Repeated disability of the adult population due to diabetes mellitus in the Republic of Dagestan

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a socially significant pathology, which is characterized by an epidemic spreading. The epidemiological profile of disability due to diabetes mellitus in the territories of the Russian Federation is the basis for multidisciplinary effective medical and social rehabilitation and prevention, taking into account regional differences in the prevalence of this socially significant pathology. An in-depth analysis of disability due to diabetes mellitus in the Republic of Dagestan has not been conducted.

AIM: To analyze the dynamics and structure of the repeated disability of the adult population due to diabetes mellitus in the Republic of Dagestan.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Object of the study: a combination of people repeatedly recognized as disabled (RRD) due to diabetes mellitus in the Republic of Dagestan. The analysis was carried out on three main age groups of the adult population. Study design: epidemiological, retrospective, evaluative. Study period: 2014–2023. The data were extracted from statistical documents on the number of people repeatedly recognized as disabled due to diabetes mellitus, the structure of repeated disability by age was determined, the prevalence (level) of repeated disability due to this pathology was determined among the adult population, the number of people repeatedly recognized as disabled (PRD) was ranked by severity (by disability groups), and the indicators of repeated disability in the Republic of Dagestan were compared with similar indicators in the North Caucasus Federal District and the Russian Federation (RF). Sources of information: Form 7-A (social security) of Rosstat “Information on the medical and social examination of persons aged 18 years and older”.

RESULTS: The total number of RRD in 2014–2023 amounted to 15 584 people. Among all subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of prevalence of repeated disability due to DM among the adult population, the RD ranks 2nd (a total of 18 ranking places allocated) with an intensive indicator of 5.8 per 10 thousand adult population (in the RF — 2.4; in the North Caucasus Federal District — 3.9). It was revealed that the structure of repeated disability due to DM by age in the Republic of Dagestan was characterized by the prevalence of working-age disabled people (in general, older disabled people prevalence in the RF). RRD with the third disability group predominated (72.8%).

CONCLUSION: Based on the studied indicators of repeated disability of the adult population due to diabetes mellitus, it is possible to judge the array of patients in the Republic of Dagestan, re-examined due to persistent dysfunctions and associated limitations of life activities caused by complications of this leading endocrine pathology. The presented database demonstrates the acuteness of the problem of prevalence of disabling complications of diabetes mellitus in the republic and has scientific and practical significance for conducting multidisciplinary medical and social rehabilitation of disabled people and preventing disability of the population.