转诊至印度金奈市专科医疗中心的COVID-19患者肺血管和胃肠道血管病变的放射学评估:前瞻性的横断面研究

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论证。自2019年出现以来,冠状病毒感染大流行(COVID-19)在全球范围内的发病率和死亡率一直居高不下。 COVID-19主要是一种呼吸系统疾病,但也会影响其他器官系统,包括血管和胃肠道。COVID-19的并发症包括动脉和静脉血栓形成,大量研究表明肺栓塞风险增加。对COVID-19患者的病理解剖显示,有肺血管血栓形成和肠道缺血的病例。

目的 — 评估转诊至印度金奈市专科医疗中心的COVID-19 患者肺血管(尤其是肺栓塞)和胃肠道血管病变的放射学体症。

材料和方法。100名符合研究标准的COVID-19患者接受了肺血管计算机断层扫描和腹部造影剂计算机断层扫描。肺血管和肠道血管变化的评估由一名有5年经验的放射科医生进行。为确定 COVID-19与肺部和肠道血管变化之间关系的显著性,进行了统计分析。

结果。研究中,11 名患者出现肺栓塞,7 名患者的肠道血管出现明显变化,包括肠壁增厚、肠系膜缺血和网膜梗死,这表明 COVID-19患者胃肠道血管潜在的损伤。研究发现,COVID-19的存在与肺栓塞的发生呈正相关性,肺栓塞平均在发病11天后确诊。根据肺血管计算机断层扫描,在24名COVID-19严重急性呼吸道病程的患者中,有7人发现了肺栓塞。此外,在10名接受人工通气的患者中,有7人出现了这种并发症。在7名肠道血管发生变化的患者中,有4人也发现了肺栓塞,这表明这些变化之间存在着显著的关系。观察到的肠道血管变化是由于血管内血栓形成所致。

结论。根据结果可以得知,严重的COVID-19患者往往同时伴有肺栓塞,而且肠道血管也会发生变化。此外,多变量分析显示,有创人工通气与肺栓塞的发生存在关联。因此,这些患者的治疗决策应基于增强计算机断层扫描,因为不使用造影剂的标准计算机断层扫描无法提供必要的信息。

作者简介

Hariharan Sathishkumar

Government Chengalpattu Medical College and Hospital

Email: harisathish00788@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-3198-9899

MD

印度, Chengalpattu

Afwaan Faizal

Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences

Email: affanfaizal4498@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-9664-6698

MD

印度, Chennai

Abdul Majith

Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: radsaveetha@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-2351-2644

MD

印度, Chennai

Vishnu Raj

Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences

Email: vishnurajsedhu@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-2436-4586

MD

印度, Chennai

Agathiyanathan Venkataramani

Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute

Email: aakashv3@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-7403-8164
印度, Puducherry

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2. Fig. 1. CT scan results performed in a 27-year-old male patient with COVID-19 who presented with bilateral pleural effusions: a, thrombus in the pulmonary artery immediately adjacent to the segmental branches; b, thrombus in the lateral segmental artery of the left lower lobe; c, thrombus in the pulmonary artery of the left lower lobe before bifurcation; d, thrombus in the pulmonary artery of the right upper lobe immediately proximal to the segmental branches.

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3. Fig. 2. Results of computed tomography performed in a 33-year-old male patient with COVID-19: a — thrombus in the posterior segment of the lower lobe of the left lung; b — dense soft tissue lesion in the left lung, growing into the area of ​​the adjacent rib, and a focus of destruction in the thoracic vertebra.

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4. Fig. 3. Results of abdominal CT scan with contrast performed in a 34-year-old male patient with COVID-19: a — thickening of the omental adipose tissue in the right lower abdomen, indicating the presence of omental infarction; b — thickening of the ileal wall in the distal region with hypocontrast compared to the adjacent intestine.

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