Pelvic floor rehabilitation in the context of surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse in women

To improve the effectiveness of surgical treatment for pelvic organ prolapse in women, restore pelvic floor functions, and prevent recurrences, a well-organized postoperative rehabilitation is crucial.

This review article analyzes recent relevant studies by foreign and domestic authors (2019–2025). It has been shown that pelvic floor muscle training, particularly with biofeedback, significantly improves long-term treatment outcomes, substantially reducing prolapse and urinary incontinence symptoms. A new and highly promising area is the development of personalized programs that actively utilize telemedicine technologies for remote monitoring of exercise performance. Electrical stimulation of the pelvic floor muscles remains highly effective in patients who, for various reasons, are unable to perform active exercises independently. Modern innovative physiotherapeutic techniques also hold promise. For example, high-intensity focused electromagnetic therapy provides deep, supramaximal muscle contractions without invasive intervention and is often preferable to traditional electrical stimulation. Importantly, a combination of various rehabilitation methods shows significantly better results than monotherapy.

It has been established that an integrated approach combining surgical treatment with individualized rehabilitation programs is the most effective strategy for radically improving patients’ quality of life and ensuring reliable prevention of pelvic organ prolapse recurrence. However, optimal rehabilitation protocols still require further thorough study that should include mandatory standardization of techniques and large-scale long-term follow-up.