Historical and legal aspects of changes in legal capacity in the USSR and the present

the article examines the historical and legal changes in the aspects of legal capacity in the USSR and modern Russia. The purpose of the article is to study and compare the laws of the two eras. This topic is relevant today, because in different periods of history, namely in the USSR and modern times, the state of society was different and required changes in legislation. Legal support mechanisms for more vulnerable groups of the country's population are currently being improved. Legislation has progressed from early, extremely simple regulatory forms to a complex multi-level system of ensuring citizens' rights. At each historical period, new regulatory elements and techniques were introduced into legal practice. Thus, the institution of legal capacity underwent a constant transformation, reflecting the socio-economic conditions and philosophy of the era. The paper analyzes the Civil Codes of the RSFSR and the Russian Federation, identifies key differences in approaches to the scope of legal capacity of minors and persons with mental disorders. Special emphasis is placed on the evolution of the mechanisms of limitation of legal capacity, which in modern law have become more flexible and focused on individual human needs. The conducted research allows us to draw a conclusion about the progressive movement of Russian legislation towards greater protection of human dignity and the autonomy of the will.

legal capacity, legal status, civil law, historical and legal analysis, legislation of the USSR, the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, limitation of legal capacity, protection of citizens' rights