled by substitutional filler), and marginal bone resection.

Discussion. Сomplex regional pain syndrome is a poorly studied condition, which contributes to the complexity of its diagnosis. In this case, the presence of complex regional pain syndrome can be characterized by tissue injury during surgical intervention as well as by intraoperative injury of the nerve fibers. The stages of complex regional pain syndrome detected in studies may not appear in all patients, and in this case, no staging was observed. By eliminating the obliteration of the medullary canal after segmental resection of the sclerosed portion of the bone, it was possible to reduce the severity of pain, which resulted in the subsequent disappearance of the manifestations of complex regional pain syndrome.

Conclusions. This case testifies to the effectiveness of various methods of treating complex regional pain syndrome. The etiology of the specific patient’s pain syndrome should be considered when treating complex regional pain syndrome.

About the authors

Liaisan R. Aminova

Kazan State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: leysan150@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8701-164X
SPIN-code: 9809-4571

student of Pediatric Faculty

Russian Federation, 49, Butlerov street, Kazan, 420012

Vladislav V. Lobashov

Kazan State Medical University; City Clinical Hospital No. 7 of Kazan

Email: lobashoff@ya.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3467-0358
SPIN-code: 4138-4735

Associate Specialist of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Surgery of Extreme Situations Department; MD, PhD, Orthopedic Surgeon 

Russian Federation, 49, Butlerova street, Kazan, 420012; 54, Marshal Chuikov Str., Kazan,, 420103

Ildar F. Akhtiamov

Kazan State Medical University; City Clinical Hospital No. 7 of Kazan

Email: yalta60@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5264-5634
SPIN-code: 6579-8640

Head of the Chair of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Surgery of Extreme Situations Department; MD, PhD, D.Sc., Professor, Orthopedic Surgeon 

Russian Federation, 49, Butlerova street, Kazan, 420012; 54, Marshal Chuikov Str., Kazan,, 420103

References

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. X-ray image. On the projection of the lower third of the right fibula, the cystic formation is oval with clear, even contours, 1.9 × 0.8 cm in size, the cortical layer at the level of the formation is thinned

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3. Fig. 2. Radiograph. Condition after surgical treatment in the form of marginal excision of the affected part of the fibula. Pathological fracture of the lower third of the fibula; the cavity is filled with beta-tricalcium phosphate granules

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4. Fig. 3. Magnetic resonance imaging. Cicatricial-adhesive process in soft tissues of the lower third of the lower right leg

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5. Fig. 4. Multispiral computed tomography. Deformities and osteosclerotic changes in the bone over a length of 29.0 mm with high-density endosteal areas; the bone is locally swollen to some extent

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6. Fig. 5. Radiograph. Condition of bone one month after surgery in the form of a segmental resection of a sclerotically altered area of the lower third of the fibula

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7. Fig. 6. Radiograph four months after surgery (segmental resection). Osteotylus formation and filling of the bone defect with newly formed bone tissue

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8. Fig. 7. Multispiral computed tomography 12 months after surgery in the form of a segmental resection of the lower third of the fibula. Signs of emerging differentiation of the bone structure into the cortical layer and the bone marrow cavity are visible

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Copyright (c) 2020 Aminova L.R., Lobashov V.V., Akhtiamov I.F.

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