Archaic Vocabulary in Karachay-Balkar Paroemias

The relevance of the topic is due to the need to study the functional and semantic characteristics of proverbs and sayings characterized by an anthropocentric orientation, which correlates with the modern regulatory-activity paradigm of studying objects of language and speech. The purpose of the study is a multi-aspect study of paremias with obligatory archaic lexemes reflecting the ethno-cultural realities of the Karachay-Balkarian ethnos. To achieve this goal, the article solves the tasks that are focused on determining the register of paremias with archaisms and historicisms, identifying and describing their functional and semantic features, as well as ethno-cultural significance. The material of the study was the paroemias selected by continuous sampling from the available collections of Karachay-Balkarian proverbs and sayings. The choice of methods of linguistic analysis is determined by the specifics of the material under study. In the work, along with the descriptive method, elements of conceptual, cognitive analyses are used in the context of the problems of ethnolinguistics and linguofolcloristics. Of the particular methods of semantic analysis, taxonomy and linguoculturological interpretation are used. The analysis of the available factual material allows us to come to the conclusion that, according to the lexico-semantic status, archaic words are divided into lexical and semantic archaisms. From the point of view of partial origin, obsolete words are mostly represented by nouns, adjectives and verbs, among which there are both regionalisms and dialectisms belonging to various lexical and thematic groups. Archaic lexemes, due to their ethno-cultural significance, contribute to the reflection of important segments of the Karachay-Balkar linguistic picture of the world encoded in the paroemias.of the Karachay-Balkar linguistic picture of the world encoded in the paroemias.