Aspects of the pathogenesis of anemia in cancer patients
- Authors: Romanenko NA1, Bessmeltsev SS1, Alborov AE1,2, Shilova ER1, Chechetkin AV1, Khanevich MD1,2
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Affiliations:
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology of FMBA
- City Clinical Oncological Center
- Issue: Vol 100, No 6 (2019)
- Pages: 950-957
- Section: Reviews
- URL: https://ogarev-online.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/18516
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ2019-950
- ID: 18516
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Abstract
Anemia is considered one of the manifistations of many neoplasms affecting the overall survival and reducing the quality of life of patients. The prevalence of anemia varies from 20 to 90% depending on the nosology, the stage of the disease, antitumor treatment. The pathogenesis of anemia in cancer patients is complex. Among pathogenetic factors, such factors are distinguished as tumor infiltration of the bone marrow by malignant cells, inhibition of erythroid growth by cytokines of inflammation, decreased sensitivity of receptors to erythropoietin and its production, increased levels of hepcidin, defects of nutrition, increased deposition and sequestration of blood cells in the spleen, excessive bone fibrosis, hemorrhagic syndrome, antitumor therapy. The article presents the pathogenesis of anemia in oncological disease with a detailed description of the suppressive effect on hematopoiesis of a number of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ) produced by cells of the immune system. The mechanism of influence of cytokines on erythropoiesis, synthesis of erythropoietin as well as on the enhancement of hepcidin production in the body is presented in detail. The article also describes the mechanism of impairment of iron kinetics in the body in patients with cancer and subsequent development of functional deficiency. This review of the literature contains up-to-date information about the factors involved in the pathogenesis of anemia in cancer patients, understanding of which will allow the clinical physician to choose a rational way of pathogenetic or substitution correction of anemic syndrome, taking into account the personalized approach to treatment and prevention, especially in patients receiving surgical, chemotherapy, radiation treatment.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
N A Romanenko
Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology of FMBA
Author for correspondence.
Email: rom-nik@yandex.ru
SPIN-code: 4211-8993
Saint-Petersburg, Russia
S S Bessmeltsev
Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology of FMBA
Email: rom-nik@yandex.ru
Saint-Petersburg, Russia
A E Alborov
Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology of FMBA; City Clinical Oncological Center
Email: rom-nik@yandex.ru
Saint-Petersburg, Russia; Saint-Petersburg, Russia
E R Shilova
Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology of FMBA
Email: rom-nik@yandex.ru
SPIN-code: 9967-6367
Saint-Petersburg, Russia
A V Chechetkin
Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology of FMBA
Email: rom-nik@yandex.ru
SPIN-code: 6576-8487
Saint-Petersburg, Russia
M D Khanevich
Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology of FMBA; City Clinical Oncological Center
Email: rom-nik@yandex.ru
Saint-Petersburg, Russia; Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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