Diplomatic initiatives of the Quartet of international mediators: coordination mechanisms and causes of institutional deadlock in resolving the Palestinian-Israeli conflict

The aim of this article is to comprehensively analyze the diplomatic initiatives of the Middle East Quartet of international mediators, focusing on the coordination mechanisms among its members and identifying the institutional causes hindering an effective resolution of the Palestinian Israeli conflict. Theoretical Significance. This paper systematizes and critically evaluates the diplomatic initiatives of the Quartet as a unique multilateral mediation format. The study identifies institutional limitations arising from diverging foreign policy interests among its members and clarifies the role of international organizations in a fragmented global diplomatic landscape. Practical Significance. The results can be used to develop new mediation models in peace processes. An analysis of the Quartet's institutional impasse is useful for expert groups rethinking the format and for formulating recommendations for strengthening engagement with regional actors, including the Arab Quartet. Methodology. The methodological framework relies on an interdisciplinary approach combining international relations theory, conflict studies, and institutional analysis. An analysis of academic publications exploring the Quartet's diplomatic initiatives and the reasons for its institutional impasse, as well as a comparative analysis of the parties' positions, is used. Conclusions. The Quartet's diplomatic initiatives are limited by internal contradictions and a lack of mechanisms for influence. A relaunch is possible through expanded cooperation with the Arab Quartet and the involvement of new actors. Given the transforming diplomatic landscape, a reconsideration of the format's functions and goals is necessary, as is political will and alignment among participants.