Ways to improve diesel engine fuel systems

The article discusses issues related to the purpose of supplying fuel to diesel engines, presents the requirements for this system. An analysis of ways to improve the fuel systems of diesel engines is done. The principle of operation of the high-pressure fuel pump is described, which provides accurate dosing of fuel in accordance with the engine operation mode and delivers it at a set time to the injector with a given intensity. Special devices for turbulence of the fuel in the combustion chamber, film mixing, pressurization and others make a great variety of requirements for the distribution of fuel in time and environment. Meeting these requirements is a complex and time-consuming task, one of such devices is the nozzle. The nozzle directly atomizes the fuel in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine under the influence of a pressure pulse generated by a high-pressure fuel pump. It is possible to fulfill the changing requirements for the injection characteristics if the design of the fuel system is changed accordingly. First of all, it is necessary to lose the essential shortcomings inherent in modern fuel systems, namely: some inconsistencies of the principle of operation of individual elements of the fuel system with the flow conditions of the diesel engine process; poor distribution of fuel over time; initial conditions instability. The article presents a developed device for shutting off the fuel supply to the nozzle, providing the possibility of diverting fuel that has not entered the engine cylinder as a result of leakage between the parts of the nozzle and disabling fuel supply to the nozzle when the engine cylinder is turned off to improve the quality characteristics of the diesel engine fuel system.

internal combustion engine, power system, high pressure fuel pump, injector, improvement, engine cylinder, spool valve