Estimated characteristics of the current state of digital assets in the Russian and international markets

the development of digital technologies, in particular blockchain, has led to the emergence of a new asset class – digital assets. These assets are transforming the global financial system, creating new opportunities and challenges, especially in the context of legal regulation and transaction security. The purpose of the study. To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current state of digital assets in the Russian and international markets, identify key development trends and determine the prospects for their use. Materials and methods: an analytical review using content analysis, comparative and system analysis was used. Scientific publications, regulatory legal acts of Russia and foreign countries, reports of financial regulators, international organizations, and statistical data from research agencies were used as sources of information. Results and discussions: the institutional development of the digital asset market, the growing interest of large financial institutions, the expansion of DeFi and Web3, and the active testing and implementation of CBDCs in various countries were noted. The international market is characterized by high volatility, lack of uniform standards and legal fragmentation. Russia maintains a conservative approach to regulating cryptocurrencies, while developing a regulatory framework for digital financial assets and the digital ruble. Geopolitical challenges are driving the use of digital assets in cross-border settlements, but legal uncertainty and technical risks remain significant obstacles. A comparative analysis of the regulatory approaches of key jurisdictions has been carried out, and similarities and differences with Russian practice have been identified. Conclusions: digital assets are an important factor in the transformation of the financial sector, requiring balanced and integrated regulation. Russia needs further adaptation of legislation, taking into account international experience and national peculiarities, development of security infrastructure, improvement of financial literacy and intensification of international cooperation. This will ensure the sustainable and secure development of digital financial ecosystems at both the national and global levels.

digital assets, cryptocurrencies, NFT, stablecoins, CBDC, blockchain, regulation, Russian market, international market, financial technologies