Влияние анестезии в анте- и интранатальном периодах развития на когнитивный статус детей в возрасте от 0 до 3 лет
- Авторы: Александрович Ю.С.1, Горьковая И.А.1, Микляева А.В.2
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Учреждения:
- Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет
- Российский государственный педагогический университет им. А.И. Герцена
- Выпуск: Том 75, № 5 (2020)
- Страницы: 532-540
- Раздел: АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПЕДИАТРИИ
- URL: https://ogarev-online.ru/vramn/article/view/125715
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15690/vramn1391
- ID: 125715
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В статье представлены результаты систематического обзора публикаций, посвященных проблеме влияния анестезии, воздействующей в анте- и интранатальном периодах развития на когнитивный статус младенцев и детей раннего возраста. Поиск публикаций осуществлялся посредством анализа электронных библиографических баз данных Web of Science и PubMed. В результате анализа выявлено пять групп факторов, которые определяют характер анте- и интранатального влияния анестезии на когнитивный статус детей раннего возраста: вид анестезии, тип анестетика, период развития, на который приходится его воздействие, частота и длительность воздействия, а также дозировка и концентрация вещества. Установлено, что наиболее уязвимы к воздействию анте- и интранатальной анестезии такие когнитивные функции, как память и способность к обучению, речь и перцептивные процессы, а также моторная активность, которая в раннем детстве выступает условием становления интеллекта. Констатируется, что при оперативном родоразрешении и неакушерских операциях у беременных наиболее безопасным вариантом обезболивания (с точки зрения рисков нарушений нейрокогнитивного развития ребенка) является регионарная анестезия. В случае общей анестезии наименьшие риски негативных последствий для когнитивного статуса ребенка в период раннего детства связаны с применением севофлурана.
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Юрий Станиславович Александрович
Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: jalex1963@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2131-4813
SPIN-код: 2225-1630
д.м.н., профессор
Россия, Санкт-ПетербургИрина Алексеевна Горьковая
Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет
Email: iralgork@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1488-4746
SPIN-код: 1604-2157
д.психол.н., профессор
Россия, Санкт-ПетербургАнастасия Владимировна Микляева
Российский государственный педагогический университет им. А.И. Герцена
Email: a.miklyaeva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8389-2275
SPIN-код: 9471-8985
д.психол.н., доцент
Россия, Санкт-ПетербургСписок литературы
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