Implementation of state policy in collective farms and political departments of the Angara village in the first half of 1930.

The specifics of the implementation of state policy in the Angara village in 1930-1935 are considered. The socio-political influence of collective farms and political departments of MTS on the peasantry is analyzed. The territorial scope of the study is limited to the Angara region (the modern borders of the Irkutsk region). The choice of chronological framework can be explained by the forced collectivization that took place during this period. It was in the first half of the 1930s that a cardinal transformation of the agrarian sphere of the Angara region took place. By 1935, most of the peasant households were collectivized. Collective farms have become the main conductor of socio-political changes, as well as the main organization of control over the economic side of village life. Special attention is paid to the role of MTS political departments in the agricultural sector in 1933-1934. Archival sources illustrating the negative public opinion regarding collectivization as a system of transformation in the Angara village are involved. The historical-comparative method made it possible to correlate socio-political changes at different time intervals, as well as to compare the expectations of the authorities and the social realities of the village. The historical and systematic method allowed to recreate a holistic picture of the reflection of political changes in the collective farms and political departments of MTS Priangarya. The novelty of the research lies in the involvement of unpublished archival materials that reveal the specifics of the implementation of state policy towards the peasantry. The study showed that the expectations of the authorities to complete collectivization by the beginning of 1932 in such grain areas as Siberia were not justified. The number of collective farms in Eastern Siberia grew in the early 1930s, but in 1934 the reverse process occurred – the number of collective farms became less than in 1931. In the Angara region, we can talk about the completion of collectivization no earlier than in 1935 (94% of the yards were collectivized). The collective farms implemented mainly economic policy: the management of collective farms strictly controlled discipline, the implementation of the plan of sowing, harvesting campaigns, and grain distribution. MTS political departments were responsible for controlling the ideological, political and economic aspects of collective farms' life. The opinions of the peasants presented in the article express dissatisfaction with the collective farm system, grain procurement campaigns, and working conditions on collective farms.

collectivization, collective farms, political departments, state policy, peasants, village, agricultural industry, East Siberian Region, Angara region, machine and tractor stations