Email this article Open bioethical problems of modern transplantology (in the social as-sessments of future specialists)
- Authors: Svetlichnaya T.G.1, Smirnova E.A.2
-
Affiliations:
- Northern State Medical University
- Cherepovets State University
- Issue: Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
- Pages: 56-66
- Section: Applied Bioethics
- URL: https://ogarev-online.ru/2070-1586/article/view/256743
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.19163/2070-1586-2024-17-1-56-66
- ID: 256743
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Background: At all times, moral principles and ethical standards have been the main instrument for regulating both the behavior of an individual and social consciousness as a whole. However, in modern society, the spread of cruelty and crime is becoming the norm. In such a situation, the moral qualities of the doctor become important, who must make decisions in conditions bordering between life and death.
Aim: to study social assessments of open bioethical problems of modern transplantology by future specialists.
Materials and methods: The cities of Arkhangelsk and Cherepovets served as the basis for the study. The collection of material was carried out in February-March 2023. The sample is complete (n = 436). The main group consisted of students of the Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk) (n = 103). The comparison group consisted of: 1) students of Cherepovets State University (n = 211): humanitarian (n = 102), technical (n = 109) areas and 2) secondary vocational education (n = 122): medical (n = 86) and pedagogical (n = 36) college.
Results: Half (43.6 %) of students, regardless of the direction of preparation for organ transplantation, have a positive attitude, perceiving this technology as “a step forward in medicine” (59.6; 95 % CI 55.0–64.1). Every third (37.8 %) is neutral, believing that organ transplantation is permissible only as a last resort (26.8 %; 95 % CI 22.9–31.2). Only 3.7 % have a negative attitude, considering organ transplantation to be unnatural to human nature (1.8 %; 95 % CI), leading to human trafficking (3.2 %; 95 % CI 1.9–5.3). Students of a medical college (90,8 %) are ten times more likely than students of a pedagogical college (9.2 %) to evaluate transplantation more loyally. They are less likely to choose neutral (40.5 % vs. 59.5 %, respectively) and negative (40 % vs. 60 %, respectively) assessments. At the same time, medical college students are twice as likely (66.7 % versus 33.3 %, respectively) to have no opinion on this issue at all.
Conclusion: Possible factors in the formation of bioethical ideas are shown based on an analysis of the personal characteristics of future specialists: demographic, social, psychological, spiritual.
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Tatiana G. Svetlichnaya
Northern State Medical University
Email: statiana64@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6563-9604
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Health, Public Health and Social Work
Russian Federation, ArkhangelskElena A. Smirnova
Cherepovets State University
Author for correspondence.
Email: smirnova56@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9383-0649
Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Sociology and Social Technologies
Russian Federation, CherepovetsReferences
- Volkov V.N. Postmodern ethics and aesthetics: rejection of the value-normative. Kontekst i refleksiya: filosofiya o mire i cheloveke = Context and reflection: philosophy about the world and man. 2014;3:9–34. (in Rus.).
- Signalevskaya O.R. The human world: meanings and values of the postmodern era. Vestnik Chelyabinskogo gosudar-stvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Chelyabinsk State University. 2012;4(258):11–16. (in Rus.).
- Suprun N.V. A look at the problem of values in the era of postmodernism. Epokha nauki = Epoch of Science. 2020;22:296–299. (in Rus.) doi: 10.24411/2409-3203-2020-12266.
- Reznik O.N. Theology and new medical technologies. Vest-nik Russkoi khristianskoi gumanitarnoi akademii = Bulletin of the Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy. 2018; 1(19):91–107. (in Rus.)
- Elżanowski A. Potrzeba efektywnego kursu etyki w kszt-ałceniu lekarzy weterynarii. Życie Weterynaryjne. 2017; 92(6):412–414. (In Polish).
- Sedova N.N. How to overcome the crisis of medical hu-manities? Bioetika = Bioethics. 2019;23(1):3–6. (in Rus.).
- Shkarin V.V., Donika A.D., Reimer M.V. National peculi-arities of teaching bioethics at a medical university. Bioetika = Bioethics. 2019;24(2):25–29. (in Rus.).
- Pronin M.A., Sedova N.N., Petrov A.V. Meeting of heads of departments of social and humanitarian disciplines of medical universities of Russia. Bioetika = Bioethics. 2021; 27(1):63–65. (in Rus.).
- Moiseev V.I., Moiseeva O.N. The fate of medical and hu-manitarian education in Russia. Bioetika = Bioethics. 2022;15(1):24–32. (in Rus.).
- Bogachev A.M., Prilutsky A.M., Blinkova A.O., Marikhin S.V. "Religiosity" as a factor of positive/negative attitude to transplantation. Psixologiya i psixotexnika = Psychology and psychotechnics. 2020;2:70–83. (in Rus.) doi: 10.7256/2454-0722.2020.2.32926.
- The foundations of the social concept of the Russian Ortho-dox Church. Moscow, 2008. 41 p. (in Rus.).
- Momotov V.V. Bioethics in the context of legislation and law enforcement (organ and tissue transplantation). Ros-sijskoe pravosudie = Russian justice. 2019;12:5–13. (in Rus.) doi: 10.17803/1729-5920.2019.155.10.009-015.
- Umirzakova N.A., Khudaibergenova P.T., Kurbanova E. Bioethical problems of transplantology. Gumanitarny`j traktat = Humanitarian treatise. 2020;97:13–14. (in Rus.).
- Prudnikov N.A., Normanskaya Yu.V. Religious and ethical aspect of transplantation. Sbornik nauchnykh statei po mate-rialam VII Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konfer-entsii «Fundamental'nye i prikladnye nauchnye issledovani-ya: aktual'nye voprosy sovremennoi nauki, dostizheniya i innovatsii = Collection of scientific articles based on the materials of the VII International Scientific and Practical Conference "Fundamental and Applied scientific research: topical issues of modern science, achievements and innova-tions. Ufa, Publishing House Scientific Publishing Center "Bulletin of Science" LLC, 2022:65–67. (in Rus.).
- Saperov V.N. Transplantology: ethical and legal aspects. Bioetika = Bioethics. 2013;11(1):25–29. (in Rus.).
- Salmina A.B., Schneider N.A. Ethical issues of new medi-cal technologies. Sibirskoe medicinskoe obozrenie = Siberi-an Medical Review. 2006;3(40):106–115. (in Rus.).
- Gauthier S.V., Konstantinov B.A., Tsirulnikova O.M. Liver transplantation. Moscow, Medical Information Agency, 2008. 246 p. (in Rus.).
Supplementary files
