Modern pharmacotherapy of polycystic ovary syndrome

The article analyzes modern pharmacotherapeutic approaches to the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is one of the most common endocrine disorders among reproductive-aged women. The main statistical indicators of PCOS prevalence are given and the clinical manifestations of this disease are described. The application of combined oral contraceptives, antiandrogenic medications, and insulin sensitizers as first-line pharmacotherapeutic correction methods has been examined. The results of clinical studies confirming the effectiveness of these drugs are summarized and the need for further research to optimize therapy regimens is emphasized. The paper investigates the use of antiandrogens such as spironolactone and cyproterone acetate for correcting androgen-dependent manifestations of PCOS. Additionally, new approaches to PCOS therapy using glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, which have shown effectiveness in lowering glucose levels, are analyzed. The article emphasizes the significance of additional clinical studies to assess the long-term effects of combined therapy and improve treatment results for patients with PCOS. One of the main goals is to improve insulin sensitivity by using drugs like metformin, which helps to normalize metabolic parameters. Special attention is paid to the role of antiandrogens in correcting the symptoms of hyperandrogenism, namely hirsutism and acne; side effects and individual characteristics of patients are considered as well.

Conclusion: It is necessary to use a differentiated approach to treatment which can depend on the PCOS phenotype and the presence of concomitant metabolic disorders.