Natural deep eutectic solvents: promising agents for extracting substances from plant materials

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Abstract

There is a growing trend to replace synthetic products or additives with natural alternatives. Historical experience and developments in human health science demonstrate the adverse effects of xenobiotics on human health and metabolism. The shift toward natural products is essential for enhancing vitality, social activity, and overall quality of life, while preventing adverse events and diseases. Industries such as pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food are increasingly turning to natural and biologically active chemicals isolated from plants or microorganisms. However, the primary challenge lies in developing effective and eco-friendly methods for their isolation. Deep eutectic solvents are a mixture of two or more components with unique properties like low volatility, low melting points, ease of preparation, cost-effective starting materials, and minimal toxicity to humans. They have gained popularity as environmentally friendly agents for extracting biologically active substances from medicinal plants and as safe alternatives for various industries, including food and pharmaceuticals. Traditional organic solvent extraction methods have several drawbacks, including long extraction times, safety concerns, environmental damage, high cost, and the need for large solvent volumes. This review summarizes research progress on the benefits of using deep eutectic solvents for extracting bioactive compounds, including phenolic acid, flavonoids, isoflavones, catechins, polysaccharides, curcuminoids, proanthocyanidin, phycocyanin, gingerols, ginsenosides, anthocyanins, rutin, and chlorogenic acids. Additionally, it examines the biological activity of these extracts, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor properties.

About the authors

Elena V. Andrusenko

Kirov Military Medical Academy

Author for correspondence.
Email: elena.asu@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0588-4960
SPIN-code: 1825-9671

Cand. Sci. (Chemistry)
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Ruslan I. Glushakov

Kirov Military Medical Academy

Email: glushakoffruslan@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0161-5977
SPIN-code: 6860-8990

Dr. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Gregory A. Redkin

Kirov Military Medical Academy

Email: gredkin14@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-7457-2137
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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