Prospects of using some species of chrysanthemums as a source for obtaining biologically active substances

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Abstract

All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants; 7 Grina str., Moscow, 117216, Russian Federadion

Chrysanthemums are widely known all over the world as ornamental plants. However, in Asian countries since ancient times they are considered as dual-purpose crops and along with floristic use have a long history of use as food and medicinal plants. Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. and Chrysanthemum indicum L. are the most studied species of the genus Chrysanthemum L., included in the pharmacopoeias of China, Japan and the USA. At the same time, garland (Glebionis coronaria L. (Cass. ex Spach.)) is cultivated in Russia as a food plant, which is also a potential source of plant raw materials for obtaining therapeutic and prophylactic agents.

In this connection, the purpose of the present work was to analyze the literature data on the chemical composition and pharmacological properties of G. coronaria in comparison with C. indicum and C. morifolium to assess the prospects of its use in domestic medical practice.

According to literature data, all three species of chrysanthemums have similar chemical composition and contain flavonoids (aglycones of luteolin, apigenin, acacetin, quercetin, kaempferol, isoramnetin, hesperitin, diosmetin, their mono- and diglycosides, as well as malonyl and acetyl derivatives of glycosides); phenolic acids (isomers of caffeoyl- and dicaffeoylquinic acids and their methylated derivatives); sesquiterpenoids. Carotenoids were found in flowers; in the above-ground part - fatty acids and their derivatives, sterols and polyacetylenes; in stems, roots and leaves - anthraquinones. Among the mineral elements, the predominant content of potassium is noted. The results of published pharmacological studies indicate that these chrysanthemum species exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, nephro-, hepato-, cardio- and neuroprotective effects. Thus, G. coronaria has a similar set of metabolites to C. indicum and C. morifolium, but is characterized by a smaller diversity of identified substances, which opens the prospect of its further phytochemical study. Taking into account the closeness of chemical composition, G. coronaria may exhibit the same types of biological activity, which are identified for other species of chrysanthemums.

Analysis of literature data has shown that along with more studied species, G. coronaria can also serve as a source of biologically active substances. The availability of registered varieties and agrotechnologies has the potential to create a stable raw material base for obtaining domestic medicines and prophylactic products.

About the authors

L. I. Magomedova

All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Email: olster@mail.ru

Junior Research Scientist, Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds

Russian Federation, 7 Grina str., Moscow, 117216

O. L. Saybel

All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Author for correspondence.
Email: olster@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8059-5064

Dr.Sc. (Pharm.), Head of the Center for Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology

Russian Federation, 7 Grina str., Moscow, 117216

A. N. Tsitsilin

All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Email: olster@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6783-266X

Ph.D. (Biol.), Head of Laboratory, Botanical Garden

Russian Federation, 7 Grina str., Moscow, 117216

T. D. Dargaeva

All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Email: olster@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0722-9479

Dr.Sc. (Pharm.), Professor, Department of Standardization and Certification

Russian Federation, 7 Grina str., Moscow, 117216

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