The genre of curse in Chechen folklore (genre and poetic features)

the article is devoted to the study of the curse genre ("sardam") in Chechen folklore, which has remained poorly studied in the scientific literature to date. Based on field materials, folklore records and analysis of oral folklore, the author examines the genre and poetic features of "sardam", identifies its functions and transformations in different historical periods. The curse is presented as one of the most ancient aphoristic microgenres, which reflects magical ideas, emotional expression and cultural values of the Chechen people. Particular attention is paid to the connection of curses with traditional beliefs and their rethinking after the adoption of Islam. The author classifies curses into thematic groups, shows their structural and poetic diversity, and also notes their symbolic content and connection with key ethnocultural concepts ("earth", "darkness", "happiness", "disease", etc.). The article argues that despite the weakening of belief in the effectiveness of curses, the genre retains its significance as a cultural phenomenon and an expression of the national mentality, emotional life and artistic skill of Chechens.

Chechen folklore, sardam, curse, aphoristic microgenre, oral folklore, magic word, poetics of curse, semantics of curses