Stress in the Dargwa language, its functions, and lexicographic practice

The subject of the study is the accent system of the Dargin language. The aim of the research is to study the accent system of the Dargin language. To achieve this goal, the following tasks have been outlined: firstly, to determine the range of scientific works that address the stress of the Dargin language to some extent; secondly, to describe each of these works (highlighting the main points of view); thirdly, to identify and show the position of stress in disyllabic and polysyllabic words of the Dargin language. The lack of research on the accent system of the literary language significantly complicates the work of a lexicographer. The issue of stress in the literary language is of great importance for clarifying some grammatical questions, such as establishing the boundaries of words, defining the process of merging two words or roots into a single whole, which, in turn, can assist in solving orthographic issues—the question of whether to write a particular word together or separately. In writing this article, traditional research methods were mainly used: the continuous sampling method to identify illustrative material for the research; the descriptive method to characterize the stressed syllables of the Dargin language; and the comparative method to reveal the common and distinctive features in the study of stress in the Dargin language. The article analyzes various works (scientific grammars of the Dargin language and its dialects, monographs, and scientific articles) that contain information about the accent system of the Dargin language. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the work, based on a significant amount of factual material, not only describes the stress of the Dargin language but also identifies its main functions. As a result of the research, it was established that the Dargin language is predominantly characterized by fixed weak stress on the last syllable, although there are many cases where the stress falls on the first syllable. In the Dargin literary language, the stress is weak and it is fixed on a certain syllable, both in and out of context. In compounds, as well as in some words with prefixes, two stresses are possible, alongside the main word stress.

Darginian language, accentology, accent, stress, word, lexeme, syllable, two-syllable syllable, dictionary, article