Experimental and clinical substantiation of adaptation of patents with multiple adentia to orthopedic dental structures through correction of volume and velocity of airflows in mouth cavity

INTRODUCTION: Modern dental equipment and diversity of materials and technologies ensure manufacture of highly precise and aesthetic orthopedic structures. However, these structures do not take into account the position of natural teeth and the anatomical peculiarities of the hard palate, which impairs pronunciation, fixation and stabilization of dentures in the mouth cavity, and stimulates non-physiological ‘expulsion’ of the fluid-air-food emulsion during eating, speaking and breathing. The aspect of Modernization of removable denture manufacture is critical both in terms of gaining fundamental knowledge and optimizing the quality of dental care in practical healthcare.

AIM: To conduct a comparative evaluation of architecture of the hard palate, the speed of phonetic adaptation, and also the velocity and direction of airflows in patents with partial and complete absence of teeth.

METHODS: The study included 220 people, of them 130 were with intact dentitions (aged 20–25 years) and 90 patients with partial loss of teeth (aged 40–60).

RESULTS: It has been demonstrated that the velocity and direction of the airflows in the mouth, and also the morphometric parameters of the palatal vault should be taken into account in modeling the palatal surface of removable dentures. Analysis, recording, and accounting for these parameters accelerate patient adaptation to the manufactured structures, which effects the quality of orthopedic rehabilitation.

CONCLUSION: Replacement of defects in the dental arches in patients using the developed rehabilitation concept leads to faster speech adaptation to removable dentures, without increasing the time required to manufacture orthopedic structures.