No 3 (2024)

Introduction. In the economy of the Russian Federation, the processes of reproduction of the intellectual capital of citizens are characterized by multidirectional trends. On the one hand, the systems of further education, including distance education, are developing quite actively, the innovation infrastructure is being strengthened, platforms for supporting startups, one of the forms of intellectual capital implementation, are being intensively created and improved, etc. On the other hand, the institution of the Unified State Exam (USE), the Bologna system of personnel training, the outflow of some of the most qualified personnel, in particular IT specialists, to the virtual segment of the economy, as well as the remote work of the latter for foreign organizations are making an ambiguous impact on the quality of intellectual capital reproduction.

The aim of the study is to develop methodological tools for assessing intellectual capital and to substantiate the directions for improving its reproduction in the context of the formation of post-industrial socio-economic solutions.

Methodology. The theoretical basis of the study is made up of the provisions of the institutional, neo-institutional and post-neoclassical paradigms of economic theory in terms of studying the trends in the formation and reproduction of intellectual capital. The following methods were used during the work preparation: analysis, synthesis, the study of static and dynamic indicators, correlation and regression analysis, tools of the portfolio approach to studying economic processes, the method of index numbers.

Research results. The content of the main stages in development of the processes of reproduction of intellectual capital of individuals in the domestic economy from the Soviet period to the beginning of 2020 has been systematized. Thus, in the times of the USSR, a fairly comprehensive and effective system of reproduction of the intellectual potential of the employed population was developed. The system was destroyed in the 1990s. The authors have identified the key trends, advantages and disadvantages of the reproduction of intellectual capital at various stages of the evolution of the domestic economic system in 2000-2024, including those associated with the introduction of new institutions in the Russian Federation (USE, the Bologna system, institutions of innovative infrastructure, etc.).

Conclusion. The study confirms the closest relationship between the reproduction of an individual's intellectual capital and the processes of transformation of the domestic economy. There is synchronization of stages of intellectual capital development with institutional reforms of the social and economic systems of social reproduction.

Introduction. An effective industrial policy plays a key role in achieving technological sovereignty and ensuring Russia’s national security in the face of geopolitical challenges and threats. It should give impetus to concentrate efforts on the most important technological areas, develop high-tech industries and knowledge-intensive enterprises, and thus provide for strengthening the competitiveness of the national economy.

Goals and objectives. The purpose of this study is to identify the key priorities of Russia's industrial policy in order to ensure national technological sovereignty based on the strategic development directions defined at the federal level, as well as the interests of the regions.

Materials and methods. During the research process, tools of systemic and functional approaches, general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, scientific abstraction, comparison, analogy), as well as indicative analysis were used.

Results. The study has shown that in modern conditions there is an urgent need to develop the industrial policy of the regions with the aim of their long-term sustainable development and increasing their competitiveness. The key national industrial policy priorities modified in line with the goals of reducing Russia's import dependence and ensuring its technological sovereignty have been identified. The study has assessed the indicators of the state of the industrial potential of the Republic of Mordovia along with the institutional environment for implementing the regional industrial policy, both having an impact on ensuring technological sovereignty.

Conclusion. In accordance with the identified trends, strategic priorities for the formation of the regional industrial policy aimed at strengthening the national technological sovereignty have been determined including the development of existing and emerging industries in compliance with the priority areas of ensuring the country's technological sovereignty (medical industry, electronic and electrical industry, oil and gas engineering), providing advanced development infrastructure for the implementation of scientific, technical and innovation activities in the region, providing support for the technological re-equipment of industrial enterprises in the region, increasing the investment attractiveness of the region in order to attract investment in high-tech industries, etc.

Introduction. Several conceptual and strategic documents changing the attitude of the state to economic security have been recently adopted. They consider economic security as one of the strategic national priorities, the implementation of which aims to protect and ensure the national interest – sustainable development of the Russian economy on a new technological basis. An important condition for ensuring the economic security of the Russian Federation is reliance on the internal potential of the country.

The purpose of the study is to identify the main trends and regularities in the development of the infrastructure sector of the Russian economy, to provide recommendations for improving the efficiency of the development of the infrastructure sector of Russian economy as one of the most important factors in ensuring the economic security of the country.

Methodology. The methodological toolkit for addressing the problems under study is based on the dialectical methods of cognition. System analysis, expert assessments, observation methods, methods and techniques for systematization and formalization of information are used.

Results. The methodology of the study has been substantiated. The area of economic security should be considered simultaneously from two perspectives: firstly, as a state of the economic system, the parameters of which make it possible to determine the ability of this system to withstand the negative impact of possible risks and threats; secondly, as a state in which the economic system maintains a certain level of development, corresponding to the established target benchmarks under the influence of various risks and threats. A system of strategic indicators of the development of one of the infrastructure sectors (construction complex) has been proposed. Priority areas for ensuring the transition of the economy to innovation-oriented economic growth on the basis of strategic development of the construction complex at the macro level have been identified.

Conclusion. The existing structure of Russian economy does not fully allow for a sustainable rate of economic growth. It is necessary to form a model of innovation-oriented economic growth of the country as a type of socio-economic development ensured mainly by technological innovation and economic effects resulting from its implementation. The model of network ecosystems in construction reveals the opportunities for developing an infrastructure complex that will be able to provide for resolving the urgent tasks of ensuring economic security for all economic actors.

Introduction. Platform services have become convenient platforms for interaction between providers and consumers of financial services. The most common types of them are financial and investment platforms (crowdlending and crowdinvesting ones). The number of transactions through financial platforms increased significantly in 2023. This was facilitated by an increase in demand for investment and deposit products in the context of rising interest rates.

The purpose of the article is to assess the advantages, risks and development prospects of digital platforms on the basis of a comparative analysis of their functioning.

Methods. The study employs abstract logical methods, systematization and analysis, statistical and analytical methods, analogy and generalization. The organizational issues of the digital platform activity are presented in a systemic way, the dynamics of indicators characterizing the pace of their development are presented, the problems of platform services development are revealed, and the ways of their solution are determined.

Results. For financial organizations, the advantages of using digital platforms lie in the possibility to expand the geography of their presence in the market without opening additional structural units, as well as in the formation of alternative sales channels and the expansion of the clients’ audience. For consumers, acquiring financial services through a platform makes it possible to increase their reliability and quickly conduct a comparative analysis of the conditions offered by different providers. At the same time, the use of digital platforms carries the following risks: lack of obligations to keep funds safe, difficulty in identifying the borrower and the lender. The presence of artificial intelligence shows the risks of technical imperfection and operational risks.

Conclusion. The use of digital platforms in the Russian market contributes to the improvement of the quality of customer service. Their development will ensure increased competition in the financial market, as well as reducing the negative impact of market threats on the activities of financial institutions. The integration of digital ecosystems and financial marketplaces will provide an opportunity to expand the range of services, improve the quality of service and increase consumer confidence in financial services.

Introduction. Introduction. The efficiency of the choice of a price category for electricity consumers is highly relevant for the theory and practice of industrial enterprises in Russia. The issue is of particular interest to domestic researchers as well. Among the types of tariffs offered by guaranteeing electricity suppliers to industrial consumers, the fifth and sixth price categories stand out which imply that electricity purchase is based on consumers’ submitting daily forecasts of their hourly consumption to the supplier. The power receiving devices of consumers of the fifth and sixth price categories allow measuring hourly amounts of electricity consumption.

The purpose of the work is to assess the efficiency of the transition of retail market consumers to paying for electricity according to the fifth and sixth price categories.

Research methods. The article presents techniques for calculating the maximum levels of unregulated prices for the consumers who pay electricity bills according to the fifth and sixth price categories. Economic analysis of each component of the calculation of the price parameters related to the supply of planned hourly electricity consumption in the retail market has been carried out.

Research results. The schemes of electricity price transmission to consumers by guaranteeing suppliers, as well as the distinctive features of the price categories used in the retail electricity market are presented. On the example of electricity prices in the regions of the Volga Federal District, the degree of efficiency of using the fifth and sixth price categories by electricity consumers has been analyzed. The calculation of the effect parameters shows very low rates of the resulting savings that are absolutely disproportionate to the costs associated with the formation of forecasts in the case of selecting the fifth or sixth price category. For producing high quality daily forecasts of the planned hourly consumption of electricity, it is necessary to make a clear plan of the manufacturing equipment operations, synchronize the work of the energy and production support services of the enterprise, allocate a separate staff unit to collect data on commercial electricity metering, etc.

Conclusion. The author’s calculations indicate that the use of the fifth and sixth price categories in retail markets is not economically beneficial for consumers.