Import substitution in the Russian agro-industrial complex: digital transformation as a resource for strategic autonomy

the article examines the role of digital transformation as a key resource for import substitution and ensuring the strategic autonomy of the Russian agro-industrial complex. It is noted that in conditions of sanctions pressure and limited access to foreign technologies, the problem of import dependence in mechanical engineering, seed production and product processing remains highly relevant. The analysis of domestic and foreign studies on the digitalization of agriculture, innovative development and circular economy is carried out. The results show that the introduction of Industry 4.0 technologies (artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, Big Data, robotics, blockchain, digital twins) is becoming a strategic tool to reduce transaction costs, improve product efficiency and quality, and create domestic digital solutions that replace imported counterparts. Special attention is paid to international experience: centralized big data platforms in China, European Farm Sustainability Tools, inclusive innovation systems in South Africa, circular economy projects in Italy and the development of e-commerce in agri-food chains. It is concluded that the digital transformation of the Russian agro-industrial complex should be considered not only as a technological, but also as an institutional process involving the development of a regulatory framework, personnel training and the involvement of small farms. Import substitution in the agro-industrial complex is possible only under the condition of integrated integration of digital technologies, which will ensure the strategic autonomy and sustainability of the domestic food system.

agro-industrial complex, import substitution, digital transformation, Industry 4.0, food security, circular economy