The importance of cultural and historical context for the study of literature

the article examines the importance of cultural and historical context for the study of literary works, which is especially necessary for understanding artistic texts of past centuries. An analysis is made of individual components of the cultural and historical context of the creation of works that improve the understanding of the goals and objectives of the authors. The cultural and historical context of literary works is of great importance for the understanding of texts by readers, especially if more than one century has passed between the time of creation of the work and the time of reading. Without its knowledge, a work of art can be understood incorrectly or not fully. Thus, the use of cultural and historical, biographical and sociocultural methods is relevant in the study of literature in the school and university curriculum, improving the understanding of the writer's intention and the idea of the work. The purpose of the article is to determine the importance of the cultural and historical context for the study of literary works. The research methodology is based on the analysis of scientific works on the methodology of teaching literature in general and on the cultural-historical, biographical method, the method of literary analysis of a fiction text in particular. The theoretical basis was materials that illustrate the nuances of a better understanding of literary works due to precise knowledge of the cultural-historical and social environment of the creation of the text, the biography of the authors, and the peculiarities of literary life. The results of this study may be useful in choosing methods of teaching literature in school and university programs for a better understanding of the author's intention and idea of the work. As a result of studying the cultural and historical context of the creation of literary works, its great importance for understanding the idea of the works during their creation by the author and the need to study it were determined. Various components of the cultural and historical context of the work were considered using cultural and historical, socio-cultural, biographical methods in literary analysis of the work of art.

literature, methods of teaching literature, creation of a literary work, cultural and historical context, cultural and historical method, biographical method, literary analysis