Monitoring the varietal identity and quality of potato mini-tubers using soil control

The article presents the results of comparative field trials of cultivar samples selected from lots of potato mini-tubers in order to confirm their compliance with regulatory requirements regarding varietal identity, varietal purity and symptoms of diseases controlled in potato seed production. The experimental plot is located at the Korenevo experimental base of Lorkh Potato Research Center (Moscow Region). The soil is sod-podzolic sandy loam. The predecessor is a busy steam with the sowing of sidereal crops. Mineral fertilizers were applied when cutting the ridges in doses of N90P90K120. The cultivars selected from seed potato lots for comparative verification tests were planted individually on two parallel rows with a 75x30 cm planting pattern. In the 2022-2024 seasons, 154 varieties of mini-tubers were evaluated, obtained from 15 producers of original seed potatoes for comparative field trials. During the growing season, cultivar samples of mini-tubers on plots were visually examined to identify plants with atypical varietal signs and external symptoms of diseases transmitted through seed material. Three assessments of varietal characteristics were carried out in different phases of plant growth and development to identify typical deviations in the general appearance of the bush, the shape of the tubers, the color of their peel and pulp. For a detailed study of the detected plants with deviant characteristics, the UPOV scale was used, which includes an assessment of the degree of severity of the characteristics during varietal identification of potato. Based on the results of the assessments carried out on the totality of varietal characteristics of the plant, stem, leaf, inflorescence, the presence of plants with deviations in the typicality of varietal characteristics in 1 sample was revealed, varietal admixtures were detected in 2 samples. Exceeding the established tolerances of the standard for viral diseases (PVY) was detected in 12 samples of mini-tubers. Plants with external signs of bacteriosis damage controlled by the tolerances of the standard (black stem) were not detected. The indicators of plant productivity and crop structure varied depending on the conditions of the season, the ripening time of the varieties and mainly corresponded to their varietal characteristics.

сортообразцы, мини-клубни, грунтовой контроль, сортовые признаки, симптомы болезней