On the differential diagnosis of cardiac and pulmonary insufficiency according to instrumental research

Differential diagnosis of cardiac and pulmonary insufficiency in a routine clinical trial is often difficult or impossible, especially in acute conditions or with a combination of heart and lung diseases. These difficulties are due to the fact that many clinical signs of cardiac and pulmonary insufficiency are identical, for example, shortness of breath, cyanosis, tachycardia, hard breathing, wheezing in the lungs, accent 11 of the top and its cleavage over the pulmonary artery. Even instrumental invasive studies (measurement of pulmonary artery pressure and venous pressure) do not allow differentiating these conditions. In this regard, in the presence of pronounced signs of right ventricular failure, the question arises whether they are symptoms of a pulmonary heart or a primary disease of the left heart.