Environmental protection and the inalenable sovereignty of states over natural resources (the case of the East African Community)

this article analyzes the principle of permanent sovereignty of states over natural resources in the context of international environmental law and sustainable development. It is emphasized that a safe environment is a necessary condition for the implementation of fundamental human rights and the achievement of sustainable development goals. The principle of sovereignty is considered not as an absolute right, but as a right associated with specific obligations: compliance with human rights, international cooperation and respect for international law. Particular attention is paid to the relationship of this principle with the problem of climate change. It is proved that international legal environmental mechanisms do not limit permanent sovereignty, but offer tools to prevent the irrational exploitation of natural resources. The thesis of the UN General Assembly that the implementation of the principle of permanent sovereignty over natural resources is critically important for strengthening the economic independence of states is confirmed. Modern challenges associated with the need to harmonize international and national standards in the field of environmental protection are also analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the role of the UN and the codes of the East African Community countries in the formation of effective mechanisms of cooperation to prevent environmental conflicts and achieve a balance between sovereignty and global interests. In conclusion, it is substantiated that the principle in question is a key element in maintaining global stability and international peace.

sovereignty over natural resources, well-being of the people, environment protection, sustainable development, principle of cooperation, precautionary principle, polluter pays principle