Representative government — the 21st century: legislation, comments, problems

The article analyzes the extremely ineffective, according to the author, housing construction strategy in the Russian Federation, which has been implemented over the past few years. The author notes the lack of attention to the introduction of advanced technologies and innovations, as well as the decline in the quality of housing construction. The author draws attention to the false perception created in society about the "record-breaking" pace of solving the housing problem in our country. The author presents a critical and professional perspective on the existing issues, highlighting the "bottlenecks" and potential solutions. One of the significant problems is the lack of systematization in legislative activity in  this area. According to  the author, it  is  carried out impulsively, often without necessity or  logical argumentation,
almost always without taking into account the opinions of professionals, and always without coordination with public professional organizations in  the construction sector. The author formulates proposals for improving investment and construction activities.

The relevance of  the study is  determined by  the growing role of  the BRICS association in  the processes of transformation of the modern international architecture. The desire of the BRICS participating countries to form a multipolar
financial system requires a detailed analysis of legal mechanisms and prospects for their implementation. The article examines tariff regulation as a tool for global governance and studies the experience of the BRICS countries in this regard against the backdrop of  US  tariff pressure. It  has been established that the BRICS countries are capable of  surviving and developing by trading among themselves without supplies to the USA. The legal framework for the functioning of BRICS and the directions for reforming the system of international law and economic institutions are considered. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of elements of the transformation of the international financial system. It has been revealed that the BRICS countries are actively developing alternative mechanisms of financial interaction, including the expansion of the use of national currencies in mutual settlements and the creation of a single settlement and depository platform. At the same time, legal support for the digitalization of financial transactions is of particular importance. The authors conclude that the reformatting of the international financial order is caused not by speculative constructs, but by objective reality.

This part of the article analyzes the current state of affairs — the time of information and mental wars — and the quality of a person that is inherent to them and predetermines all their intellectual, mental, and related scientific (theoretical) and practical activities: the mastery of the «Word». This part of the article reveals the reasons for transmitting information to a person about his special mental nature and the strategic direction of his development, as well as the norms and rules of  his behavior using the "Word" (oral and written speech). It  is  the "Word" that is  not only the main way for a  person to  store and transmit information, but also to  form and formulate thoughts. The gift of  possession of the "Word", according to the primary sources of monotheism, was endowed by the Creator of all living beings of the
earth purely human. And therefore, it is by no means accidental that all the "Revelations" were given to the messenger prophets in the form of Holy Scriptures precisely with the help of the "Word". In conclusion, the author formulates some
generalizing conclusions that are of  fundamental importance for the activities of  not only each individual, ethnos, and nation, but also for all people who consciously or  unconsciously live according to  the "Essence" and the specific "development program" inherent in the Universal Mind.

The author examines the peculiarities of  the relationship between owners, management, and other stakeholders in  corporate law. The article analyzes the agency problem in  the context of  “owner-owner” and “ownermanager” relationships in order to resolve conflicts of interest between stakeholders.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the agency models of “owner-owner” and “owner-director” in the context of the integrity of the behavior of stakeholders. The author suggests the “estoppel” rule and a mechanism for interpreting the terms of the contract, which will prevent the party (the owner or director) from benefiting from their unfair behavior in  the context of  the agency model and ensure a  balance of  the multidirectional interests of  the parties concerned. In addition, in order to resolve the problem of “incomplete contracts” (the impossibility of describing complete events
that may occur in the future), it is proposed to take into account the actual common will of the parties (the owner and the director) and to evaluate their actions in terms of their compliance with the interests of the business entity and its founders.

The “estoppel” rule and the mechanism for interpreting the terms of a contract allow, according to the author, to establish the presence of dishonesty in the actions of the manager and the founder (shareholder) of the business entity, as well as to resolve the problem of “incomplete contracts”. The author concludes that a long-term motivation system not only improves the company’s financial performance but also balances the interests of stakeholders in the long term.

This article focuses on  analyzing the current key characteristics and features of  the European Union’s growth assessment from an inclusive perspective, as well as the contradictions that inevitably accompany the methodologies used by international organizations and the resulting figures.

The main part of the study relies on the approach employed by the World Economic Forum (WEF, also known as the Davos Forum), as this organization is the pioneer of the index and, unlike other international organizations, evaluates the index annually, albeit with the justification of improving the criteria and adapting them to the changing global conditions.