Vol 25, No 2 (2022)

In this paper, the authors consider the application of the geographical information system QGIS, which is in the public domain, to track the prey base of the Amur tiger in the Bastak reserve.

The most visited sites of the reserve in 2019–2021 by the male named Bastak, the tigress Zolushka and her daughter Tala are marked.

The author considers the issues related to the distribution of invasive plant species in the Amur River basin. It is presented a brief analysis of species with the invasive status «transformer».

The author shows that most species of birds crossing the Bureinsky Highlands in transit in years with a warmer spring, begin to migrate at an earlier date. They fly around the Bureinsky highlands with adjacent plains and foothills. This refers most to birds flying in flocks. They can also change routes of annual migration.

The genetic variability and age structure analysis of the sable population in the Jewish Autonomous region (JAR) was carried out on the basis of six hunting seasons 2011–2022. The authors studied the distribution of genotypes, allelic composition and its change over time for microsatellites Ma3 and Mer_041. In most of the seasonal collections, there was a lack of heterozygotes. However, the genotypic balance for both loci was disturbed only in one seasonof six.

The age structure analysis was carried out on the materials (hunting collections of sables) of five hunting seasons in the JAR. Itshowed that the most represented are the age groups actively involved in reproduction, while the number of underyearlings is somewhat lower. We can assume a more or less stable state of the sable population in JAR , which is confirmed by the data of genetic analysis.

The article gives the results of analysis of a part of the Vyazemsky nature park according to the main taxation indicators. It is found that this territory has been significantly degraded due to forestry operations and improper control, evidenced by huge losses in the stock and quality of the stand.

The author presents the data on the fauna of aquatic invertebrates of the Bastak State Nature Reserve (BSNR) and adjacent territories located in the Middle Amur River basin, as well as the results of comparing the species composition and faunal structure of four studied areas: (1) the mountainous region  of  cluster Central in the BSNR and (2) the plain section of the Glinyanka River (the cluster Central); (3) the BSNR cluster Zabelovsky , and the adjacent section of the Amur River near the village of Nizhnespasskoye ; (4) lowland lakes in the vicinity of Birobidzhan. The faunas high specificity of these geomorphologically and hydrologically different areas and significant structural differences of taxonomic composition.

To date, the results of studying the species diversity of fungi – basidial macromycetes for five protected areas of the Khabarovsk Territory have been published. 711 species have been recorded in the Bolshekhekhtsirsky Reserve, 245 – in Botchinsky, 133 – in Bureinsky, 367 – in Komsomolsky, and 390 – in Anyui National Park. Rare (protected) species were noted in each of the studied protected areas. An assessment of the degree of knowledge of mycobiots using various approaches showed that if mycological research is continued in any large protected area of the Khabarovsk Territory, there is a significant potential for replenishing the species list and interesting finds, including at the regional and macro regional levels. 

The article presents the patterns of plant communities distribution in the cluster «Central» of the nature reserve Bastak. Forest is the dominating type of vegetation in that specially protected natural area. There distinguished two high-altitude vegetation zones: broad-leaved-coniferous and dark-coniferous forests. The author shows the main factors determining the plant communities distribution in the protected area.

The problems of invasive plants reproduction in cities are considered on the example of  Setaria viridis.

In the article, the author provides the data on a new locality in the  Khabarovsk Territory of the rare species of lichen Menegazzia terebrata , included in the Red Data Books of the Khabarovsk Territory and the Russian Federation.

It is made an assessment of its condition at the control point on the border of the Malmyzhskoye deposit development sanitary protection zone. The author shows the risks of  this rare species extinction and offers measures for its conservation.

In the paper, the authors consider the results of atmospheric fallout study  in the Bastak nature reserve over a 10-year period. They show that the atmospheric air in the protected area is not polluted by  natural or by anthropogenicimpurities. Even single bursts of elevated concentrations of elements  did not exceed either their background levels  or  permissible values. 

The paper provides modern information about the Bastak nature reserve flora of vascular plants, represented by 805 species from 403 genera and 128 families. There presented characteristics of the flora species and genus spectra. It is noted that 45 species of vascular plants, growing in the nature reserve,  are included in the Red Books of the Jewish Autonomous region and Russian Federation.

The calendar provides information on the dependence of climatic changes on the date of phenological phases for the period of 2001–2021. It is found out that the majority of phenological phenomena occur in the middle long-term periods; the greatest shift in the onset timing was recorded for spring phenological phenomena. In the plant world, it is herbaceous plants that react faster to changes in temperature conditions, while in the animal world – ticks, butterflies and Far Eastern frogs.

The paper presents the study results of the Anyui River basin post-pyrogenic successions of forest ecosystems. It is established that in place of coniferous-broad-leaved forests, destroyed by fires of different years, undergrowth and stands of broad-leaved and coniferous species are being restored under the canopy of small-leaved forests.

An assessment of polymorphism and the level of differentiation in insular and mainland populations of the field mouse was carried out. Specimens of four islands in the Peter the Great Bay of the Sea of Japan and four regions on the mainland of the  of the Russian Far East South were tested. Nuclear markers of 5 microsatellite loci were studied. The results demonstrate higher allelic diversity in the mainland part of the range, with a significantly higher level of differentiation in the insular part of the range.

In the paper it is considered the biological diversity of the plant world in the basin of the Okhota River upper reaches. This biodiversity is very important for preserving the water content in  lakes Neck, Khel-Degi and Ueginsky. Its functioning provides preservation of  the rare salmon – neiva – habitats, asits population size depends on the stability of natural and climatic conditions and the preservation of forest vegetation in the area.

The  projected reserve in the Maya River basin represents typical intact ecosystems of the Western Okhotsk region, consisted of larch, cedar and alder-dwarf communities. Spruce forests are marked by fragments and are interspersed in vegetation along stream valleys and leeward slopes. The basin of the Maya Polovinnaya River is located in the contact area of the Okhotsk-Kamchatka, East Siberian, Ural-Siberian and, to a lesser extent, Manchurian flora. Mountains of the Maisky, Ushkanskyand Atagsky ranges include plant communities of high latitudes (Arctic) and plants circumpolarly distributed in Europe, Asia and North America. The main core of the flora is formed by Okhotsk-Kamchatka plants of Beringian origin and East Siberian plants that arose on the ancient uplift of the Angarid continent. On the one hand, this determines the species diversity, and, on the other hand, it makes many plant communities unstable. Over 45% of taxa are at the limit of their distribution.