Assessment of cell-mediated immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters
- Authors: Mezhenskaya D.А.1, Isakova-Sivak I.N.1, Rudenko L.G.1
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Affiliations:
- Institute of Experimental Medicine
- Issue: Vol 22, No 2 (2022)
- Pages: 215-220
- Section: Conference proceedings
- URL: https://ogarev-online.ru/MAJ/article/view/108629
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/MAJ108629
- ID: 108629
Cite item
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus at the end of 2019 remains to be a serious healthcare problem. Constant antigenic drift of the pathogen led to a decrease of licensed COVID-19 vaccines effectiveness. And the development of broad-spectrum vaccines with high effectiveness rate against evolutionarily divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants remains an urgent issue. Unlike virus-specific antibodies with limited spectrum of action, T-cell immunity has a wider cross-protective potential. Syrian hamsters are the most appropriate model for preclinical evaluation of new vaccine candidates, since these animals are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and show clinical symptoms of the disease. However, study of T-cell vaccine response in hamsters is complicated by the lack of available reagents and test systems for adequate assessment of the virus-specific cellular immunity levels after vaccination.
AIM: In this work, we report an optimized protocol of stimulation of Syrian hamsters’ immune cells with a live SARS-CoV-2 virus to assess virus-specific T-cell responses.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Intranasal infection of animals with SARS-CoV-2 virus followed by stimulation of immune cells with different doses of whole live coronavirus and counting of IFNγ-producing cells by ELISpot method.
RESULTS: Stimulation of spleen and lung cells with SARS-CoV-2 at a dose 0.1 TCID50/cell is the most optimal viral concentration for detecting maximum of cytokine-producing cells in SARS-CoV-2-infected animals. Stimulation of cells with whole virus revealed greater number of virus-specific cells compared to a stimulation with pools of SARS-CoV-2 lyophilized peptides (S and N proteins).
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the new methodology allows assessment of the immunogenicity of COVID-19 T-cell vaccines more accurately in preclinical studies using the Syrian hamsters model.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Daria А. Mezhenskaya
Institute of Experimental Medicine
Author for correspondence.
Email: dasmez@iemspb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6922-7682
SPIN-code: 5799-8802
Scopus Author ID: 57188763106
Research Associate of Laboratory of Immunology and Prevention of Viral Infections, A.A. Smorodintsev Department of Virology
Russian Federation, Saint PetersburgIrina N. Isakova-Sivak
Institute of Experimental Medicine
Email: isakova.sivak@iemspb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2801-1508
SPIN-code: 3469-3600
Scopus Author ID: 23973026600
Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Head of Laboratory of Immunology and Prevention of Viral Infections, A.A. Smorodintsev Department of Virology
Russian Federation, Saint PetersburgLarisa G. Rudenko
Institute of Experimental Medicine
Email: vaccine@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0107-9959
SPIN-code: 4181-1372
Scopus Author ID: 7005033248
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the A.A. Smorodintsev Department of Virology
Russian Federation, Saint PetersburgReferences
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