The effect of mineral and organic fertilizers on the agronomic characteristics of Chinese cabbage

Chinese cabbage is an economically significant crop that is gaining popularity in our country. The reduction in imports of Chinese cabbage to Russia indicates an increase in domestic production and the provision of domestic products to the market. The cultivation of Chinese cabbage is a promising area of agricultural business due to the high market value of products, stable consumer demand, high yields (up to 60 t/ha), as well as the ability to harvest twice a year in the open ground. Nevertheless, a significant part of the Chinese cabbage consumed in Russia still comes from abroad. The agronomic characteristics of Chinese cabbage depend significantly on the environment. In the Russian Federation, the yield of Chinese cabbage heads is 40-61 t/ha. High yields are impossible without balanced plant nutrition. Nitrogen removal of 1 ton of green mass is 1.6-3.0 kg, phosphorus – 1.0-1.4 kg, potassium – 3.1-5.1 kg. The optimal rate of organic fertilizers for Peking cabbage is 10-30 t/ha. The heads contain 4.6-5.9% of dry matter, 17-26 mg% of vitamin C, 0.4-0.9% of reducing sugars, 400-1100 mg / kg of crude weight of nitrates. During the period of head formation, up to 3 top dressing per week with a 1.5% solution of calcium nitrate is recommended against marginal leaf burn. Compared with mineral fertilizers, the use of organic fertilizers can significantly improve yields and commercial yields by 10.1% and 35.6%, respectively, and increase the nutrient content in the soil. The application of organic fertilizers can significantly increase the content of vitamin C (by 11.1%), soluble sugar (by 19.2%) and soluble protein (by 8.8%) and reduce the content of nitrates and nitrites with a decrease to 19.0% and 20.9%, respectively.

капуста пекинская, Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis, агрономические характеристики, урожайность, минеральные удобрения, органические удобрения, макро- и микроэлементы, пищевое качество