The use of artificial intelligence in the legislative process: prospects and risks in the context of human rights protection

the article presents a comprehensive analysis of the prospects and risks associated with the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the legislative process, with a focus on human rights compliance and ethical-legal aspects. It examines current trends in the automation of lawmaking, including the use of AI for legal draft examination, identification of legislative inconsistencies, and forecasting the consequences of adopting new regulatory acts. Particular attention is paid to algorithmic transparency, potential discrimination, accountability for automated decisions, and threats related to the dehumanization of the legislative process. Drawing on domestic experience, including pilot projects by the State Duma of the Russian Federation and the GIS "Normotvorchestvo" system, as well as international practices (such as China's experiments in generating regulatory acts), the author identifies key advantages and challenges of integrating AI into legislative activities. Among the benefits are increased efficiency in lawmaking, enhanced opportunities for civic participation, and improved accessibility of legal information. At the same time, significant risks are highlighted, such as the reinforcement of social inequalities, cybersecurity threats, and difficulties in overseeing algorithm-driven decisions. The conclusion underscores the need for specialized regulatory frameworks, mechanisms for public oversight, and ensuring digital sovereignty. The research findings can inform the development of a balanced approach to AI regulation in the legislative sphere, one that harmonizes technological innovation with robust safeguards for fundamental rights.

artificial intelligence (AI), legislative process, human rights, lawmaking automation, legal expertise, algorithmic transparency, legal ethics, digital sovereignty